Milton a poem in 2 books: influência e afluência na linguagem poético-visual de William Blake

Sob a influência de seu predecessor mais forte, John Milton, o poeta, pintor e gravurista William Blake reage a essa influência incorporando-a dinamicamente à sua poesia. Porém, a reação à influência poética é mais abrangente que a incorporação do Paradise Lost, de John Milton, ao seu poema Milton: a Poem in Two Books e conduz o autor a criar uma linguagem poética na qual as referências extratextuais verbais e visuais são transferidas, por meio de metalinguagem, para o interior do próprio poema. Sem referências claras para ajudá-lo, o leitor é induzido a criar suas referências subjetivas e dar sentido ao texto, transformando-se, assim, de leitor passivo, em leitor/criador ativo. Palavras-chave: William Blake; iluminuras; John Milton; influência; reação; sistema verbal/visual.

Uma Análise sobre o consumo atual de drogas

The article analyses some characteristics of drug consumption at this moment. Two sources of data are used: interviews made, between 2005 and 2008, with addicts and two narratives about drugs, released by the published market (Arti cial Paradise by Charles Baudelaire and !e Last Opium Dem by Nick Tosches). Two concepts are priorized: boredom and insu"ciency vexatious. By them, the article shows that nowadays capitalism dynamic, centred in the continuous production of past devaluation and in the impulse toward a triumphant competitivity, it is impoverishing coletive life and it is spreading out on a large scale the use of psicoactive substances.

Caracterização do uso da terra em diferentes épocas na bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão paraíso- são manuel sp, por meio de sistemas de informações geográficas

This study aimed to evaluate a period of 38 years, the use and soil occupation of the Paradise River watershed, inserted in the citys of São Manuel and Areiópolis-SP using aerial photographs for the year 1972 and TM image (Thematic Mapper) obtained by the Landsat-5 satellite, in 2010, using geoprocessing techniques. The watershed in question is very important for the city of São Manuel-SP, because its urban area is inserted in its divisors which part of it belongs to the Environmental Protection Area (APA) Perimeter Botucatu-SP, considered a recharge area of the aquifer Guarani. Today, the development of agriculture faces challenges, which is to produce more food without impacting the environment. Allied to this concern, research institutions have sought new technologies that allow the detection and quantification of human actions, enabling interventions in order to minimize possible damage to the environment. Among these technologies can be cited Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which a large volume of data and information stored in a region at different times can be evaluated in the same time, suggesting different approaches to the planning of land use. The results of the mapping of areas of use and soil occupation result nine classes in 1972, and the coffee culture showed the biggest occupation (37.94%) of the total area. The 2010 mapping formulated twelve classes of use, which demonstrated the predominance of sugar cane (37.94%), on the areas occupied by coffee and pasture before. The land use maps of 1972 and 2010 showed results that show intense human activity in the modification of natural landscape.

Genus: Strelitzia

This review aimed to show the importance of Strelitzia in Floriculture. The genus named after the duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, birthplace of Queen Charlotte of United Kingdom. A commom name of the genus is bird of paradise flower, because of a supposed resemblance of its flowers to the bird of paradise. In this context, it is currently a growing interest in exotic cultures, with tropical characteristics, such as species of the family Strelitziaceae. Thus, it was observed that the production of agricultural activity, Strelitzia is one of increasing social and economic importance in the world.

Locus Amoenus vs. Locus Terribilis: The Spatial Dynamics of the Pastoral and the Urban in La Ceppède’s Théorèmes

The opening sonnets of Jean de La Ceppède’s Théorèmes (1613, 1622) present an urban vs. rural conflict that mirrors the dialectic between sin and salvation running throughout the work. La Ceppède’s focus for this struggle becomes the stark contrast between Jerusalem and the garden at the Mount of Olives. Jerusalem, as the place where Christ is persecuted and eventually tried, represents a Babylon-like enclave of transgression, while the garden is portrayed as a site of purity and tranquil reflection. From a literary standpoint, La Ceppède’s emphasis on the clash between dystopian and utopian settings comprises part of his adaptation of the pastoral, where this particular struggle becomes one of the genre’s principal motifs. In general, the contrast between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives emerges as the point of departure for the poet’s figuration of nature, both human and physical. A human construct, the city of Jerusalem becomes a metaphor for human corruption. In view of humanity’s fall in paradise and the denaturation it symbolizes, the poet’s goal, on both intellectual and affective levels, is to place the reader/dévot in a position to lift her/himself from the depravity of human nature to the grace of divine nature.

