Ms. Carm. 32 - Collectanea

Vorbesitzer: Karmeliterkloster Frankfurt am Main

Ms. hebr. oct. 32 - Perushim la-Mishnah

Vorbesitzer: Mendel; Nathan Adler; Aaron Ben-Moses Fuld

Ms. Barth. 75 (Ausst. 32) - In primum et secundum Sententiarum

Vorbesitzer: Bartholomaeusstift Frankfurt am Main

Die ständigen Familien-Fideicommisse und der Tit. II. §. 32. des neuen Verfassungs-Entwurfs für Preußen

Boberach: Familienfideikommisse sind aufzuheben, weil ihren Besitzern für eine moderne Landwirtschaft das Kapital fehlt

Bericht der Fach-Kommission für Justiz-Reform über den Antrag der Abgeordneten Jacoby, Temme, und D'Ester sub Nr. 310, betreffend die Aufhebung der §§. 30 - 33. 36. 339. 940. Thl. II. Tit. 1. Allg. Landrecht: Nach den Bestimmungen des Allg. Landrechts, §. 30. bis 33., 36., 939. und 940., Thl. II., Tit. I. sind Ehen zwischen "Mannspersonen von Adel ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Einstimmige Annahme des Antrages zur Aufhebung des bestehenden Eheverbotes zwischen Adligen und Nichtadligen sowie Personen unterschiedlicher Konfession

The use of electromyography interference pattern analysis to determine muscle force of the deep digital flexor muscle in healthy and laminitic horses

BACKGROUND: In equine laminitis, the deep digital flexor muscle (DDFM) appears to have increased muscle force, but evidence-based confirmation is lacking. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to test if the DDFM of laminitic equines has an increased muscle force detectable by needle electromyography interference pattern analysis (IPA). ANIMALS AND METHODS: The control group included six Royal Dutch Sport horses, three Shetland ponies and one Welsh pony [10 healthy, sound adults weighing 411 ± 217 kg (mean ± SD) and aged 10 ± 5 years]. The laminitic group included three Royal Dutch Sport horses, one Friesian, one Haflinger, one Icelandic horse, one Welsh pony, one miniature Appaloosa and six Shetland ponies (14 adults, weight 310 ± 178 kg, aged 13 ± 6 years) with acute/chronic laminitis. The electromyography IPA measurements included firing rate, turns/second (T), amplitude/turn (M) and M/T ratio. Statistical analysis used a general linear model with outcomes transformed to geometric means. RESULTS: The firing rate of the total laminitic group was higher than the total control group. This difference was smaller for the ponies compared to the horses; in the horses, the geometric mean difference of the laminitic group was 1.73 [geometric 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-2.32], and in the ponies this value was 1.09 (geometric 95% CI 0.82-1.45). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In human medicine, an increased firing rate is characteristic of increased muscle force. Thus, the increased firing rate of the DDFM in the context of laminitis suggests an elevated muscle force. However, this seems to be only a partial effect as in this study, the unchanged turns/second and amplitude/turn failed to prove the recruitment of larger motor units with larger amplitude motor unit potentials in laminitic equids.

Kundmachung: Vincenz v. Emperger, aus Klagenfurt in Kärnthen gebürtig, 32 Jahre alt, katholisch, ledig ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Verurteilung des steirischen Landtagsabgeordneten von Emperger, des Schriftstellers und ehemaligen Redakteurs Schumacher, des Offiziers und Reisenden von Callot, des Handelsagenten Ribarz sowie des Militär-Rechnungsrats Zwettler zu achtzehn, zehn, sieben, zwei und drei Jahren schwerem Kerker resp. wegen Aufruhrs und Widerstands gegen das Militär

32. Armee-Bulletin: Nach einem Berichte des Feldmarschall-Lieutenants Baron Haynau aus Brescia vom 2. April um 5 Uhr Früh ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Österreichische Truppen unter General Haynau erobern gegen heftigsten Widerstand der Bewohner die Stadt Brescia (30. März bis 1. April 1849). Vereitelung eines ungarischen Ausbruchsversuches aus der belagerten Festung Peterwardein (1. April 1849); österreichische Besetzung von Mortara und Novara (21. und 24. März 1849)

Analysis of behavioral changes in dairy cows associated with claw horn lesions

Detecting lame cows is important in improving animal welfare. Automated tools are potentially useful to enable identification and monitoring of lame cows. The goals of this study were to evaluate the suitability of various physiological and behavioral parameters to automatically detect lameness in dairy cows housed in a cubicle barn. Lame cows suffering from a claw horn lesion (sole ulcer or white line disease) of one claw of the same hind limb (n=32; group L) and 10 nonlame healthy cows (group C) were included in this study. Lying and standing behavior at night by tridimensional accelerometers, weight distribution between hind limbs by the 4-scale weighing platform, feeding behavior at night by the nose band sensor, and heart activity by the Polar device (Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland) were assessed. Either the entire data set or parts of the data collected over a 48-h period were used for statistical analysis, depending upon the parameter in question. The standing time at night over 12 h and the limb weight ratio (LWR) were significantly higher in group C as compared with group L, whereas the lying time at night over 12 h, the mean limb difference (△weight), and the standard deviation (SD) of the weight applied on the limb taking less weight were significantly lower in group C as compared with group L. No significant difference was noted between the groups for the parameters of heart activity and feeding behavior at night. The locomotion score of cows in group L was positively correlated with the lying time and △weight, whereas it was negatively correlated with LWR and SD. The highest sensitivity (0.97) for lameness detection was found for the parameter SD [specificity of 0.80 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84]. The highest specificity (0.90) for lameness detection was present for Δweight (sensitivity=0.78; AUC=0.88) and LWR (sensitivity=0.81; AUC=0.87). The model considering the data of SD together with lying time at night was the best predictor of cows being lame, accounting for 40% of the variation in the likelihood of a cow being lame (sensitivity=0.94; specificity=0.80; AUC=0.86). In conclusion, the data derived from the 4-scale-weighing platform, either alone or combined with the lying time at night over 12 h, represent the most valuable parameters for automated identification of lame cows suffering from a claw horn lesion of one individual hind limb.

A ~ 32-70 K formation temperature range for the ice grains agglomerated by Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations are used to reproduce the N₂/CO ratio ranging between 1.7 x 10⁻³ and 1.6 x 10⁻² observed in situ in the Jupiter-family comet 67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67 P) by the ROSINA mass spectrometer on board the Rosetta spacecraft. By assuming that this body has been agglomerated from clathrates in the protosolar nebula (PSN), simulations are developed using elaborated interatomic potentials for investigating the temperature dependence of the trapping within a multiple-guest clathrate formed from a gas mixture of CO and N₂ in proportions corresponding to those expected for the PSN. By assuming that 67 P agglomerated from clathrates, our calculations suggest the cometary grains must have been formed at temperatures ranging between ~ 31.8 and 69.9 K in the PSN to match the N₂/CO ratio measured by the ROSINA mass spectrometer. The presence of clathrates in Jupiter-family comets could then explain the potential N₂ depletion (factor of up to ~ 87 compared to the protosolar value) measured in 67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Streiks und Aussperrungen in Palästina im Jahre 1931/32

M. Nemirowski