Eletrodos fabricados por "silk-screen"

A review dealing with the use of screen-printing technology to manufacture disposable electrodes is presented, covering in details virtually all the publications in the area up to early 1997 and including 206 references. The elements and different strategies on constructing modified electrodes are highlighted. Commercial and Home-made ink recipes are discussed. Microelectrode arrays, built by the combination of photostructuring and screen-printing technologies to the mass production of advanced disposable sensors, are also discussed. Future research trends are predicted.

L'Intrusisme professional a principis del segle XX. El Dr. James M. Munyon.

RESUM: Presentem al Dr. James M. Munyon, qui a principis del segle passat es dedicà a la manufactura i patent de remeis homeopàtics. Va ser perseguit per frau en múltiples ocasions però la seva gran fortuna li va permetre estendre el seu negoci fins a casa nostra, arribant a assolir grans cotes de popularitat. La revista ¡Cu-Cut! li dedicà tres caricatures els anys 1902 i 1903. A través de l"estudi de les mateixes hem pogut conèixer el Dr. Munyon, un intrús professional de principis del segle XX.

História da química e da geologia: Joseph Black e James Hutton como referências para educação em ciências

The second half of eighteenth century is marked by the advancement of chemistry and geology. The first science acquired the law of conservation of mass and this science represented a important support to geology and mineralogy. We say that both became modern science that time. Our aim is to show up some interrelations between history of chemistry and history of geology by means of the study of Joseph Black's and James Hutton's works. We defend that it is positive to science education to understand and approach the relations among different and disciplinary areas of science.

Finnair’s “New Silk Road” in the New Millennium: An Analysis of the Construction of Asia and of the Company

During the past century, an increasingly diverse world provided us with opportunities for intercultural communication; especially the growth of commerce at all levels from domestic to international has made the combination of the theories of intercultural communication and international business necessary. As one of the main beneficiaries in international business in recent years, companies in airline industries have developed their international market. For instance, Finnair has developed its Asian strategy which responds to the increasing market demand for flights from Europe to Asia in the new millennium. Therefore, the company manages marketing communication in a global environment and becomes a suitable case for studying the theories of intercultural communication in the context of international marketing. Finnair implemented a large number of international advertisements to promote its Asian routes, where Asia has been constructed as a number of exotic destinations. Meanwhile, the company itself as a provider of these destinations has also been constructed contrastively. Thus, this thesis aims at research how Finnair constructs Asia and the company itself in the new millennium, and how these constructions compare with the theories of intercultural communication. This research applied the theories of international marketing, intercultural communication and culture. In order to analyze the collected corpora as Finnair’s international advertisements and its annual reports in the new millennium, the methods of content analysis and discourse analysis have been used in this research. As a result, Finnair has purposefully applied the essentialist approach to intercultural communication and constructed Asia as an exotic “Other” due to the company’s market orientation. Meanwhile, Finnair has also constructed the company itself two identities based on the same approach: as an international airline provider between Europe and Asia, as well as a part of Finnish society. The combination of intercultural communication and international marketing theories, together with the combination of the methods of content analysis and discourse analysis ensure the originality of this paper.

En swensk officers samlingar under desz wistande i Ryszland åren 1784, 1786 och 1787

Author: Lorentz Nordenadler.

I Brunnshuset. Fredagen den 1 (13) Juli 1855, H. K. M:t Enke-Keijsarinnan Alexandra Fedorownas höga födelsedag

Ilmoitus. Ruotsin- ja venäjänkielinen

I Brunnshuset. Fredagen den 22 Juli (3 Augusti) 1855, H. M. Kejsarinnan Maria Alexandrownas Höga namnsdag

Ilmoitus

Journal des avoués : ou Recueil général des lois, décrets impériaux, décisions du Conseil d'état et de ministres, arrêts et jugemens qui fixent un point de la procédure civile, criminelle ou commerciale

1855 (SER2,T9,A44).

Epäsuora sodankäynti Itämeren alueen taisteluissa vuosina 1854-1855 : B.H. Liddell Hartin teorian sovellus Krimin sotaan

Tämä tutkimus on kokonaisuus, jossa käsitellään kahta sotahistorian alaan kuuluvaa aihetta, B.H. Liddell Hartin teoriaa epäsuoruudesta sodankäynnissä sekä Krimin sodan tapahtumia Itämerellä. Tavoitteenani on yhdistää ajankohtainen sotataidon tutkimus perinteiseen sotahistoriaan tavalla, joka hyödyttää molempia osa-alueita. Käytän historiallisia tapahtumia esimerkkinä kuvaamaan teoriaa käytännössä ja teoriaa selittämään sotatapahtumia uudella tavalla. Tutkimus on kaksiosainen: ensimmäisessä osassa esitellään Liddell Hartin teoria epäsuoruudesta sodankäynnissä ja toisessa osassa sitä sovelletaan analysoimalla Krimin sodan Itämeren alueen sotatoimia. Laivaston lähettäminen Itämerelle oli mielestäni ratkaisevin päätös, minkä liittoutuneet tekivät voittaakseen sodan. Laivaston toiminta osoittautui sodan kannalta monin tavoin merkittäväksi, sillä Krimin rintaman taistelut eivät tuoneet sotaan ratkaisua. Laivasto muodosti merkittävän maihinnousu-uhan rannikolla, sodan loppuvaiheessa uhka kohdistui Pietaria vastaan. Uhka sitoi Itämeren rannikolle suuria määriä venäläistä sotaväkeä, jota olisi muuten voitu käyttää Krimillä. Tämän tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan sanoa, että Krimin sodan Itämeren alueen toiminta oli perustaltaan epäsuoraa suurstrategian tasolla ja osaltaan myös strategian tasolla. Epäsuora vaikutus ei välttämättä ollut suunniteltua tai edes tietoista, epäsuora vaikutus voi tapahtua myös vahingossa.

Silk and ink. What were silk wallets, and what can they, together with Jacobina Charlotta Munterhjelm’s diary, tell us about the gentry women’s lives in the 18th and 19th century?

The subject of this thesis is the elaborate silk wallets and what can they tell about the gentry women’s lives in the 18th and 19th century Finland together Jacobina Charlotta Munsterhjelm’s diary. Silk wallets were made of silk and decorated by embroidering, they were used to preserve memorabilia and letters. Making these lavish items took time, skills and materials, and the decorations usually contained symbols and messages. As main source there are silk wallets from the collections of the National Museum of Finland and Satakunta Museum, as well as the diary of Jacobina Munsterhjelm from 1799 to 1801. By interpreting these items we can build a picture of gentry women’s lives. The culture of silk wallets is European, the silk wallet phenomenon studied is Swedish-Finnish, and the research is limited mainly in Finland by its sources. This research has been carried out by constructing a cultural context to the silk wallets with the help of Ginzburg’s methods from his work Juusto ja madot - 1500-luvun myllärin maailmankuva. Silk wallets represent the gentry as well as the communication culture in the 18th and 19th centuries, but have remained unstudied. The thesis consists of two parts, the first focuses on the silk wallets, from where were they developed, how they were made, and to their decorations. The silk wallet culture developed among the gentry handicrafts during the 18th century and faded during the early 20th century. The making of the silk wallets demanded time, skills and materials. The decorations contain messages and symbols – they contain the possible affections the makers might have toward the receiver, and reflect the status and qualities of the receiver. The second part examines the makers, the gentry women, and the handicraft culture which played a big role in their lives, through silk wallets and the diary of Jacobina Munstehjelm. From there it continues to the affections and meanings which can be found from the silk wallets.