Estudo in vitro do efeito da interferência por RNA (RNAi) na replicação do vírus da hepatite C

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cepa bacteriana modificada e uso da mesma

The present invention relates to a mutant of Salmonella gallinarum that is defective in the CobS and CbiA (SGCobSCbiA) genes, which are associated with the production of cobalamin by the bacterium in anaerobic conditions, for use as vaccines. The present invention also relates to the use of said mutant Salmonella gallinarum strain for inducing protection in birds against infection by the homologous natural strain and Salmonella enteritidis strain by means of a vaccine.

Ocorrência do subtipo B do vírus da imunodeficiência felina em gatos domésticos da região sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

In Brazil there are few studies on the occurrence of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection and its subtypes, which are essential for the development of vaccines and new diagnostic tests. The present study investigated the occurrence of the FIV infection between 2010 and 2011 in domestic cats submitted to medical attendance in the city of Pelotas and nearby area. Total blood samples of seventy cats, suspected (28) or not (42) of infection by FIV were analyzed by nested PCR in order to perform a diagnosis. The results pointed to a FIV infection frequency of 15.7% (11/70) and the analysis of the risk factors related to infection (sex, age and clinical condition) evidenced a greater occurrence in cats up to 10 years of age with chronic and recurrent infections. Eight samples found positive by nested PCR were submitted to DNA sequencing indicating that only the subtype B was detected in the studied region.

Padronização do Elisa indireto e Western Blot para diagnóstico da artrite-encefalite caprina

Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is routinely diagnosed with the Agarose Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) technique, which is considered to have low sensitivity. The objective of this study was to standardize testing i-Elisa and Western Blot for early detection of antibodies against CAEV in goats and compare the results obtained in these tests with proof of AGID. For standardization of i-Elisa and WB, different concentrations and dilutions of antigen, sera and conjugate were used. In the i-Elisa, rigid microplate with 96 wells was adopted, and the combination that showed the best result was a concentration of 0.5µg/ well of antigen and dilutions of the serum of 1:100 and conjugate of 1:1500. In the WB nitrocellulose membranes were used, and the dilutions of the serum were defined at 1:50 and conjugate at 1:15000. To evaluate the performance of the techniques, 222 goat serum samples were tested and the data were compared with the AGID. The sensitivity and specificity of Elisa-i/IDGA, WB/AGID and WB/Elisa-i were 70% and 91%, 100% and 72.6%, 84.6% and 76.5%, concomitantly. The Kappa index of these tests was 0.35, 0.2 and 0.36, respectively. The i-Elisa and WB techniques were more sensitive than the AGID and can be used as tools for early diagnosis of CAE.

Resposta imune de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) vacinadas contra Streptococcus agalactiae

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. e Brucella spp. em equiídeos da região Sul do Brasil abatidos em matadouro-frigorífico

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Epidemiologia molecular das estirpes LaSota e São João do Meriti do vírus da Doença de Newcastle

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Anticorpos naturais e infecção: anticorpos naturais na doença de Chagas e na paracoccidioidomicose

Using ELISA technique, natural antibodies against self and non self antigens were determined in 80 patients chronically intected by T. cruzi and 40 individuals suffering from a deep mycosis frequentely found in Latin Amarica (Paracoccidioidomycosis - PCM). Two forms of PCM were investigated: adult forms and juvenil type of disease. Eighty percent (80%) of the former group had significantly elevated anti-laminin antibody levels (M=4.7,SD±1.8) compared with healthy controls and different specificities of antibody were associated with anti-laminin in pathological sera. A notable binding to cytoskeletal proteins was observed, specially with band 3 and their peptides derivates, such as 62 kDa peptide. By means of Protein A chromatography we were able to show that natural anti-Gal antibodies may be bound by their Fab region to other immunoglobulins and/or to Protein A by alternative sites of binding. The finding of lgG anti-Gal antibodies in circulating immune complexes isolated from chagasic sera supported the first alternative. However, it is possible that some of lgG anti-Gal antibodies, belong to VH111 subgroup of immunoglobulins, that bind directly to Protein A. Among the 40 sera from PCM examined, the majority was considered as not exhibiting a signilicantly higher binding than normal sera to antigens tested. However thirty percent (30%) of the chronic patients had an increased levels of natural antibodies at least for one specificity such as actyn, myosin and Gala1,3Gal epitopes. ln juvenil type of PCM the mean value found for actyn was also increased 2,42 (range 1,0 to 5,3). Utilizing the polyethylene glicol precipitation the presence of circulating immune complexes was investigated in PCM sera. Specific antibodies for soluble antigens from P. brasiliensis and natural antibodies against myoglobin, myosin and Gala1,3 Gal epitopes were characterized

Desenvolvimento de biossensor eletroquímico para diagnóstico de dengue

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Busca de antígenos para diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina: potencial uso e aplicação da proteína rLc36

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Técnicas e perspectivas de tratamentos imunoterápicos em câncer

Não disponível

Efeito modulador da estratégia vacinal BCG/DNAhsp65 na encefalite autoimune experimental(EAE)

