Três ensaios sobre avaliação de políticas públicas para o estado de Goiás

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Economia, Brasília, 2016.

Ensaios de reprodução da medusa Phyllorhiza punctata para fins ornamentais

Ao longo das últimas décadas verificou-se um aumento do mercado de organismos ornamentais, tornando-se num mercado bastante lucrativo. Os cnidários são um dos grupos com maior interesse e valorização dentro dos organismos ornamentais, dentro destes as medusas têm captado a atenção como organismos ornamentais, apresentando uma grande margem de progressão, sendo atualmente consideradas como uma espécie emergente na indústria da aquariofilia. Embora existam muitas espécies de medusa com potencial ornamental, a seleção de uma espécie alvo para o uso em aquários domésticos obriga a que sejam eleitos alguns critérios de adequabilidade, nomeadamente não ser letal ou perigosa para o Homem. A espécie Phyllorhiza punctata é uma das espécies com muita procura no mercado ornamental. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as condições ideais para obter medusas a partir da fase de pólipo. Neste sentido foram realizados vários ensaios de forma a otimizar cada fase do processo. Durante todo o processo de produção de medusas é necessário retirar os pólipos de um lugar para outro, colocando-os em novos substratos e esperar que se fixem. Neste sentido é importante que os pólipos se fixem aos substratos, para que ao serem manipulados não se soltem. Assim, foi realizado um estudo relativo à fixação de pólipos em diferentes substratos, nomeadamente: placa de 6 poços, caixa de petri, gobelet de vidro e de plástico. Verificou-se que os pólipos desta espécie não apresentam preferência por nenhum dos substratos em estudo, apresentando ao final de 7 dias uma taxa de fixação superior a 90% independentemente dos substratos usados. Definido o substrato a utilizar nos ensaios, procedeu-se ao estudo das condições ótimas de temperatura e alimentação na reprodução assexuada por gemulação, tendo sido estudadas três temperaturas (20, 24 e 26ºC), combinadas com duas condições de alimento (com e sem alimentação). Verificou-se que a produção de novos pólipos por gemulação obtém-se fornecendo alimento aos pólipos e mantendo-os a 24 ou 26ºC. Do ponto de vista de desenvolvimento de éfiras em pequenas medusas, testaram-se diferentes alimentações ((A) náuplios de artémia (10 Ind/ml), (B) rotíferos (20 Ind/ml), (C) náuplios de artémia (5 Ind/ml) + rotíferos (10 Ind/ml), (D) Microalga (Nannochloropsis sp., 5x105células/ml), (E) Microalga (Nannochloropsis sp., 5x105células/ml) + náuplios de artémia (10 Ind/ml), (F) Microalga (Nannochloropsis sp., 5x105células/ml) + rotíferos (20Ind/ml)), verificando-se que a utilização de Microalgas + Rotíferos, maximiza o crescimento e a sobrevivência, comparativamente com as restantes dietas em estudo. O presente trabalho permitiu aumentar o conhecimento sobre a reprodução assexuada de pólipos e crescimento de éfiras de P. punctata. Ao longo do trabalho foi possível observar que existem condições chave que permitem otimizar o processo de produção desta espécie em aquacultura. Especialmente a importância da alimentação dos pólipos durante o processo de reprodução assexuada por gemulação, bem como da alimentação das éfiras com microalga e rotíferos conjuntamente.

Aplicação de cartas de controlo na monitorização de resultados de ensaios de comparação interlaboratorial

A norma NP EN ISO/IEC 17025 descreve os requisitos gerais para o reconhecimento da competência de um laboratório em realizar ensaios e/ou calibrações, incluindo amostragem, que é utilizada pelos laboratórios para desenvolver os seus sistemas de gestão da qualidade e para as atividades administrativas e técnicas. Além da referência aos procedimentos de controlo da qualidade para monitorizar a validade dos ensaios e calibrações realizadas, é referida a necessidade dos laboratórios participarem em Ensaios de Comparação Interlaboratorial (ECI) como garantia da fiabilidade dos resultados. Neste trabalho, apresentam-se resultados da aplicação de cartas de controlo de qualidade para monitorização da estatística z-score (diferença entre o resultado obtido pelo laboratório participante e o valor de referência dividida pelo erro). Quando os dados analisados apresentam autocorrelação, é testado um modelo apropriado de série temporal, ou seja, um modelo que remova a autocorrelação dos dados aplicando cartas de controlo aos resíduos

Acreditação de ensaios do laboratório de análises de sementes da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2005.

2008

Acreditação de ensaios do laboratório de análises de sementes da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2005.

