339 resultados para Broca do estipe do coqueiro


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Sandflies stand out as important vectors of leishmaniasis. The females need to ingest blood meals, enabling them to transmit protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which may give rise to visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL), in addition to transmitting other parasites. Leishmaniasis are important infirmities, distributed worldwide, whose infection results from the interaction of reservoir animals, the vector insect, parasitic protozoa and the healthy host. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil, these insects are important transmitters of VL, which usually presents in the most serious form. It occurs mainly in metropolitan areas, with the dog as its main reservoir and Lutzomyia longipalpis as the vector. ATL is most present in the highland areas of the state. In addition to hematophagia, engaged in by the females, both sexes need to ingest carbohydrates, which are essential to the sand flies energy requirements and may interfere in the development of Leishmania. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and abundance of sand flies in different environments on the farm belonging to the Empresa de Pesquisas Agropecuárias do RN (Institute of Agricultural Research of RN), in the municipality of Parnamirim, in order to relate this occurrence with climatological and biological references and eating habits. Three consecutive monthly collections were carried out with CDC traps in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest, in a residence, on a goat breeding farm and on cashew, dwarf and giant coconut, mango, banana, eucalyptus, acacia and bean plantations. A total of 1241 sandflies from eight species (Lutzomyia evandroi, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia shannoni, Lutzomyia sordellii Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia wellcomei, Lutzomyia whitmani, and Lutzomyia intermedia) were collected, most in the forest environment. L. longipalpis, the main VL transmitter, was confirmed as a species adapted to anthropic environments, whereas others such as L. wellcomei, the vector of ATL, occurred predominantly in forests. Carbohydrate characterization of the sand flies and plants of the region demonstrated that a number of exotic plants such as hay and eucalyptus may play some role in the adaptation of these species to modified environments. Breeding in laboratory showed a mean biological cycle of 53.5 days from egg to adulthood for L. shannoni and the possibility of diapause behavior in L. wellcomei. This study serves as a source of information that may contribute to the epidemiological vigilance of tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis in the state, given that it analyzes the bioecology of transmitting species, as well as their potential to adapt to new environments

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Reducing the losses caused by Aceria guerreronis Keifer has been an arduous task for farmers. However, there are no detailed studies on losses that simultaneously analyse correlated parameters, and very few studies that address the economic viability of chemical control, the main strategy for managing this pest. In this study the objectives were (1) to estimate the crop loss due to coconut mite and (2) to perform a financial analysis of acaricide application to control the pest. For this, the following parameters were evaluated: number and weight of fruits, liquid albumen volume, and market destination of plants with and without monthly abamectin spraying (three harvests). The costs involved in the chemical control of A. guerreronis were also quantified. Higher A. guerreronis incidence on plants resulted in a 60 % decrease in the mean number of fruits harvested per bunch and a 28 % decrease in liquid albumen volume. Mean fruit weight remained unaffected. The market destination of the harvested fruit was also affected by higher A. guerreronis incidence. Untreated plants, with higher A. guerreronis infestation intensity, produced a lower proportion of fruit intended for fresh market and higher proportions of non-marketable fruit and fruit intended for industrial processing. Despite the costs involved in controlling A. guerreronis, the difference between the profit from the treated site and the untreated site was 18,123.50 Brazilian Real; this value represents 69.1 % higher profit at the treated site. Keywords

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Para a manutenção da biodiversidade no meio rural do semiárido faz-se necessário a elaboração e uso de técnicas e práticas ecológicas, destacando a importância de não realizar as práticas da broca e queima. As florestas agroecológicas buscam a interação das espécies cultivadas para produção e preservação da vegetação nativa, mantendo a estabilidade nas interações entre planta e solo. Objetivou-se determinar a produção de biomassa e quantificar parâmetros fitossociológicos em função das práticas agrícolas em agroecossistemas de base familiar.

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Este projeto tem como objetivo estabelecer colônias de insetos Conotrachelus sp. para estudos de ecologia química das brocas do cupuaçu.

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A pesquisa objetivou avaliar o crescimento do dendezeiro através da medição das variáveis: altura da planta, circunferência do coleto e produção de matéria seca. Dendezeiros com 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 e 8 anos e idade no campo, cultivados num Latossolo Amarelo na ecorregião de Tailândia, Estado do Pará, foram coletados nas plantações da Agropalma. Cada planta foi separada nos componentes: folíolos, pecíolos, ráquis, "cabbage", flechas, estipe, inflorescências masculinas, pedúnculos, espiguetas e frutos para determinação da produção de matéria seca. Os resultados indicam que as plantas com oito anos de idade apresentam crescimento ascendente em altura, circunferência do coleto c produção de matéria seca. A produção de matéria seca é lenta é o quarto ano, tornando-se mais intensa a partir do quinto ano. No geral. a produção de matéria seca nos diferentes componentes do dendezeiro mostra a seguinte ordem decrescente: estipe > pecíolo > folíolos > "quis > frutos > espiguetas > inflorescências masculinas > pedúnculos > flecha > "cabbage".

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Relata-se a ocorrência de Hypsipyla ferrealis Hampson no Estado do Acre, infestando sementes de andirobeiras, oriundas do município de Senador Guiomard - AC. No Laboratório de Entomologia da Embrapa Acre, as sementes foram depositadas em bandejas plásticas contendo areia umedecida e acondicionadas no interior de uma gaiola telada. Diariamente, a gaiola foi inspecionada à procura de insetos emergidos, os quais foram identificados como Hypsipyla ferrealis, lepidóptero comumente associado infestando sementes de andirobeira. Este é o primeiro registro desta espécie ocorrendo em sementes de andirobeira no estado do Acre.