935 resultados para modulação autonômica dafrequência cardíaca
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Anemia is a prevalent comorbidity and marker of a poorer prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). Its clinical relevance, as well as its pathophysiology and the clinical management of these patients are important subjects in the specialized literature. In the present review, we describe the current concepts on the pathophysiology of anemia in HF, its diagnostic criteria, and the recommendations for iron supplementation. Also, we make a critical analysis of the major studies showing evidences on the benefits of this supplementation. The four main components of anemia are addressed: chronic disease, dilutional, renal and malabsorption. In patients with HF, the diagnostic criteria are the same as those used in the general population: serum ferritin levels lower than 30 mcg/L in patients without kidney diseases and lower than 100 mcg/L or serum ferritin levels between 100-299 mcg/L with transferring saturation lower than 20% in patients with chronic kidney diseases. Finally, the therapeutic possibilities for anemia in this specific patient population are discussed.
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BACKGROUND: Intervention studies have shown an increased mortality in patients who received beta-carotene. However, the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon are still unknown. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the influence of beta-carotene on oxidative stress and the expression of connexin 43 in rat hearts. METHODS: Wistar rats, weighing approximately 100 g, were allocated in two groups: Control Group (n=30), that received the diet routinely used in our laboratory, and Beta-Carotene Group (n = 28), which received beta-carotene (in crystal form, added and mixed to the diet) at a dose of 500 mg of beta-carotene/kg of diet. The animals received the treatment until they reached 200-250g, when they were sacrificed. Samples of blood, liver and heart were collected to perform Western blotting and immunohistochemistry for connexin 43; morphometric studies, dosages of beta-carotene by high-performance liquid chromatography as well as reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione and lipids hydroperoxides were performed by biochemical analysis. RESULTS: Beta-carotene was detected only in the liver of Beta-Carotene Group animals (288 ± 94.7 µg/kg). Levels of reduced/oxidized glutathione were higher in the liver and heart of Beta-Carotene Group animals (liver - Control Group: 42.60 ± 1.62; liver - Beta-Carotene Group: 57.40 ± 5.90; p = 0.04; heart: - Control Group: 117.40 ± 1.01; heart - Beta-Carotene Group: 121.81 ± 1.32 nmol/mg protein; p = 0.03). The content of total connexin 43 was larger in Beta-Carotene Group. CONCLUSION: Beta-carotene demonstrated a positive effect, characterized by the increase of intercellular communication and improvement of anti-oxidizing defense system. In this model, mechanism does not explain the increased mortality rate observed with the beta-carotene supplementation in clinical studies. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2013; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The literature indicates stress as a response of the organism to a stimulation that requires enormous efforts to adapt to the changes in the environment and the body. When an individual is subjected to stress, the autonomic nervous system is triggered, the sympathetic pathway is activated, and the parasympathetic system is suppressed, which exerts several effects on the cardiovascular system and affects heart rate variability. This research aimed to conduct a literature review to find and analyze the studies that address clearly the implications of stress on heart rate variability. The methodology employed was an active search in the databases SciELO, PubMed and Lilacs. The results were five articles, most of which suggest a relationship between stress and heart rate variability. We observed that the majority of the studies indicated a strong association between stress and cardiac autonomic activity. The stress is present in the daily activities of the population, especially in labor. The subject is vast, however, were observed in the references the effects of stress on the body making it vulnerable to diseases. Thus, this information may contribute to the aid of preventive strategies against stress and diseases of the cardiovascular system.
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INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the effects of musical auditory stimulation on cardiac autonomic regulation in subjects who enjoy and who do not enjoy the music. METHOD: The study was performed in young women (18-27 years old) divided in two groups (1) volunteers who enjoyed the music and (2) volunteers who did not enjoy the music. Linear indices of heart rate variability were analyzed in the time domain. The subjects were exposed to a musical piece (Pachelbel: Canon in D Major) during 10 minutes. Heart rate variability was analyzed at rest with no music and during musical auditory stimulation. RESULTS: In the group that enjoyed the music the standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN) was significantly reduced during exposure to musical auditory stimulation. We found no significant changes for the other linear indices. The group composed of women who did not enjoy the music did not present significant cardiac autonomic responses during exposure to musical auditory stimulation. CONCLUSION: Women who enjoyed the music presented a significant cardiac autonomic response consisting of a reduction in heart rate variability induced by the musical auditory stimulation. Those who did not enjoy the musical piece presented no such response.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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INTRODUCTION: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) could be investigated in a noninvasive way by the heart rate variability analysis (HRV) which has contributed to several health areas such as physiotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To gather information regarding the use of HRV on physiotherapy aims at providing an update of the findings for the area on journals of national circulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The journals of national circulation classified as greater than B2 or B2 and with free access and complete texts in some internet sites were searched on 21 area WebQualis resulting on selection of Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia, Fisioterapia e Pesquisa and Fisioterapia em Movimento using the keywords: autonomic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system, physiotherapy and heart rate variability. RESULTS: The search resulted in 19 articles being 17 clinical trials and two case reports. CONCLUSION: The HRV has been used as a resource of interventions evaluation, as pathological conditions common to clinical practice investigation and to physiological conditions interpretation in physiotherapy. The HRV is principally used to the cardiorespiratory specialty of physiotherapy.