2008

Developing a hybrid expert system program to aid in the design of plastic injection molding process

Experts in injection molding often refer to previous solutions to find a mold design similar to the current mold and use previous successful molding process parameters with intuitive adjustment and modification as a start for the new molding application. This approach saves a substantial amount of time and cost in experimental based corrective actions which are required in order to reach optimum molding conditions. A Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) System can perform the same task by retrieving a similar case which is applied to the new case from the case library and uses the modification rules to adapt a solution to the new case. Therefore, a CBR System can simulate human e~pertise in injection molding process design. This research is aimed at developing an interactive Hybrid Expert System to reduce expert dependency needed on the production floor. The Hybrid Expert System (HES) is comprised of CBR, flow analysis, post-processor and trouble shooting systems. The HES can provide the first set of operating parameters in order to achieve moldability condition and producing moldings free of stress cracks and warpage. In this work C++ programming language is used to implement the expert system. The Case-Based Reasoning sub-system is constructed to derive the optimum magnitude of process parameters in the cavity. Toward this end the Flow Analysis sub-system is employed to calculate the pressure drop and temperature difference in the feed system to determine the required magnitude of parameters at the nozzle. The Post-Processor is implemented to convert the molding parameters to machine setting parameters. The parameters designed by HES are implemented using the injection molding machine. In the presence of any molding defect, a trouble shooting subsystem can determine which combination of process parameters must be changed iii during the process to deal with possible variations. Constraints in relation to the application of this HES are as follows. - flow length (L) constraint: 40 mm < L < I 00 mm, - flow thickness (Th) constraint: -flow type: - material types: I mm < Th < 4 mm, unidirectional flow, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and Acrylic. In order to test the HES, experiments were conducted and satisfactory results were obtained.

Improving self care of patients with chronic disease using online personal health record

BACKGROUND: Effective management of chronic diseases such as prostate cancer is important. Research suggests a tendency to use self-care treatment options such as over-the-counter (OTC) complementary medications among prostate cancer patients. The current trend in patient-driven recording of health data in an online Personal Health Record (PHR) presents an opportunity to develop new data-driven approaches for improving prostate cancer patient care. However, the ability of current online solutions to share patients' data for better decision support is limited. An informatics approach may improve online sharing of self-care interventions among these patients. It can also provide better evidence to support decisions made during their self-managed care. AIMS: To identify requirements for an online system and describe a new case-based reasoning (CBR) method for improving self-care of advanced prostate cancer patients in an online PHR environment. METHOD: A non-identifying online survey was conducted to understand self-care patterns among prostate cancer patients and to identify requirements for an online information system. The pilot study was carried out between August 2010 and December 2010. A case-base of 52 patients was developed. RESULTS: The data analysis showed self-care patterns among the prostate cancer patients. Selenium (55%) was the common complementary supplement used by the patients. Paracetamol (about 45%) was the commonly used OTC by the patients. CONCLUSION: The results of this study specified requirements for an online case-based reasoning information system. The outcomes of this study are being incorporated in design of the proposed Artificial Intelligence (Al) driven patient journey browser system. A basic version of the proposed system is currently being considered for implementation.

Assessment of recycled concrete aggregate for road base and sub-base

Population increase and economic developments can lead to construction as well as demolition of infrastructures such as buildings, bridges, roads, etc and used concrete is the main waste product of them. Recycling of waste concrete to obtain the recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for base and/or sub-base materials in road construction is a foremost application to be promoted to gain economical and sustainable benefits. As the mortar, bricks, glass and asphalt present in different constituents in RCA, it exhibits inconsistent properties and performance. In this study, six different types of RCA samples were subjected classification tests such as particle size distribution, plasticity, compaction test and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). Results were compared with those of the standard road materials used in Queensland, Australia and found that ‘RM1-100/RM3-0’ and ‘RM1-80/RM3-20’ samples are sitting in the margin of the minimum required specifications of base materials while others are lower than that.

Assessment of recycled concrete aggregates as a pavement material

Population increase and economic developments can lead to construction as well as demolition of infrastructures such as buildings, bridges, roads, etc resulting in used concrete as a primary waste product. Recycling of waste concrete to obtain the recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for base and/or sub-base materials in road construction is a foremost application to be promoted to gain economical and sustainability benefits. As the mortar, bricks, glass and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) present as constituents in RCA, it exhibits inconsistent properties and performance. In this study, six different types of RCA samples were subjected classification tests such as particle size distribution, plasticity, compaction test, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests. Results were compared with those of the standard road materials used in Queensland, Australia. It was found that material type ‘RM1-100/RM3-0’ and ‘RM1-80/RM3-20’ samples are in the margin of the minimum required specifications of base materials used for high volume unbound granular roads while others are lower than that the minimum requirement.

