Écrire la souffrance de l’enfant au tournant du XXIe siècle : le récit à l’épreuve de l’innommable

Thèse réalisée en cotutelle avec l’Université Charles-de-Gaulle – Lille-3 pour l'obtention du diplôme de doctorat en Langue et littérature françaises.

De quelques livres brûlés : la représentation d'autodafés de livres au Siècle des Lumières

Ce mémoire étudie les autodafés de livres représentés dans trois textes français de la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle : l’article « Bibliomanie » (1752) de l’Encyclopédie, écrit par Jean le Rond D’Alembert, le roman l’An deux mille quatre cent quarante. Rêve s’il en fut jamais (1770) de Louis Sébastien Mercier et la comédie le Bureau d’esprit (1776-1777) de Jean-Jacques Rutlidge. Il révèle, chez ces auteurs, une critique du livre qui paradoxalement s’accompagne de sa défense. Le premier chapitre décrit succinctement la croissance de l’imprimé en France, à l’époque, l’évolution des goûts en matière de lecture, et un imaginaire du livre dans lequel entrent une impression d’envahissement et une grande admiration pour l’écrit. Les trois chapitres subséquents suivent l’ordre chronologique de parution des textes retenus et analysent les scènes de livres brûlés qu’ils contiennent. D’Alembert et Mercier, non sans réserves, aimeraient jeter au feu la majorité des livres qui les entourent. Rutlidge constitue un cas particulier : l’autodafé vise un ouvrage précis, soit une traduction française de Shakespeare. Le mémoire, en conclusion, évoque quatre textes plus récents où sont rapportés des autodafés de livres : le poème « À qui la faute ? » de Victor Hugo, le roman Fahrenheit 451 de Ray Bradbury, la pièce les Combustibles d’Amélie Nothomb et le roman les Corpuscules de Krause de Sandra Gordon. Reprenant des idées présentes chez D’Alembert, Mercier et Rutlidge, ces œuvres illustrent leur richesse.

La légende urbaine des snuff movies : histoire, théorie, esthétiques, technologies

La présente étude propose une analyse historique de la légende urbaine des snuff movies. En premier lieu, elle se penche sur l’émergence de cette rumeur dans le paysage médiatique américain des années 70 tout en focalisant sur certains objets filmiques l’ayant crédibilisée, principalement les stag et les mondo movies. Ce mémoire analyse par la suite l’influence majeure de deux événements sur l’implantation de la légende urbaine dans l’imaginaire collectif, soit l’assassinat de Sharon Tate et la circulation du film de Zapruder. Après avoir étudié la persistance de la rumeur, cet essai focalise sur la promotion et l’exploitation de Snuff (1976) en plus de proposer une analyse de ce long métrage. Ensuite, il se penche sur deux types de représentations du snuff dans le cinéma de fiction ainsi que leurs impacts sur l’authentification de la légende urbaine. Il est d’abord question des mises en scène du snuff dans le cinéma populaire qui s’inspirent de la rumeur pour ensuite l’actualiser. Sont ensuite étudiées les représentations du snuff à titre de faux documents, soit ces œuvres qui tentent par divers procédés de se faire passer pour de véritables films clandestins et, de ce fait, authentifient l’objet auquel ils se réfèrent. Puisque cette étude analyse l’évolution médiatique de la légende urbaine, elle se conclut sur son déplacement du cinéma vers Internet et de sa nouvelle crédibilisation grâce aux vidéos macabres, à la pornographie juvénile et au récent cas Magnotta.