Nutrients and Nonessential Elements in Soil after 11 Years of Wastewater Irrigation

Irrigation of citrus (Citrus aurantium L. x Citrus paradise Macf.) with urban reclaimed wastewater (RWW) can be economical and conserve fresh water. However, concerns remain regarding its deleterious effects on soil quality. We investigated the ionic speciation (ISP) of RWW and potential impacts of 11 yr of irrigation with RWW on soil quality, compared with well-water (WW) irrigation. Most of nutrients (similar to 53-99%) in RWW are free ionic species and readily available for plant uptake, such as: NH4+, NO3-, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, H3BO3, Cl-, Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+, whereas more than about 80% of Cu, Cr, Pb, and Al are complexed with CO3-, OH-, and/or organic matter. The RWW irrigation increased the availability and total concentrations of nutrients and nonessential elements, and soil salinity and sodicity by two to three times compared with WW-irrigated soils. Although RWW irrigation changed many soil parameters, no difference in citrus yield was observed. The risk of negative impacts from RWW irrigation on soil quality appears to be minimal because of: (i) adequate quality of RWW, according to USEPA limits; (ii) low concentrations of metals in soil after 11 yr of irrigation with RWW; and (iii) rapid leaching of salts in RWW-irrigated soil during the rainy season.

Traduzione del primo canto dell'inferno dantesco in arabo

In this thesis, I have chosen to translate from Italian into Arabic Canto I of the Inferno, from Dante Alighieri’s epic poem the Divine Comedy (La Divina Commedia) because it’s a masterpiece in both Italian and world literature. Also I have selected it for its artistic value and the universal themes that it depicts. In fact, my purpose in translating this great work into Arabic is to extol the cultural and universal aspects that can be common to human beings everywhere. My paper is written in Arabic and has six sections: A brief introduction on Dante’s life, an introduction to the Divine Comedy, a summary of Canto 1 of the Inferno and its analysis, Canto I of the Inferno in Italian, its translation into Arabic and finally a comment on the translation. The first part -a summary of Dante’s life was presented. The second part of my paper is an introduction to the Divine Comedy, the allegorical epic poem, consisting of three parts: The Inferno (Hell), Purgatorio (Purgatory), and Paradiso (Paradise). The third part is a summary and analysis of Canto 1 of the Inferno, Dante’s most renowned verses. The analysis of Canto highlights the everlasting conflict of man– sinning and giving in to temptation but then trying to repent and search for his soul’s salvation. He reflects on sin, existence, truth, God, love and salvation in his struggle through the dark and gloomy forest which symbolizes conflict and temptations man may succumb to. The influence of Christianity and the Middle ages here shows his commitment to religion and faith. Moreover, his meeting of Virgil, who guides him to the mountain during his journey to salvation, reflects the positive impact of Virgil’s philosophy on Dante. The fourth part presents the Italian version of Canto 1 of the Inferno. The fifth section of my paper is the translation of Canto 1 of the Inferno from Italian to Arabic. Translating an excerpt of Dante’s masterpiece was not an easy task: I had to consult several critique texts besides the Italian source text with explanations, and also some English versions to overcome any translation difficulties. As a student of translation, my goal was to be faithful in relaying to the Arabic audience the authenticity of Dante’s work, his themes, passions and aesthetic style. Finally, I present a conclusion including a comment on the translation and the bibliography of the sources I have consulted.