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Atualmente são conhecidas aproximadamente 10.000 substâncias do metabolismo secundário de invertebrados e microorganismos marinhos. Dentre os organismos marinhos estudados do ponto de vista químico e farmacológico, destacam-se, as esponjas, as ascídias, os briozoários e os octocorais. No entanto, pouco se sabe quanto ao potencial imunomodulador de compostos isolados de microrganismos marinhos, em especial daqueles isolados da costa brasileira. A propriedade anti-inflamatória de diferentes extratos brutos foi inicialmente avaliada pelo potencial destes compostos quanto à inibição da produção de óxido nítrico (NO) em linhagem de macrófagos, RAW 264.7. Posteriormente as amostras que se mostraram promissoras foram também avaliadas em relação ao potencial imunomodulador quanto a expressão de moléculas de superfície relacionadas migração (Mac-1 ou CD11b) e ativação celular (CD80 e CD86) em linhagens de macrófagos estimulados com LPS. Nossos resultados mostram que dentre as 289 amostras testadas apenas o extrato DLM33 e as substâncias Ma(M3%)J-MeOH e Dr(M3%)6-MeOH/H2O foram inicialmente considerados promissores quanto capacidade de inibir a síntese de NO por macrófagos. O extrato DLM33 foi capaz de de modular apenas a porcentagem de macrófagos positivos para CD80 na presença de LPS. No entanto, a substância Dr(M3%)6-MeOH/H2O não se mostrou eficiente quanto a modulação da expressão de moléculas de superfície Mac-1, CD80 e CD86. Surpreendentemente, a substância Ma(M3%)J-MeOH apresentou um potencial imunoestimulador quanto a expressão de Mac-1+/CD80+, mas não de CD86, em macrófagos sugerindo um possível efeito adjuvante desta substância. O efeito imunoestimulador da substância Ma(M3%)J-MeOH será futuramente investigado utilizando diferentes abordagens in vitro e in vivo para validar os resultados obtidos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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The aim of this study is to analyze the vocalizations of Dendropsophus nanus and its responses to the dominant frequencies of conspecific calls. There were made playback experiments by broadcasting calls of different dominant frequencies towards particular individuals, while their behavioral responses were registered. The results suggest that the playbacks cause behavioral complexity and aggressiveness to increase.
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Introdução: A variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) descreve o comportamento dos intervalos RR que está relacionado às ações do sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) sobre o nódulo sinusal. Essa pode ser influenciada por diversos fatores dentre eles a obesidade, doença de etiologia multifatorial definida como um acúmulo excessivo de gordura corporal. Objetivo: Avaliar em jovens obesos com idade entre 18 e 23 anos o comportamento autonômico cardíaco, durante o repouso, por meio da análise linear e não linear dos índices da VFC bem como associá-lo a eventos de desconforto músculoesquelético influenciados ou não pela prática regular de exercício físico nessa população. Metodologia: Para a realização deste estudo foram analisados dados de 68 voluntários jovens, de ambos os sexos, distribuídos de forma não randomizada em dois grupos: o G1 constituído por 32 obesos, 20,21 ± 1,66 anos e o G2 por 36 não obesos, 20,8 ± 1,47 anos sendo considerado como critério de classificação dos voluntários o índice de massa corpórea (IMC). O protocolo experimental consistiu da captação da frequência cardíaca batimento a batimento, por meio de uma cinta de captação fixada no tórax do voluntário juntamente com um receptor de frequência cardíaca fixado no punho. Para esta captação o voluntário foi orientado a permanecer em repouso na posição de decúbito dorsal sobre um colchonete, durante 30 minutos, com a respiração espontânea. Além disso, foram aplicados dois questionários, ou seja: versão curta do International Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ) - Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física, a fim de classificar o nível de atividade física e o Questionário Nórdico, para detectar eventuais sintomas osteomusculares decorrentes das atividades de vida diária e/ou atividades física. Os índices da VFC analisados foram: análise linear... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)