Colpodella pugnax Cienk., Protomonas amyli Cienk., Protomonas spirogyrae Borzi and Protomonas huxleyi Haeckel [Translation from: Die Pilzthiere oder Schleimpilze (ed. W. Zopf), pp. 115-124. Breslau, Eduard Trewendt, 1885]

Morphological observations are given for Colpodella pugnax Cienk., Protomonas amyli Cienk., Protomonas spirogyrae Borzi and Protomonas huxleyi Haeckel.

Feeding of Gammarus lacustris Sars under different conditions of habitation [Translation from: [Trophic relations of freshwater invertebrates.] (ed. G. G. Vinberg) pp.94-98. Leningrad, Zool.Inst.AN SSSR, 1980]

The amphipod Gammarus lacustris, a regular representative of lacustrine communities, often plays a significant role in the transformation of matter and energy. The object of the present work was to clarify the quantitative side of the feeding of the amphipod under different conditions of habitation. Experimental works on determination of the rate of consumption of food and its dependence on body-weight were carried out in the summer periods 1975-1978 on three water-bodies of the Krasnoyarsk region, of different conditions of habitation for the amphipods.

Influence of aniline on Daphnia magna Straus [Translation from: Trudy Saratov.Otdeleniya GosNIORKh 13 102-104, 1975]

Experiments were carried out by the method of direct effect of the tested substance on increase of biomass (1,2). Daphnia magna was cultured under laboratory conditions.The author concludes that concentrations of aniline from 5000 to 0.1 mg/1 appear acutely lethal. The disturbance of feeding, reproduction, the disorganization of the nervous system, speak of the toxicity of the substance.

Descriptions of Oscillatoria agardhii, O.prolifera and O.rubescens only [Translation from: Translation from: Flora Slodkowodna Polski. Tom 2. Cyanophyta, Glaucophyta (ed. K. Starmach) p350-352. Warsaw, Polska Academia Nauk, 1966]

Short morphological observations are given for the Cyanophyceae Oscillatoria Agardhii, Oscillatoria prolifica and Oscillatoria rubescens.

Review of investigation on the feeding of the European grayling [Translation from: Flora Slodkowodna Polski. Tom 2. Cyanophyta, Glaucophyta (ed. K. Starmach) p350-352. Warsaw, Polska Academia Nauk, 1966]

The composition of the food of the European grayling and the character of its feeding has been studied fully enough, but this knowledge is scattered in the literature and often contradictory. rare exceptions, analysis of the results of different investigations. Therefore the proposed short outline of the history of the study of the problem with a description of the basic data on the feeding of the grayling in different geographical areas is presented as expedient and opportune, primarily in relation to the determination of immediate problems and the trend of research.

Chemical composition of Iraq water resources (abbreviated translation) [Translation from: Vodnye Resursy 1975(4,) 173-185]

This abbreviated translation summarises the chemical composition of Iraq water resources. Among the described water bodies are the River Euphrates, Shatt al Arab River and a number of standing waters.

Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Mull.) Bergh. 1882 [Translation from: Flora Slodkowodna Polski. Tom 4. Cryptophyceae, Dinophyceae, Raphidoiphyceae p395-400. Warsaw, Polska Academia Nauk, 1974]

Morphological observations of the dinoflagellate Ceratium hirundinella are given and a key to the difference in types provided. Illustrations are included.

Hydrillae (Hydrocharitaceae) in Europe. [translation of key to Hydrilla only] [Translation from: Goettinger Floristische Rundbriefe 14 33-56, 1980]

This partial translation of a bigger publication provides an identification key to the aquatic plant Hydrillae (Hydrocharitaceae) in Europe. Illustrations are included.

Studies on the submerged plant community in Lake Biwa. I. Distribution and productivity of Egeria densa. A submerged plant invader in the south basin [Translation from: Physiol.Ecol.Japan 17, 283-290, 1976]

Egeria densa (PLANCH.) ST. JOHN, a submerged plant invader, forms a wide submerged plant zone, particularly along the west coast of the south basin, Lake Biwa. The macrophyte occupies over 82% of the plant zone in the basin and its biomass reaches 93% of the total. The estimated annual net production was approximately 1 kg dry wt./m2 in a dense area, which is about 4.5 times as much as the net production by phytoplankton in an offshore area of the basin. Although the area covered by the macrophyte is only 5.8% of the total of the basin, it produced about one-tenth of the total annual primary production. In the most productive season Egeria produced 46% of the total primary productivity. Thus, the macrophyte never be neglected when one considers the energy flow or material circulation in the basin. This study was initiated in order to clarify the role of submerged macrophytes, particularly E. densa, in Lake Biwa. The following points are reported in this paper: the distribution of macrophytes in the south basin; seasonal change in standing crop of E. densa; seasonal change in values related to production, utilizing a model proposed by Ikushima with its parameters experimentally determined.