Synthesis of 1,1'-(Hexane-1,6-Diyl)Bis(5-Oxopyrrolidine-3-Carboxylic Acid) as a Monomer for a Polyanhydride Drug Delivery System

Polyanhydrides have been given much attention in the literature recently because of their desirable properties as controlled drug delivery solutions. Drug therapies could be loaded into a polyanhydride matrix and protected from denaturation and removal from the body while being slowly eluted as the polyanhydride degraded yielding a tailorable concentration profile in the bloodstream at therapeutic levels. To that end, this report discusses the synthesis of a novel monomer for polyanhydride synthesis: 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid) henceforth known as CPyH monomer for (carboxypyrrolidone)hexane monomer.

Prometheus on Mars: Nineteenth-Century Science Fiction and the Language of Romanticism

The development of astrophysics in the nineteenth century drew mankind closer to the planets. For the first time, it was possible to give serious scientific consideration to the possibilities for life on other planets. The greatest leap, however, was in recognizing what was not known, and acknowledging the limits of human intuition. ‘Ideas,’ wrote Agnes M. Clerke, ‘have all at once become plastic’. As the scientific community tested the limits of scientific understanding, it became the role of science-fiction writers to imagine the universe beyond these limits. This paper will examine the ways in which nineteenth-century science fiction used the inheritance of the poetic language of Romanticism to reinstate the centrality of human being in the universe. I will explore the ways in which writers such as Edward Bulwer-Lytton (The Coming Race, 1871) and W. S. Lach-Szyrma (Aleriel, 1883) extended the Byronic hero to envisage extra-terrestrial utopias. The Hegelian systematic mythology described by Byron and Shelley had reimagined paradise and redemption on earth. Through science fiction, this mythology extended out towards the stars. A discourse on the possibilities of extra-terrestrial life became a Romantic discourse on the possibilities of being. The Byronic hero could now find a home not by escaping the shackles of religion, but as an angelic citizen of Venus or Mars. In this way, the paper will explore how science-fiction writers appropriated the language of Romantic poetry to build a bridge between the framework of scientific knowledge and the extent of human imagination.

Evaluación de extractos cetónicos de paraíso, eucalipto y ricino sobre Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae)

En el cultivo de pimiento, Myzus persicae es una plaga cuyo manejo se basa en el uso de agroquímicos de síntesis. Una alternativa de menor impacto ambiental para su control es la aplicación de extractos naturales. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de extractos provenientes de Melia azedarach, Eucalyptus globulus y Ricinus communis sobre este pulgón. Se escogió la técnica del film residual en papel de filtro, manteniendo los individuos sobre hojas de pimiento ornamental. Se utilizaron extractos acetónicos a una dilución de 10 000 ppm, con 5 individuos en cada una de las 10 réplicas de los tratamiento. Se efectuaron lecturas para mortalidad a los 30 minutos y 24, 48 y 72 horas. Los resultados se analizaron mediante ANOVA de medidas repetidas y prueba de Tukey. El extracto de eucalipto produjo una mortalidad significativa, alcanzando un máximo cercano al 50 % en promedio, para la lectura a las 72 horas. Asimismo se observó un efecto sobre la reproducción, generado por los extractos de eucalipto y ricino, aunque no pudo probarse esto estadísticamente. Para el ricino, se infiere un probable efecto de repelencia. Se propone continuar con los ensayos de extractos, ampliando la evaluación de su efecto sobre el potencial reproductivo del organismo blanco.

La novela autobiográfica en Abelardo Arias : a propósito de La vara de fuego

En el presente trabajo se analiza La vara de fuego del escritor mendocino Abelardo Arias, en tanto novela que, junto con Álamos talados, representa el filón autobiográfico de su narrativa y el eje central de su poética. En particular nos centramos en sus características principales y en el ineludible diálogo que entabla con Álamos talados (1942) y La viña estéril (1969). Obras con las cuales el autor conforma un tríptico, en el que se refracta su personalidad, y cuyas bisagras están compuestas por el juego interno de imbricación de la realidad con la ficción y de la ficción en la ficción. Asimismo, se estudia la relación simbólica entre las tres obras, basada en el mito del Edén Perdido y en la confirmación de su leit-motiv: el desencuentro humano (en el amor y en la amistad), necesario castigo luego de la bíblica caída.