Paule Baillargeon : cinéaste et féministe : parcours d'émancipation et de subjectivation d'une femme en robe rouge

Ce mémoire est consacré aux œuvres de fiction de la cinéaste Paule Baillargeon. Il s'agit d'examiner le processus de subjectivation, en retraçant son parcours cinématographique par l'entremise de ses longs métrages de fiction, et de voir comment elle utilise le langage cinématographique de façon singulière en permettant une prise de parole alternative devant et derrière la caméra. Alors que le cinéma dominant persiste à catégoriser les œuvres des réalisatrices québécoises de "films de femmes" ou de "cinéma de femmes", un bref survol de l'évolution générale des femmes en fiction, et de l'expérience de Baillargeon en particulier, permet de rendre compte des difficultés d'accessibilité qui persistent pour elles dans ce secteur d'activités. Par la suite, l'analyse des quatre principales œuvres de la réalisatrice - Anastasie oh ma chérie (1977), La cuisine rouge (1980), Le sexe des étoiles (1993), Trente tableaux (2011) - témoigne de la nécessité de cette prise de parole alternative, mais aussi de l'interaction entre chacun des films et une théorie féministe spécifique, issue entre autres des travaux de Luce Irigaray et Judith Butler.

La poésie cinématographique Terrence Malick et la sensation

Pour respecter les droits d’auteur, la version électronique de ce mémoire a été dépouillée de certains documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Modelling and Analysis of Some Time Series

The thesis deals with some of the non-linear Gaussian and non-Gaussian time models and mainly concentrated in studying the properties and application of a first order autoregressive process with Cauchy marginal distribution. In this thesis some of the non-linear Gaussian and non-Gaussian time series models and mainly concentrated in studying the properties and application of a order autoregressive process with Cauchy marginal distribution. Time series relating to prices, consumptions, money in circulation, bank deposits and bank clearing, sales and profit in a departmental store, national income and foreign exchange reserves, prices and dividend of shares in a stock exchange etc. are examples of economic and business time series. The thesis discuses the application of a threshold autoregressive(TAR) model, try to fit this model to a time series data. Another important non-linear model is the ARCH model, and the third model is the TARCH model. The main objective here is to identify an appropriate model to a given set of data. The data considered are the daily coconut oil prices for a period of three years. Since it is a price data the consecutive prices may not be independent and hence a time series based model is more appropriate. In this study the properties like ergodicity, mixing property and time reversibility and also various estimation procedures used to estimate the unknown parameters of the process.

Finite Element Analysis of Warship Structures

Warships are generally sleek, slender with V shaped sections and block coefficient below 0.5, compared to fuller forms and higher values for commercial ships. They normally operate in the higher Froude number regime, and the hydrodynamic design is primarily aimed at achieving higher speeds with the minimum power. Therefore the structural design and analysis methods are different from those for commercial ships. Certain design guidelines have been given in documents like Naval Engineering Standards and one of the new developments in this regard is the introduction of classification society rules for the design of warships.The marine environment imposes subjective and objective uncertainties on ship structure. The uncertainties in loads, material properties etc.,. make reliable predictions of ship structural response a difficult task. Strength, stiffness and durability criteria for warship structures can be established by investigations on elastic analysis, ultimate strength analysis and reliability analysis. For analysis of complicated warship structures, special means and valid approximations are required.Preliminary structural design of a frigate size ship has been carried out . A finite element model of the hold model, representative of the complexities in the geometric configuration has been created using the finite element software NISA. Two other models representing the geometry to a limited extent also have been created —- one with two transverse frames and the attached plating alongwith the longitudinal members and the other representing the plating and longitudinal stiffeners between two transverse frames. Linear static analysis of the three models have been carried out and each one with three different boundary conditions. The structural responses have been checked for deflections and stresses against the permissible values. The structure has been found adequate in all the cases. The stresses and deflections predicted by the frame model are comparable with those of the hold model. But no such comparison has been realized for the interstiffener plating model with the other two models.Progressive collapse analyses of the models have been conducted for the three boundary conditions, considering geometric nonlinearity and then combined geometric and material nonlinearity for the hold and the frame models. von Mises — lllyushin yield criteria with elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain curve has been chosen. ln each case, P-Delta curves have been generated and the ultimate load causing failure (ultimate load factor) has been identified as a multiple of the design load specified by NES.Reliability analysis of the hull module under combined geometric and material nonlinearities have been conducted. The Young's Modulus and the shell thickness have been chosen as the variables. Randomly generated values have been used in the analysis. First Order Second Moment has been used to predict the reliability index and thereafter, the probability of failure. The values have been compared against standard values published in literature.

