Mass movement characterization using a reflexion and refraction seismic survey with the sloping local base level concept

This study proposes a new concept for upscaling local information on failure surfaces derived from geophysical data, in order to develop the spatial information and quickly estimate the magnitude and intensity of a landslide. A new vision of seismic interpretation on landslides is also demonstrated by taking into account basic geomorphic information with a numeric method based on the Sloping Local Base Level (SLBL). The SLBL is a generalization of the base level defined in geomorphology applied to landslides, and allows the calculation of the potential geometry of the landslide failure surface. This approach was applied to a large scale landslide formed mainly in gypsum and situated in a former glacial valley along the Rhone within the Western European Alps. Previous studies identified the existence of two sliding surfaces that may continue below the level of the valley. In this study. seismic refraction-reflexion surveys were carried out to verify the existence of these failure surfaces. The analysis of the seismic data provides a four-layer model where three velocity layers (<1000 ms(-1), 1500 ms(-1) and 3000 ms(-1)) are interpreted as the mobilized mass at different weathering levels and compaction. The highest velocity layer (>4000 ms(-1)) with a maximum depth of similar to 58 m is interpreted as the stable anhydrite bedrock. Two failure surfaces were interpreted from the seismic surveys: an upper failure and a much deeper one (respectively 25 and 50 m deep). The upper failure surface depth deduced from geophysics is slightly different from the results obtained using the SLBL, and the deeper failure surface depth calculated with the SLBL method is underestimated in comparison with the geophysical interpretations. Optimal results were therefore obtained by including the seismic data in the SLBL calculations according to the geomorphic limits of the landslide (maximal volume of mobilized mass = 7.5 x 10(6) m(3)).

Ultrastructure of adhesion and movement of the tetraspores of Gelidium Lamour (Geldiaceae; Rhodophyta)

The outer part of the tetraspora cell wall in Gelidium crinale (Turner) J.V. Lamour. and G. spathulatum (Kutz.) Bornet is morphologically described in relation to the movements and displacement of these spores when they settle on a substratum. We also describe the mechanism of adhesión and the transformations undergone by this mechanism over time. The cell wall shows a network of fibrillar threads embedded in abundant mucilage. The deformations that tetraspores undergo show that the cell wall is relatively elastic.

Field Measurement of Bridges for Long-term Structural Movement, HR-295, 1988

This report describes the field application of the tilt sensing method for monitoring movement of the Black Hawk and Karl King Bridges. The study objectives were: to design a data acquisition system for tilt sensing equipment utilizing a telephone telemetry system; to monitor possible movement of the main span pier, Pier No. 2, on the Black Hawk Bridge in Lansing and the possible long-term movement of Pier No. 4 on the Karl King Bridge in Fort Dodge; and to assess the feasibility, reliability, and accuracy of the instrumentation system used in this study.

Combination of bevacizumab and 2-weekly pegylated liposomal doxorubicin as first-line therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. A multicenter, single-arm phase II trial (SAKK 24/06).

BACKGROUND: Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and bevacizumab are active agents in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We carried out a multicenter, single-arm phase II trial to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of PLD and bevacizumab as first-line treatment in MBC patients. METHODS: Bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) and PLD (20 mg/m(2)) were infused on days 1 and 15 of a 4-week cycle for a maximum of six cycles. Thereafter, bevacizumab monotherapy was continued at the same dose until progression or toxicity. The primary objective was safety and tolerability, and the secondary objective was to evaluate efficacy of the combination. RESULTS: Thirty-nine of 43 patients were assessable for the primary end point. Eighteen of 39 patients (46%, 95% confidence interval 30% to 63%) had a grade 3 toxicity. Sixteen (41%) had grade 3 palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, one had grade 3 mucositis, and one severe cardiotoxicity. Secondary end point of overall response rate among 43 assessable patients was 21%. CONCLUSIONS: In this nonrandomized single-arm trial, the combination of bimonthly PLD and bevacizumab in locally recurrent and MBC patients demonstrated higher than anticipated toxicity while exhibiting only modest activity. Based on these results, we would not consider this combination for further investigation in this setting.

Long-Term Structural Movement, HR-275, 1986

This report describes the field application of the tilt sensing method for monitoring movement of the Black Hawk and Karl King Bridges. The study objectives were: to design a data acquisition system for tilt sensing equipment utilizing a telephone telemetry system; to monitor possible movement of the main span pier, Pier No. 2, on the Black Hawk Bridge in Lansing and the possible long-term movement of Pier No. 4 on the Karl King Bridge in Fort Dodge; and to assess the feasibility, reliability, and accuracy of the instrumentation system used in this study.

Islands of euchromatin-like sequence and expressed polymorphic sequences within the short arm of human chromosome 21.

The goals of the human genome project did not include sequencing of the heterochromatic regions. We describe here an initial sequence of 1.1 Mb of the short arm of human chromosome 21 (HSA21p), estimated to be 10% of 21p. This region contains extensive euchromatic-like sequence and includes on average one transcript every 100 kb. These transcripts show multiple inter- and intrachromosomal copies, and extensive copy number and sequence variability. The sequencing of the "heterochromatic" regions of the human genome is likely to reveal many additional functional elements and provide important evolutionary information.

Psychomotor retardation in depression: bradykinesia or paucity of movement?