Abordaje interdisciplinario a Viaje por los estados del Plata de Hermann Burmeister : parte I : abordaje desde la literatura comparada

Este trabajo es fruto de las lecturas interdisciplinarias del relato de viaje de Hermann Burmeister Viaje por los Estados del Plata" (1861) llevadas a cabo por el subproyecto "iterología mendocina" incluido en el Proyecto Argentino de Literatura Comparada. Los pasajes seleccionados ilustran significativamente la relevancia literaria, histórica y geográfica de la obra. Se trata de los capítulos VIII y IX del mismo, que abarcan el informe del viajero en diligencia desde Río Cuarto (provincia de Córdoba) hasta la descripción de los alrededores de la ciudad de Mendoza a su arribo en marzo de 1857. La particularidad metodológica de cada disciplina se ha preservado con el objetivo común de revelar los múltiples objetivos científicos del autor. Desde el punto de vista de la Literatura Comparada a mi cargo he puesto de relieve la poética del discurso iterológico de Burmeister que a su vez conduce a la valoración intrínsecamente comparatista de historia y geografía, en la configuración poética de la montaña o del estereotipo de /a ciudad de Mendoza como paraíso.

Caribe y exilio en La isla que se repite de Antonio Benítez Rojo

El presente trabajo propone una lectura del ensayo central de Antonio Benítez Rojo La isla que se repite (1989), insoslayable para abordar y reflexionar sobre las culturas caribeñas, procurando delinear una posible interpretación de la relación entre su poética y el exilio como así también analizar algunas de las elecciones que hizo como intelectual, y el modo en que imaginó el Caribe en sus ensayos. En el mapa elaborado por Benítez Rojo las islas paradisíacas figuran junto a las dominadas por la violencia y la muerte, y a veces se confunden. La Plantación y la Utopía son los temas principales. Los ensayos de La isla que se repite permiten examinar su deseo de anudarse a otras tradiciones mediante un largo rodeo a través de las ricas matrices culturales del Caribe. Fue su modo de escapar y trascender el discurso autoritario de la "nación" dominante en la historia moderna cubana.

Juego y tradición folklórica en una novela de Mario Vargas Llosa

La relación entre la tradición oral y la literatura escrita existe desde antiguo. En este caso, las cancioncillas, las retahílas que acompañan a este tradicional, y universal, juego infantil de Las cuatro esquinas sirven al novelista Mario Vargas Llosa como núcleo generador del relato El paraíso en la otra esquina a la vez que como epítome de la andadura vital de Paul Gauguin. Esta relación entre la vida y la canción nos permite profundizar en la historia del juego de Las cuatro esquinas desde sus orígenes hasta el siglo xxi

Caribe y exilio en La isla que se repite de Antonio Benítez Rojo

El presente trabajo propone una lectura del ensayo central de Antonio Benítez Rojo La isla que se repite (1989), insoslayable para abordar y reflexionar sobre las culturas caribeñas, procurando delinear una posible interpretación de la relación entre su poética y el exilio como así también analizar algunas de las elecciones que hizo como intelectual, y el modo en que imaginó el Caribe en sus ensayos. En el mapa elaborado por Benítez Rojo las islas paradisíacas figuran junto a las dominadas por la violencia y la muerte, y a veces se confunden. La Plantación y la Utopía son los temas principales. Los ensayos de La isla que se repite permiten examinar su deseo de anudarse a otras tradiciones mediante un largo rodeo a través de las ricas matrices culturales del Caribe. Fue su modo de escapar y trascender el discurso autoritario de la "nación" dominante en la historia moderna cubana.