Studies on Polymer Bound Antioxidants

The primary aim of this work has been to prepare efficient and cost effective polymer bound antioxidants by direct’ attachment of conventional antioxidants to a modified polymer. Due to the importance and easy availability of natural rubber in Kerala, it is proposed to make use of low molecular weight natural rubber as the polymer substrate for binding the antioxidant in most cases. The molecular weight of such low molecular weight natural rubber can be easily manipulated by varying the time of mastication, UV—irradiation etc. Further, the bound antioxidant may also get vulcanized during the vulcanization of the elastomer to which it is added, making the antioxidant non—volatile and non extractable. Several methods are proposed to be investigated for attaching the antioxidant to the low molecular weight natural rubber such as modified Friedel-Craft's alkylation reaction, binding during UV—irradiation, binding during aggressive mastication etc. The efficiency of such rubber bound antioxidants is proposed to be compared with that of conventional antioxidants in terms of volatility, extractability in solvents, ageing resistance etc. Naturally occuring antioxidants such as cardanol, are also proposed to be modified by binding them to low molecular weight natural rubber. The study is undertaken with the intention of generating a class of bound antioxidants which can be used in elastomers for aggressive and long term application.

Motion Segmentation And Meanshift Assisted Contour Refinement For Airborne Video

This paper presents methods for moving object detection in airborne video surveillance. The motion segmentation in the above scenario is usually difficult because of small size of the object, motion of camera, and inconsistency in detected object shape etc. Here we present a motion segmentation system for moving camera video, based on background subtraction. An adaptive background building is used to take advantage of creation of background based on most recent frame. Our proposed system suggests CPU efficient alternative for conventional batch processing based background subtraction systems. We further refine the segmented motion by meanshift based mode association.

Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Hybrid Nanocomposites of TiO2 With Conducting Polymers

A nanocomposite is a multiphase solid material where one of the phases has one, two or three dimensions of less than 100 nanometers (nm), or structures having nano-scale repeat distances between the different phases that make up the material. In the broadest sense this definition can include porous media, colloids, gels and copolymers, but is more usually taken to mean the solid combination of a bulk matrix and nano-dimensional phase(s) differing in properties due to dissimilarities in structure and chemistry. The mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, electrochemical, catalytic properties of the nanocomposite will differ markedly from that of the component materials. Size limits for these effects have been proposed, <5 nm for catalytic activity, <20 nm for making a hard magnetic material soft, <50 nm for refractive index changes, and <100 nm for achieving superparamagnetism, mechanical strengthening or restricting matrix dislocation movement. Conducting polymers have attracted much attention due to high electrical conductivity, ease of preparation, good environmental stability and wide variety of applications in light-emitting, biosensor chemical sensor, separation membrane and electronic devices. The most widely studied conducting polymers are polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene etc. Conducting polymers provide tremendous scope for tuning of their electrical conductivity from semiconducting to metallic region by way of doping and are organic electro chromic materials with chemically active surface. But they are chemically very sensitive and have poor mechanical properties and thus possessing a processibility problem. Nanomaterial shows the presence of more sites for surface reactivity, they possess good mechanical properties and good dispersant too. Thus nanocomposites formed by combining conducting polymers and inorganic oxide nanoparticles possess the good properties of both the constituents and thus enhanced their utility. The properties of such type of nanocomposite are strongly depending on concentration of nanomaterials to be added. Conducting polymer composites is some suitable composition of a conducting polymer with one or more inorganic nanoparticles so that their desirable properties are combined successfully. The composites of core shell metal oxide particles-conducting polymer combine the electrical properties of the polymer shell and the magnetic, optical, electrical or catalytic characteristics of the metal oxide core, which could greatly widen their applicability in the fields of catalysis, electronics and optics. Moreover nanocomposite material composed of conducting polymers & oxides have open more field of application such as drug delivery, conductive paints, rechargeable batteries, toners in photocopying, smart windows, etc.The present work is mainly focussed on the synthesis, characterization and various application studies of conducting polymer modified TiO2 nanocomposites. The conclusions of the present work are outlined below, Mesoporous TiO2 was prepared by the cationic surfactant P123 assisted hydrothermal synthesis route and conducting polymer modified TiO2 nanocomposites were also prepared via the same technique. All the prepared systems show XRD pattern corresponding to anatase phase of TiO2, which means that there is no phase change occurring even after conducting polymer modification. Raman spectroscopy gives supporting evidence for the XRD results. It also confirms the incorporation of the polymer. The mesoporous nature and surface area of the prepared samples were analysed by N2 adsorption desorption studies and the mesoporous ordering can be confirmed by low angle XRD measurementThe morphology of the prepared samples was obtained from both SEM & TEM. The elemental analysis of the samples was performed by EDX analysisThe hybrid composite formation is confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopyAll the prepared samples have been used for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes, antibiotic, endocrine disruptors and some other organic pollutants. Photocatalytic antibacterial activity studies were also performed using the prepared systemsAll the prepared samples have been used for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes, antibiotic, endocrine disruptors and some other organic pollutants. Photocatalytic antibacterial activity studies were also performed using the prepared systems Polyaniline modified TiO2 nanocomposite systems were found to have good antibacterial activity. Thermal diffusivity studies of the polyaniline modified systems were carried out using thermal lens technique. It is observed that as the amount of polyaniline in the composite increases the thermal diffusivity also increases. The prepared systems can be used as an excellent coolant in various industrial purposes. Nonlinear optical properties (3rd order nonlinearity) of the polyaniline modified systems were studied using Z scan technique. The prepared materials can be used for optical limiting Applications. Lasing studies of polyaniline modified TiO2 systems were carried out and the studies reveal that TiO2 - Polyaniline composite is a potential dye laser gain medium.

