Chá mate melhora a resistência à natação e reduz o dano oxidativo induzido pelo exercício em ratos submetidos à única sessão de natação

Several nutritional interventions are performed in order to reduce the impact of EO induced by exercise. Some studies suggest that mate tea (CM) have compounds, which can act as antioxidants reducing EO. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CM induced under the EO after a single bout of aerobic exercise. Methods: We used male Wistar rats (50 days and 200g) distributed in four experimental groups: control (CON); mate tea (CM), Swimming (N); Swimming+mate tea (N + CM) . The CM and N+CM groups received CM diluted in distilled water at 96 ° C for five days, oropharyngeal route (50 mg / kg body weight, 0.5 mL). Both groups were adapted to the aquatic environment prior to experimental day, after a single swimming session, with 5% of body weight attached to the tail, until the animals reached exhaustion. Immediately after the state of exhaustion, peripheral blood was collected for further analysis. Results: The animals of the group N + CM showed improved resistance swimming compared to group C (p < 0.0001). No increase in lipid oxidative damage and production of lactate in group N + CM , compared to group N , may be attributed to the significant increase in plasma uric acid concentrations demonstrated in this study was observed . Conclusion: Therefore, the results indicate that consumption of CM may be natural strategy for improving aerobic exercise endurance and reduce the impact of EO induced by aerobic exercise.

Adesivo tecidual de fibrina e sua aplicação na implantodontia

The purpose of this literature review was to evaluate the use of fibrin tissue adhesive in implant dentistry. Materials and Methods: A literature search of Medline-PubMed for articles published, describing the use of fibrin tissue adhesive in implant dentistry was performed and articles were critically reviewed. Results: The literature review reveals clinical trials and experimental studies with regard to the use of fibrin tissue adhesive in implant dentistry. This material consists of 2 components: highly purified, freeze-dried human fibrinogen with factor XIII and a starter solution containing human thrombin. Clotting factor XIII is admitted for reinforcement of the fibrin network. The components are reconstituted before use and when mixed form a clot by mimicking the terminal phase of the physiological clotting cascade. Several studies showed that fibrin tissue adhesive is fully absorbed by macrophages within 2 weeks of application. Adhesive fibrin tissue may be used for to prevent bone loss, to create contour in the periimplant soft tissue and osseous tissue, to sculpt emergence profile for prosthetic components and to mimic tissue architecture. In the last years fibrin tissue adhesive also find use as material for the controlled delivery of drugs and biologics. Conclusions: The fibrin tissue adhesive presents good properties such as biocompatibility, hemostatic properties and ability to break down like the physiologic clot. This material, alone or associated with other materials, can be used with the implants immediately after extraction. In this condition it brings the necessary anchoring and efficient maintenance of osseous/mucosal contour, which it is important for the clinical success.

Efeito do ácido tranexâmico associado à cola de fibrina sobre o reparo ósseo: estudo histológico em ratos

The bone repair process is controlled by complex molecular mechanisms that involve systemic and local factors. Fibrin glue is derived from human plasma and mimics the final pathway of coagulation network. Tranexamic acid inhibits fibrinolysis and prevents or decreases the formation of degradation products of fibrin and fibrinogen. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically in rats the effect of tranexamic acid associated with the fibrin glue on bone healing. The experiment used 60 (n = 5) male rats in: GI: Control, GII: fibrin glue, GIII tranexamic acid and GIV /fibrin glue/tranexamic acid. Bone defect (2.5mm diameter) was created in right tibia. The animals were euthanized at 7,14 and 30 days postoperatively, and the pieces were processed with hematoxylin and eosin. The results showed at 7 days post-operative surgical cavity filled with dense connective tissue rich in fibroblasts, permeated by delicate neoformed bone trabeculae in percentage of 70-80% for GI, GII and GIII and GIV to 94.8%. At 14 days post-operative newly formed bone was found between 75-85% for GI, GII and GIII and percentage above 95% for GIV. At 30 days postoperative GI and GIV showed 95-100% of mature bone tissue; GII and GIII in percentage close to 80-90%. Based on the results and methodology is concluded that fibrin / tranexamic acid glue association has positive action on bone repair.