Tanto o BCG (Bacilo de Calmette-Guérin) quanto a DNAhsp65 são vacinas contra tuberculose, porém além da atividade protetora desejável ambas apresentam atividade imunomoduladora. Seguindo a linha de pesquisa de nosso laboratório que investiga a atividade da DNAhsp65 sobre doenças autoimunes, avaliamos o efeito da associação destas vacinas sob a forma de uma estratégia vacinal tipo prime-boost (priming com BCG seguida de booster com DNAhsp65), sobre o desenvolvimento da Encefalite Autoimune Experimental (EAE), que é modelo animal de esclerose múltipla. Ratos Lewis fêmeas foram divididos em grupos de 5 a 6 animais (salina, BCG, EAE, BCG/EAE, BCG/vetor/EAE e BCG/vacina/EAE) e imunizados em intervalos de 15 dias. Os animais receberam um primming com 2 - 10 x 105 unidades formadoras de colônias de BCG subcutâneo seguido de dois boosters com 300 g de pVAXhsp65 numa solução de sacarose 25% por via intramuscular. A EAE foi induzida 15 dias após a última imunização, por inoculação de 25 g de proteína básica de mielina (MBP) associada ao Adjuvante Completo de Freund contendo Mycobacterium butyricum. Aqueles que não receberam os inóculos descritos foram injetados com salina, exceto o grupo BCG/vetor/EAE que recebeu 300 g de pVAX (vetor plasmidial vazio) também em solução de sacarose. Os animais foram acompanhados diariamente até serem submetidos à eutanásia, 3 semanas mais tarde, durante a fase de recuperação da doença para avaliação da resposta imune, escore clínico e presença de infiltrado inflamatório no SNC. A evolução clínica da EAE foi similar entre animais vacinados e não vacinados, mas a análise histopatológica revelou que a imunização prévia com BCG ou BCG/DNAhsp65 diminui o processo inflamatório. No cérebro foi observada redução acentuada do processo inflamatório nos grupos BCG/EAE, ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Immunomodulatory effects of low dose chemotherapy and perspectives of combanation with immunotherapy

Nowadays cancer is one of the main causes of death and many efforts worldwide have been driven to find out new treatments and approaches in order to extinguish or reduce this group of disorder. Chemotherapy is the main treatment for cancer, however, conventional schedule based on maximum tolerated dose (MTD) show several side effects and frequently allow the development of drug resistance. In this review we present the evidence that metronomic chemotherapy, based on the frequent administration of low or intermediate doses of chemotherapeutics is as efficient as MTD and works better in some situations. Finally, we present some data indicating that noncytotoxic concentrations of antineoplastic agents are able to both up-regulate the immune system and increase the susceptibility of tumor cells to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Taken together, data from the literature provide us the evidence that low concentrations of selected chemotherapeutics agents, rather than conventional high doses, should be chosen for combination with immunotherapy

Atividade citotóxica e apoptótica de nitensidina A e B em células de carcinoma cervical imortalizadas pelo Papiloma Vírus Humano (HPV) e não infectadas

Câncer cervical é o segundo tipo mais comum em mulheres no mundo. Estudos apontam que a presença de certos tipos do HPV desempenha um papel central na formação do câncer. Apesar do grande sucesso da prevenção do câncer uterino com vacinas, o uso de produtos naturais para o tratamento de doenças é crescente e de grande importância econômica. Alcalóides guanidínicos isolados de Pterogyne nitens representam uma potencial fonte de novos tratamentos. O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi avaliar a atividade apoptótica induzida em células de carcinoma cervical infectadas (SiHa) e não infectadas pelo HPV (C33-A), tratadas com nitensidinas A e B, isoladas de folhas de Pterogyne nitens Tul. A citotoxicidade dos alcalóides foi avaliada utilizando o método de MTT. Para avaliar quantitativamente a apoptose e necrose celular, foi executado o ensaio de Anexina V por citometria de fluxo. Ambas as substâncias, nitensidinas A e B, apresentaram efeito citotóxico concentração-resposta em ambas as linhagens testadas (SiHa e C33A) e nos dois tempos de tratamento (24 horas e 48 horas). Não foi observada significância estatística quando comparados os perfis de ação citotóxica das duas substâncias em teste (nitensidinas A e B), em nenhuma das linhagens testadas (SiHa e C33A) e em nenhum dos dois tempos de tratamento (24 horas e 48 horas). Ambas as substâncias, nitensidina A e nitensidina B, apresentaram efeito indutor de apoptose precoce e, em menor número, de apoptose tardia/ necrose, em ambas as linhagens testadas (SiHa e C33A) e nos dois tempos de tratamento (24 horas e 48 horas)

Retroviroses em felinos domésticos

The retrovirus are recognized as pathogenic group of virus for domestic animals. The particularitities of these viruses are the necessity of the enzyme transcriptase reversa, for the conversion of the viral RNA in viral DNA (provirus) and the incorporation in the DNA of the cell, what it confers to the infection the lifetime character, due to all the infected cells present the provirus our DNA. Among the retroviruses in domestic felines, the leukaemia and immunossupressive virus represent the more important diseases. The main form of transmission of the virus of the FeLV is occur by close contact and the saliva presents high viral concentration. For the FIV, the main form of transmission is represented by wounds of bite. The retrovírus, replicate mainly in high metabolization cells. The infection for FeLV cause mieloproliferativas and degenerative illnesses, while the FIV are related imunossupressora illness. The treatment for these retroviroses is symptomatic associated to imunomodulatory drugs, none of these drugs are capable to eliminate the virus. For the prevention of these retrovirus are used vaccines. However only the vaccine against FeLV have showed efficiency. Thus , the more important measures in control of these diseases is prevent the contact between infected and health felines. The ain of present study was reviewed the more important aspects of retroviruses in domestic felines, with emphasis to virulence properties, epidemiology, fisiopathogeny, clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis, therapy, and control measures