Plan exportador Comercializadora Advantage

Esta investigación se ha desarrollado gracias al apoyo de Luz Sofía Méndez coordinadora del CIDEM de la Universidad del Rosario y a los consultores, la Secretaria de Desarrollo Económico, Maloka, Comercializadora Advantage y la consultora junior. El apoyo que se realizó se materializó en capacitaciones, visitas, consultorías, etc. Todo lo anterior con el fin de detectar ventajas, desventajas, oportunidades que las PYMES colombianas y especialmente las de estudio tienen. Con todo este estudio se logró conocer procesos internos y externos que realiza la Comercializadora Advantage y que procedimientos debe realizar para mejorar su productividad tanto en el mercado interno como en el externo y así llegar a ser más competitivos.

Ficción y periodismo audiovisual: Un primer plano a la fuga y muerte de Pablo Escobar Gaviria

La fuga y la muerte de Pablo Escobar fueron dos acontecimientos que contaron con un importante cubrimiento por parte de los noticieros CM& y NTC. Años después, la ficción, a través del cine y la televisión nacional, se encargó de representar ambos hechos (primero con la película Apocalipsur y luego con la serie El cartel). Al comparar las narrativas ficcionales con las periodísticas se encontró que la estructura dramática podía estar presente en ambas, tanto en las escenas de los dramatizados, como en las noticias. Sin embargo, se identificaron diferencias en cuanto a la omisión de personajes, las clases de montaje, los escenarios utilizados y en general la manera en que el contenido y la forma cambia en cada formato. Al final, es el pacto de veracidad, o de verosimilitud, lo que determina la relación entre el espectador y el producto audiovisual.

3D roll-forming of hat-profile with variable depth and width

The use of roll-formed products in automotive, furniture, buildings etc. increases every year due to the low part-production cost and the complicated cross-sections that can be produced. The limitation with roll-forming until recent years is that one could only produce profiles with a constant cross-section in the longitudinal direction. About eight years ago ORTIC AB [1] developed a machine in which it was possible to produce profiles with a variable width (“3D roll-forming”) for the building industry. Experimental equipment was recently built for research and prototyping of profiles with variable cross-section in both width and depth for the automotive industry. The objective with the current study is to investigate the new tooling concept that makes it possible to roll-form hat-profiles, made of ultra high strength steel, with variable cross-section in depth and width. The result shows that it is possible to produce 3D roll-formed profiles with close tolerances.