Experimentally induced anachoresis in the periapical region after root canal filling

Anachoresis is the phenomenon through which blood-borne bacteria, dyes, pigments and other materials are attracted and fixed to circumscribed areas of inflammation. This study evaluated the occurrence of anachoresis in the periapical region of dogs submitted to root canal fillings. One hundred and four roots from four dogs were endodontically treated and root canals were filled with zinc-oxide-eugenol cement. Fifty percent were filled up to the dentinocemental junction and the others were overfilled. At 120 days after root canal treatment, experimental bacteremia was induced by intravenous inoculation of 105 CFU Streptococcus pyogenes. The dogs were sacrificed 48 hours and 30 days after the bacteremia. Culture and DNA amplification by PCR revealed the presence of the inoculated bacteria just in periapical tissues of dogs sacrificed 48 hours after bacteremia and not in animals sacrificed after 30 days. AP-PCR fingerprints of recovered colonies of S. pyogenes and the presence of genetic markers of resistance to antimicrobials were similar to the inoculated strain. Endodontically treated periapices seemed to be prone to the occurrence of anachoresis and there was no relationship between the phenomenon and the level of root canal filling.

Biossegurança na clínica de radiologia odontológica

In the practice of dental radiology, although there was no production of aerosols, there is the contamination of equipment and surfaces by contact with blood and saliva. This is making necessary the adoption infection control procedures to protect patients and staff. The objective of this paper is to present the procedures of prevention during the radiographic examination and radiographic processing in the darkroom. The proposed recommendations for the area of Dental Radiology include efficient cleaning and protection of equipment and surfaces, personal protective measures and to avoid contamination of the darkroom. These recommendations are obtained by simple procedures as cover films and radiological equipment with plastic barriers.

Família Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii e Pseudomonados na microbiota bucal de pacientes mantidos em unidades de terapia intensiva

Enteric organisms, pseudomonads and other opportunistic microorganisms in the oral microbiota have been linked to serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). The present study evaluated the presence of family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii in the mouth of patients in ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health, socioeconomic status, medication use, drug addiction, medical and family histories of patients held for more than 72 hours in the ICU with a diagnosis of severe infection or that developed this condition after entry in said unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided clinical samples of supragingival and subgingival biofilms, saliva and oral mucous membranes were collected, as well as respiratory secretions from patients with pneumonia, blood and urine for sepsis. The presence of target microorganisms was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by culture using selective media. The Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients were poor. The family Enterobacteriaceae was the most prevalent, affecting 39.5% of the supragingival biofilm samples of patients attended in ICU and 18.6% of patients in the control group, besides the rods were the only group found in extraoral samples.

Enterococcus spp. em espécimes clínicos de pacientes atendidos em unidades de terapia intensiva

The relationship between the occurrence of enterococci in the oral microbiota and serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) has been established. This study evaluated the presence of Enterococcus faecalis and other species of this genus in the mouths of patients on ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health and socioeconomic, medication use, medical and family history of patients maintained for 72 hours in the ICU, diagnosed with severe infection or who have developed this condition after the entry to the unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided intraoral and extraoral clinical samples for analysis (above and subgingival biofilm, saliva and buccal mucosa, followed by obtaining samples of respiratory secretions for patients with pneumonia, and blood and urine for sepsis). The presence of target microorganisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture using selective media. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients showed poor. E. faecalis was significantly more frequent microorganism, followed by E. faecium. The use of broadspectrum antimicrobial action was associated with the presence of these opportunistic microorganisms. These bacteria were more frequent in patients with periodontitis or gingivitis. The results showed that enterococci associated with serious infectious processes may originate from resident microbiota of patients and its prevalence is not elevated in healthy individuals.

Avaliação do desempenho escolar de crianças contaminadas por chumbo

The lead contamination in children has been the subject of research in the field of public health. This study evaluated the academic performance of 102 children from first to fourth grade. The subjects were divided into two groups. The first group was composed of 34 children without lead poisoning or with poison at levels lower than 5 µg/dl. The second group was composed of 68 children with blood lead levels between 10 and 40 µg/ dl. The instruments used to evaluate the academic performance were anamnesis and a scholarly performance test called Teste de Desempenho Escolar, TDE. The results indicated better academic performances from the second group with significant differences in arithmetic, reading and general scores. In a comparison between genders, the girls had better performances than the boys. These results were consistent with the parents’ perception in anamnesis. Although other variables were present, the data showed great academic damage for children with higher leadpoison. These outcomes require political policies to control contamination and intervention in this population.