Proximal femoral morphology in regions of hard and soft water

This study compared proximal femoral morphology in patients living in soft and hard water regions. The proximal femoral morphology of two groups of 70 patients living in hard and soft water regions with a mean age of 72.3 (range 50 to 87 years) were measured using an antero-posterior radiograph of the non-operated hip with magnification adjusted. The medullary canal diameter at the level of the lesser trochanter (LT) was significantly wider in patients living in the hard water region (mean width 1.9 mm wider; p= 0.003). No statistical significant difference was found in the medullary canal width at 10 cm below the level of LT, Dorr index, or Canal Bone Ratio (CBR). In conclusion, the proximal femoral morphology does differ in patients living in soft and hard water areas. These results may have an important clinical bearing in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. Further research is needed to determine whether implant survivorship is affected in patients living in hard and soft water regions.

Impact resistance and evaluation of retained strength on geotextiles

Over the last few decades, geotextiles have progressively been incorporated into geotechnical applications, especially in the field of coastal engineering. Geotextile materials often act as separator and a filter layer between rocks laid above and subgrade beneath. This versatile material has gradually substituted traditional granular materials because of its ease of installation, consistent quality and labour costefficiency. However, geotextiles often suffer damage during installation due to high dynamic bulk loading of rock placement. This can degrade geotextiles' mechanical strength. The properties considered in this paper include the impact resistance and retained strength of geotextiles. In general, the greater the impact energy applied to geotextiles, the greater the potential for damage. Results highlight the inadequacy of using index derived values as an indicator to determine geotextile performance on site because test results shows that geotextiles (staple fibre (SF) and continuous filament (CF)) with better mechanical properties did not outperform lower mechanical strength materials. The toughest CF product with a CBR index value of 9696N shows inferior impact resistance compared to SF product with the least CBR strength (2719N) given the same impact energy of 9.02 kJ. Test results also indicated that the reduction of strength for CF materials were much greater (between 20 and 50%) compared to SF materials (between 0 and 5%) when subjected to the same impact energy of 4.52 kJ.

California bearing ratio behavior of cement-stabilized fly ash-soil mixes

Thermal power stations using pulverized coal as fuel generate large quantities of fly ash as a byproduct, which has created environmental and disposal problems. Using fly ash for gainful applications will solve these problems. Among the various possible uses for fly ash, the most massive and effective utilization is in geotechnical engineering applications like backfill material, construction of embankments, as a subbase material, etc. A proper understanding of fly ash-soil mixes is likely to provide viable solutions for its large-scale utilization. Earlier studies initiated in the laboratory have resulted in a good understanding of the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) behavior of fly ash-soil mixes. Subsequently, in order to increase the CBR value, cement has been tried as an additive to fly ash-soil mixes. This paper reports the results.

Characterization of Interactions Involving Bromine in 2,2-Dibromo2,3-dihydroinden-1-one via Experimental Charge Density Analysis

Experimental and theoretical charge density analyses on 2,2-dibromo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-one have been carried out to quantify the topological features of a short CBr....O halogen bond with nearly linear geometry (2.922 angstrom, angle CBr....O = 172.7 degrees) and to assess the strength of the interactions using the topological features of the electron density. The electrostatic potential map indicates the presence of the s-hole on bromine, while the interaction energy is comparable to that of a moderate OH....O hydrogen bond. In addition, the energetic contribution of CH.....Br interaction is demonstrated to be on par with that of the CBr....O halogen bond in stabilizing the crystal structure.

Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Fly Ash Mixed with Randomly Distributed Plastic Waste

In order to explore the potential use of fly ash and plastic waste in bulk quantities in civil engineering applications, it is necessary to understand the behavior of fly ash and fly ash mixed with plastic waste. These materials are considered as wastes and in this study, it is shown that combination of fly ash and plastic waste is very useful. In this regard, various tests such as classification tests, unconfined compressive strength and compressibility tests, consolidated undrained tests, and California bearing ratio tests were conducted. The results indicated that the inclusion of plastic waste in fly ash is effective in improving the engineering properties of fly ash in terms of compressive strength, shear strength parameters, and CBR values. In order to understand the effect of sample size on the shear strength parameters of fly ash and fly ash mixed with plastic waste, consolidated undrained tests were conducted with sample sizes of 38x76mm and 50x100mm. The results of the tests indicate that the shear strength increases with the increase in sample size. The implication of the use of fly ash mixed with plastic waste in unpaved roads is presented in terms of reduction of carbon print.