993 resultados para Catalunya -- Història -- 1936-1939, Guerra Civil


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The Mediterranean wall, which is a collection of defensive constructions along the coast, was built during the Spanish War (1936-39) to prevent enemy attacks. It´s called this way like the Atlantic Wall, which was built after the Second World War. These group of buildings consist of batteries, bunkers and barracks placed along the coastline, sometimes next to another kind of infrastructure. Its location (typical of a military strategy) and its peculiar morphology are like another ones: the historical watchtowers ones. They were built by the Kingdom of Spain in the same geography four centuries earlier although, in our case, the buildings are updated to the conditions of contemporary wars: camouflage against air raids. A collection of anti-aircraft devices, placed along the coast since the late 1937, were risen following the instructions of the Valencian State to defend both citizens and cities from the aviation´s bombings. The following military settlements, organized from North to South, are part of the most relevant ones of the coast of Alicante: the Denia and Javea ones, the North of Alicante and Southwest of Alicante ones, the Portichol one, the Galvany´s Clot one and, finally, the Cape and Bay of Santa Pola ones. Remains of more than 60 architectural elements, that document the first concrete´s ruins, are still there. This paper tries to document all of them (providing their location, their morphological genealogy and including some drawings of the current state) to contribute to their revaluation and to help to their necessary protection. They are a legacy of architectural heritage which consolidates and increases the memory of our culture.

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Reseñas de: SANTACREU SOLER, José Miguel: La crisis monetaria española de 1937. Moneda y municipios en la provincia de Alicante durante la guerra civil española, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, 1986, 182 págs.; GONZÁLEZ PORTILLA, Manuel y GARMENDIA, José María: La guerra civil en el País Vasco. Política y economía, Universidad del País Vasco-Siglo XXI de España Editores, Madrid, 1988, 154 págs.

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Las maestras de la provincia de Alicante, como del resto del Estado, sufrieron dos procesos de depuración en pocos años: uno breve y debido a motivos políticos durante la Guerra Civil y otro más premeditado, duro y largo durante el Franquismo, en el que fueron castigadas por razones políticas y por ser mujeres que habían incumplido las normas de género tradicionales. Las maestras que trabajaron durante la Guerra Civil se habían formado sobre todo con los planes de estudios de 1914 y 1931, muy distintos entre sí. Aun siendo ellas un grupo heterogéneo en muchos aspectos, representaban un nuevo modelo de mujer, más moderno. Acabada la guerra, comenzó un periodo de cambios importantes para ellas y las siguientes promociones, marcado por el nacional-catolicismo.