451 resultados para macrocyclic lactones
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A comparative phytochemical study between pericarps of Iryanthera lancifolia and Virola surinamensis showed that the first one contains a new pair of epimeric 2-alkenyl-gamma-lactones, besides an aryltetralinic lignan and one tocotrienol, while the second species contains the lignans, galgravin and veraguensin, seven juruenolides: juruenolides C, D, F, G and epi-juruenolides D, F, G, together with three pairs of epimeric aliphatic 2-alkenyl-gamma-lactones. Juruenolide F, epi-juruenolides D, F, G and the 2-alkenyl-gamma-lactones are new natural compounds. (C) 1998 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Communiols E-H (1-4), four new polyketide-derived natural products containing furanocyclopentane, furanocyclopentene, cyclopentene, or γ-lactone moieties, have been isolated from two geographically distinct isolates of the coprophilous fungus Podospora communis. The structures of these compounds were determined by analysis of NMR and MS data. © 2005 American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy.
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Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites which can transmit several diseases to the host during their feeding process. When ticks mechanically damage the tissue, they eventually induce inflammatory responses on the skin spot where they are fixed. One of the alternatives to control these ectoparasites is the use of chemical substances like selamectin - the active principle of Pfizer's antiparasitic Revolution® - a macrocyclic lactone capable of doing neurotoxic damage to the tick and eventually eliminating infestation in dogs and cats. The purpose of this study was to analyze, using histological and histochemical techniques, the occurrence of morphophysiological alterations in the skin of the host rabbits exposed to selamectin and infested with Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae). Histologically, the exposed and infested rabbits showed a partial and/or total decrease in the stratum corneum and the epithelium decreased in the number of cell layers, consequently reducing the stratification (thinning) and quite pronounced formations of sub-epidermal edemas with consequent disorganization of collagen fibers in the dermal layer's connective tissue. Histochemical tests showed strong periodic acid-Schiff-positive reaction in the hair follicle and some regions of the dermis, besides resynthesis of collagen fibers detected by Mallory's trichrome technique. The obtained results showed that selamectin acts like a toxicant agent when in contact with the skin of the rabbit infested with ticks, inducing morphophysiological alterations in the acute inflammatory process in the animal's tegument. Selamectin is a chemical substance which has a dose-dependent action since higher concentrations cause greater morphophysiological damage in the skin of rabbits. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA
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Pós-graduação em Química - IBILCE
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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A artemisinina é uma substância extraída da planta chinesa Artemisia annua L., sendo bastante utilizada na medicina natural como um terapêutico em várias patologias. Já o artemer é uma substância sintetizada a partir da artemisinina. Estas drogas se enquadram em um grupo especial de moléculas denominadas de lactonas sesquiterpênicas sendo amplamente administradas na terapêutica da malária. Embora sejam considerados eficientes anti-maláricos, muito pouco se sabe sobre os efeitos genotóxicos e citotóxicos destes fármacos. Portanto, no presente trabalho, avaliamos os efeitos citotóxicos, genotóxicos e mutagênicos da artemisinina e do artemeter em cultura de linfócitos humanos por meio do ensaio cometa, do teste do micronúcleo e do ensaio de citotoxicidade para detecção de necrose e apoptose por marcação fluorescente diferencial com laranja de acridina/brometo de etídio (LA/BE), respectivamente. Nossos resultados demonstraram um aumento significativo (p<0,05) no índice de dano do DNA avaliado pelo ensaio do cometa, bem como na frequência de micronúcleos em ambas as substâncias testadas. Foi observado também, que apenas a artemisinina induziu um aumento estatisticamente significativo (p<0.05) no número de células necróticas nos linfócitos em 48 h de tratamento. Desta forma, demonstrou-se em nosso trabalho, que estas duas drogas exercem efeitos citotóxicos, genotóxicos e mutagênicos em culturas de linfócitos humanos, nas condições avaliadas. Nossos dados apontam a necessidade de cautela no uso de tais medicamentos, uma vez que efeitos genotóxicos/mutagênicos podem aumentar o risco de carcinogênese.
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV
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Many people who live in the cerrado regions use plant species for therapeutic purposes. However, due to intensive extraction of some species, native botanical populations are at risk of disappearing or suffering a dramatic decrease, such as, for instance, individuals of the Lychnophora genus. This has 24 species distributed into the categories vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, and possibly extinct. These individuals are known in folk medicine as “arnica” and their leaves and flowers are commonly used as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and healing agents. The chemical profile of the genus is characterized by the presence of sesquiterpene lactones, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, polyacetylenes, and caryophyllene derivatives which also have lignans with analgesic activity. Studies with Lychnophora species show significant results with regard to their biological activities against Leishmania amazonensis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Tripanosoma cruzi. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a survey of the morphology, chemical composition, and biological activity, as well as the use and current conservation status of the Lychnophora genus in Brazil.