Avoided temperatures by young fish [Translation from: Informatsionnyi Byulleten Biologiya Vnutrennikh Vod No.50, 45-47, 1981]

Directed local changes of water temperature for the purpose of controlling the behaviour of fish are based on the knowledge of the characteristics of seasonal-age dynamics of their thermoadaptation possibilities. These possibilities are still inadequately studied especially in relation to avoided temperatures. By the authors the attempt was made to determine zones of avoided temperatures for the young of five species of fish (bream, roach, blue bream, perch, peled) in the summer period of the year, and also to assess the influence on them of additional factors, in particular mechanical driving. In parallel in two-fold repetition were conducted experiments on the determination of selected, shock and lethal temperatures of these fish. Experiments were conducted with fish, caught in the littoral of the Rybinsk reservoir.

Influence of starvation on selected temperatures in the young of bream, roach and perch [Translation from: Informatsionnyi Byulleten Biologiya Vnutrennikh Vod No.50, 45-47, 1981]

Works devoted to the influence of starvation on temperature selection by fishes are few and their conclusions are contradictory. This study determined the influence of brief, up to 14 days, starvation on temperature selection by young fishes. The experiments were carried out in August-September 1976 on fingerling bream (Abramis brama L.), roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) and perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) with body lengths of 3-5 cm and weight 0.5-1.2 g. The young fish were caught in the littoral by seine-nets or small drag-nets. Immediately after catching the fish they were put in acclimatization boxes. The period of acclimatization did not exceed 2 days for bream and roach at a temperature of 20 °C and 6 days for perch at 17 °C. Before the start of the experiment and for the first 10 days of the experiment the fish were fed with oligochaetes, earthworms and daphnia, after that feeding discontinued. At the end of a 10-14 day period the giving of food was resumed. The study concludes that the experiments have shown that in the summer season the factor of starvation significantly changes the reaction to the gradient of temperature in young cyprihids - roach and bream.

The life capacity of copepod's eggs passed through the gut of Ladoga lake Coregonus [Translation from: Zool.Journal.Moscow 29-5, 476-477, 1950]

This short paper summarises findings of experiments that were carried out using copepod eggs taken from guts of Coregonus which breeds in various Ural lakes. The study showed that copepod eggs can pass through the gut of Coregonus unharmed.

The periodicity in the consumption of oxygen in Asellus aquaticus [Translation from: Vestnik ceskoslovenske zoologicke Spolecnosti, 15, 1, 89-97, 1951]

The consumption of oxygen in Asellus aquaticus was measured to find if there existed a periodicity in the consumption of oxygen and how this showed itself during the course of the day, year and in various experimental conditions. From the figures obtained comparative values were calculated and from these curves were plotted of the changes in the consumption of oxygen during the day and year.

Some data on the predacious behaviour of tendipidae larvae [Translation from: C. R. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 111, 466-4, 1956]

A study has been made primarily of the food of the chironomid Procladius nigriventris: this includes Alona affinis, Bosmina coregoni, Camptocercus, Eucyclops serrulatus, Paracyclops fimbriatus, Acanthocyclops viridis, Harpacticoida, Diaptomus graciloides, Ostracods, Chironomus sp, Polypedilum sp and Tanytarsus sp. Chironomus larvae usually found in the gut are in their 1st or 2nd instars , though occasional 3rd instars are present. The study summarises other findings on the feeding behaviour of Procladius nigriventris.

On the number of generations of tendipes in collective ponds in Kuibyshchevskoi district [Translation from: C.R. Acad.Sci. U.R.S.S. 95, 1113-1115, 1954]

Three ponds were chosen for this study. The two lower ones were of 2 - 4 hectares in area, the depth of the littoral zone was 2.5 - 3 metres at the time of maximum flooding and the mud which covered the floor of the ponds was homogeneous and autochthonous in nature with very few vegetable remnants. The ponds which were originally set up in 1950. were intended for water supply and populated with Crucian Carp (for human consumption). A survey was done in the ponds in order to establish number and biomass of Tendipes semireductus. The author concludes that in these ponds T.semireductus has 2-3 generations per year.