Response of blood pressure to maximum exercise in hypertensive patients under different therapeutic programs

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the behavior of blood pressure during exercise in patients with hypertension controlled by frontline antihypertension drugs. METHODS: From 979ergometric tests we retrospectively selected 49 hipertensive patients (19 males). The age was 53±12 years old and normal range rest arterial pressure (<=140/90 mmHg) all on pharmacological monotherapy. There were 12 on beta blockers; 14 on calcium antagonists, 13 on diuretics and 10 on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. Abnormal exercise behhavior of blood pressure was diagnosed if anyone of the following criteria was detected: peak systolic pressure above 220 mmHg, raising of systolic pressure > or = 10 mmHg/MET; or increase of diastolic pressure greater than 15 mmHg. RESULTS: Physiologic response of arterial blood pressure occurred in 50% of patients on beta blockers, the best one (p<0.05), in 36% and 31% on calcium antagonists and on diuretics, respectively, and in 20% on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, the later the leastr one (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Beta-blockers were more effective than calcium antagonists, diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in controlling blood pressure during exercise, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors the least effective drugs.

Mesenchymal stem cells secretome as a modulator of the neurogenic niche: Basic insights and therapeutic opportunities

Neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) share few characteristics apart from self-renewal and multipotency. In fact, the neurogenic and osteogenic stem cell niches derive from two distinct embryonary structures; while the later originates from the mesoderm, as all the connective tissues do, the first derives from the ectoderm. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that stem cells isolated from one niche could form terminally differentiated cells from the other. Additionally, these two niches are associated to tissues/systems (e.g., bone and central nervous system) that have markedly different needs and display diverse functions within the human body. Nevertheless they do share common features. For instance, the differentiation of both NSCs and MSCs is intimately associated with the bone morphogenetic protein family. Moreover, both NSCs and MSCs secrete a panel of common growth factors, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), glial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), among others. But it is not the features they share but the interaction between them that seem most important, and worth exploring; namely, it has already been shown that there are mutually beneficially effects when these cell types are co-cultured in vitro. In fact the use of MSCs, and their secretome, become a strong candidate to be used as a therapeutic tool for CNS applications, namely by triggering the endogenous proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitors, among other mechanisms. Quite interestingly it was recently revealed that MSCs could be found in the human brain, in the vicinity of capillaries. In the present review we highlight how MSCs and NSCs in the neurogenic niches interact. Furthermore, we propose directions on this field and explore the future therapeutic possibilities that may arise from the combination/interaction of MSCs and NSCs.

Control of bovine mastitis: old and recent therapeutic approaches

Mastitis is defined as the inflammatory response resulting of the infection of the udder tissue and it is reported in numerous species, namely in domestic dairy animals. This pathology is the most frequent disease of dairy cattle and can be potentially fatal. Mastitis is an economically important pathology associated with reduced milk production, changes in milk composition and quality, being considered one of the most costly to dairy industry. Therefore, the majority of research in the field has focused on control of bovine mastitis and many efforts are being made for the development of new and effective anti-mastitis drugs. Antibiotic treatment is an established component of mastitis control programs; however, the continuous search for new therapeutic alternatives, effective in the control and treatment of bovine mastitis, is urgent. This review will provide an overview of some conventional and emerging approaches in the management of bovine mastitis infections.

Pre-clinical trials for Machado-Joseph Disease: Hypothesis-based and hypothesis-free therapeutic approaches

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências da Saúde

The London journal of botany : containing figures and descriptions of such plants as recommend themselves by their novelty, rarity, history, or uses : together with botanical notices and information and and occasional portraits and memoirs of eminent botanists.

v.2 (1843)

The London journal of botany : containing figures and descriptions of such plants as recommend themselves by their novelty, rarity, history, or uses : together with botanical notices and information and and occasional portraits and memoirs of eminent botanists.

v.3 (1844)

The London journal of botany : containing figures and descriptions of such plants as recommend themselves by their novelty, rarity, history, or uses : together with botanical notices and information and and occasional portraits and memoirs of eminent botanists.

v.4 (1845)

The London journal of botany : containing figures and descriptions of such plants as recommend themselves by their novelty, rarity, history, or uses : together with botanical notices and information and and occasional portraits and memoirs of eminent botanists.

v.5 (1846)

The London journal of botany : containing figures and descriptions of such plants as recommend themselves by their novelty, rarity, history, or uses : together with botanical notices and information and and occasional portraits and memoirs of eminent botanists.

v.6 (1847)

The London journal of botany : containing figures and descriptions of such plants as recommend themselves by their novelty, rarity, history, or uses : together with botanical notices and information and and occasional portraits and memoirs of eminent botanists.

v.7 (1848)

Flora vitiensis :a description of the plants of the Viti or Fiji islands, with an account of their history, uses, and properties /By Berthold Seemann; ... plates by Walter Fitch.

v. 1

Flora vitiensis :a description of the plants of the Viti or Fiji islands, with an account of their history, uses, and properties /By Berthold Seemann; ... plates by Walter Fitch.

v. 2

Evaluación del potencial ornamental de especies autóctonas del valle de Paravachasca para su introducción como cultivos regionales. Evaluation of the potential uses of native plants from the Paravachasca valley to be use for regional cultivation purposes

Numerosas áreas de las sierras chicas han experimentado una gran pérdida de vegetación natural y de germoplasma nativo como consecuencia del crecimiento urbano y de la extracción de plantas sin criterios conservacionistas. El valle de Paravachasca presenta una riqueza florística con muchas especies autóctonas de un valioso potencial ornamental. Para poder proteger la vegetación nativa es necesario conocerla y evaluarla en todos los aspectos incluyendo sus posibles usos. Esta propuesta de trabajo se fundamenta en que las especies nativas constituyen un valioso recurso natural. Por lo tanto, nuestro objetivo principal es evaluar especies autóctonas herbáceas promisorias como ornamentales para establecer parámetros de reproducción y favorecer la innovación productiva, la conservación del paisaje natural y la protección del patrimonio germoplásmico. Para cumplir con dicho objetivo se realizarán viajes en distintas estaciones del año para evaluar in situ, las especies que resulten atractivas por su follaje o floración. Se recolectará material vegetal para determinarlo, caracterizarlo y formar un banco de germoplasma. Se elaborarán fichas técnicas con las cuales evaluar la viabilidad de las semillas y se realizarán pruebas de multiplicación vegetativa. Finalmente, se seleccionarán cuatro especies para su domesticación a campo o cultivo en macetas. Todos los trabajos serán documentados con ilustraciones, fotos y gráficos. Como resultado se espera generar y proveer información sobre plantas nativas, estrategias de conservación, reproducción y cultivo de especies autóctonas; además, transferir la tecnología para estimular una producción regional. Alcanzados los niveles de conocimiento necesarios se intentará establecer vínculos de intercambio de información con otros proyectos nacionales o extranjeros. Por su parte, la transferencia, validación y difusión de los resultados obtenidos se realizará mediante cursos, seminarios, talleres -en el marco educativo- de capacitación laboral, recreativo y productivo, siendo los destinatarios directos las comunas en general y los viveristas, diseñadores de parques, inversores de turismo y aficionados a las plantas, en particular. El impacto del proyecto en el ámbito científico se reflejará en publicaciones que presenten información innovadora en relación con las ciencias agropecuarias; y, en lo social, mediante la generación de posibles fuentes de trabajo.