Objectives: Psychomotor retardation is part of Major Depression (MD) diagnosis criteria and has been assimilated to bradykinesia, even though there is a clear lack of objective measurement of motor activity in MD. We conducted a study to evaluate bradykinesia, posture and gait parameters in MD patients with an ambulatory system, allowing continuous motor measurements. Methods: Patients with DSM-IV MD and healthy controls matched for age and sex were asked to carry on with their usual activities while being recorded for 6 hours by a wireless autonomous ambulatory system, containing miniature gyroscopes, data-logger, battery and flash memory. allowing continuous recording of upper limbs movements (speed, amplitude and activity (% of time with movement)), posture (% of time standing, walking, lying or sitting) and gait parameters (speed, cadence, stance, double support, stride). Results: Hands activity was significantly lower in depressed patients, as compared to controls (MD: 40%, controls: 60%; p<0.05). Speed of hand movements (p= 0.13) and their amplitude (p=0.71) were similar to controls. MD patients had a trend to spend more time lying or sitting than controls (p=0.06) but did not differ in terms of any gait parameters. Conclusion: Patients with MD displayed less hand movements than controls and tended to spend more time lying or sitting over 6 hours, but did not differ in terms of speed and amplitude of movement, nor in gait parameters. These results suggest that psychomotor retardation classically described in MD might be the expression of a paucity of movement rather than a bradykinesia as observed in parkinsonism and might involved different (nondopaminergic) mechanisms.

Résultats préliminaires de l'enclouage rétrograde de l'humérus [Preliminary results of retrograde nailing of the humerus]

A group of nine patients with a diaphyseal fracture of the humerus and treated with retrograde nailing were studied with a mean follow-up of 15.3 months. Six patients with a humeral fracture without neurological deficit showed a good shoulder and elbow mobility at the last visit. Three patients with neurological lesion preoperatively suffer from a diminished range of movement not related to the surgical procedure. During the operation and postoperatively we found no complication related to the implant and more precisely we could not find a iatrogenic fracture or nervous lesion except one intraoperative lesion of the radial nerve probably related to an important traction movement during reduction with complete remission. Consolidation has been achieved for all fractures but one. This patient suffers from a lesion of the brachial plexus with complete plegia of the arm and a vascular lesion. This patient had to be reoperated for an atrophic non-union by bone grafting and plate fixation. The retrograde nail is a good implant and must be considered in our treatment plans as much as conservative treatment or surgical treatment with plating, anterograde nailing or the use of an external fixator. Only then will we be able to give to the patient the most adapted treatment for his fracture.

Remorin, a solanaceae protein resident in membrane rafts and plasmodesmata, impairs potato virus X movement.

Remorins (REMs) are proteins of unknown function specific to vascular plants. We have used imaging and biochemical approaches and in situ labeling to demonstrate that REM clusters at plasmodesmata and in approximately 70-nm membrane domains, similar to lipid rafts, in the cytosolic leaflet of the plasma membrane. From a manipulation of REM levels in transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants, we show that Potato virus X (PVX) movement is inversely related to REM accumulation. We show that REM can interact physically with the movement protein TRIPLE GENE BLOCK PROTEIN1 from PVX. Based on the localization of REM and its impact on virus macromolecular trafficking, we discuss the potential for lipid rafts to act as functional components in plasmodesmata and the plasma membrane.

Study of the Regulatory Issues Affecting Truck Freight Movement in the Midwest, RB29-013, 2014

This project investigated regulatory issues that may affect or limit freight movement in Iowa and other Midwest states: Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Current state regulations for the following are reviewed and summarized: - Vehicle dimensions - Vehicle weights - Speed limits - Weight compliance enforcement - Fees and taxes - Driver qualifications - Medical certification - Hours of service - Oversize-overweight permits

Mouvements anormaux et accident vasculaire cérébral [Movement disorders in stroke]

Dyskinesias are infrequent presentations in acute stroke (1%). They can be found more frequently as delayed presentations after a stroke, but the prevalence is not available from the literature. The full spectrum of hyper- and hypo-akinetic syndromes has been described, but three main pictures are rather specific of an acute stroke: limb shaking, hemichorea-hemiballism and unilateral asterixis. Besides limb shaking, that seems to reflect a transient diffuse ischemia of the frontosubcortical motor pathway, lesions are described at all levels of the frontosubcortical motor circuit including the sensorimotor frontoparietal cortex, the striatum, the pallidum, the thalamic nuclei, the subthalamic nucleus, the substantia nigra, the cerebellum, the brainstem and their interconnecting pathways, as ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. The preferentially late development of dyskinesia could reflect the return to a more ancestral motor control level, the most functional possible with the remaining configuration of structures, elaborated by brain plasticity after stroke.

Lake dwellers occupation gap in Lake Geneva (France-Switzerland) possibly explained by an earthquake-mass movement-tsunami event during Early Bronze Age

High-resolution seismic and sediment core data from the 'Grand Lac' basin of Lake Geneva reveal traces of repeated slope instabilities with one main slide-evolved mass-flow (minimum volume 0.13 km3) that originated from the northern lateral slope of the lake near the city of Lausanne. Radiocarbon dating of organic remains sampled from the top of the main deposit gives an age interval of 1865-1608 BC. This date coincides with the age interval for a mass movement event described in the 'Petit Lac' basin of Lake Geneva (1872-1622 BC). Because multiple mass movements took place at the same time in different parts of the lake, we consider the most likely trigger mechanism to be a strong earthquake (Mw 6) that occurred in the period between 1872 and 1608 BC. Based on numerical simulations, we show the major deposit near Lausanne would have generated a tsunami with local wave heights of up to 6 m. The combined effects of the earthquake and the following tsunami provide a possible explanation for a gap in lake dwellers occupation along the shores of Lake Geneva revealed by dendrochronological dating of two palafitte archaeological sites.