Hemofilia A em cão: relato de caso

Hemophilia A is an X-linked inherited disorder characterized by a Factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency, being therefore transmitted by female dogs to their offspring. Since it is a secondary hemostatic defect, the main clinical signs are hematomas and deep hemorrhage in body cavities, muscles and joints. A four-month-old male Boxer was presented to the Veterinary Hospital at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science in Botucatu with excessive bleeding due to an incision made three days prior by another veterinarian to drain a local hematoma. Laboratory results showed platelet count within the reference range, as well as prolonged whole blood clotting and activated partial thromboplastin times. FVIII activity was 0,96%, which characterizes the most severe degree of hemophilia A.

Um pássaro invocou mudamente o abismo: tensão entre as categorias positivas e negativas na poética de Orides Fontela

Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE

Validez del déficit máximo de oxigeno acumulado como índice de capacidad anaeróbica

[ES] Para determinar la validez del déficit acumulado de oxígeno (DMOA) como índice de capacidad anaeróbica, en 29 varones, estudiantes de Educación Física, se determinó el DMOA, la concentración de lactato en sangre capilar al finalizar un test supramáximo al 120 % VO2max, la potencia media y máxima desarrolladas en el test de Wingate y la masa muscular de las extremidades inferiores mediante absorciometría fotónica dual de rayos X. El DMOA correlacionó con la concentracción de lactato en sangre alcanzada al final del test de capacidad anaeróbica (r=0.43, p<0.05, n=28), con el trabajo realizado y con el VO2 acumulado en el test de capacidad anaeróbica (r=0.59, p<0.001, n=28 y r=0.56, p<0.01, n=29, respectivamente). La lactatemia al final del test de capacidad anaeróbica correlacionó con trabajo realizado en el test de capacidad anaeróbica en valores absolutos (r=0.49, p<0.01, n=27) y con el trabajo divido entre la masa muscular de las extremidades inferiores (r=0.65, p<0.001, n=26). No se observaron correlaciones significativas entre el DMOA y la potencia máxima, ni tampoco entre el DMOA y la potencia media desarrolladas en el test Wingate, ya sea expresadas en valores absolutos o referidos a la masa muscular de las piernas. Tampocó correlacionó la lactatemia alcanzada al final del test de capacidad anaeróbica con la potencia máxima ni con la potencia media desarrollada en el test de Wingate. Aunque conceptualmente el DMOA es el mejor no invasivo procedimiento para medir la capacidad anaeróbica, la ausencia de correlaciones con otras variables que se han mostrado útiles en la evaluación de las cualidades anaeróbicas limita su interés desde el punto de vista práctico.

Contaminación por pesticidas en la población canaria: efectos sobre la salud

[ES]El modelo de producción de alimentos desarrollado en la segunda mitad del siglo XX en Canarias (y el resto del mundo) y mantenido en la actualidad ha ido encaminado a incrementar la producción y reducir las pérdidas de producción mediante el uso de plaguicidas. Sin embargo, este tipo de producción intensiva no ha tenido en cuenta el impacto de estas prácticas agrícolas sobre el medio ambiente y la población. El uso y abuso de los plaguicidasha tenido como consecuencia frecuente la contaminación de suelos y acuíferos, y más tarde, la introducción de estos contaminantes en la cadena alimentaria, incorporándose a todos los seres vivos (incluida la especie humana) a través de los alimentos. Estudios de nuestro Grupo de Investigación han confirmado la presencia de residuos de plaguicidas en suelos, aguas, alimentos de nuestras Islas y, lo que es más grave, en sangre y tejidos de la población canaria. Así, se ha demostrado que el 99% de la población delarchipiélago canario presenta residuos de plaguicidas en sangre y, lo que es más llamativo, que las mujeres embarazadas de estas islas presenta residuos de plaguicidas en el líquido amniótico. Por tanto, nuestra exposición a estos contaminantes tóxicos comienza antesdel nacimiento y es continuada a lo largo de toda nuestra vida. Esta situación es extensiva al resto de la población del mundo occidental (incluyendo la española). A día de hoy sabemos que esta exposición continua e ininterrumpida a plaguicidas da lugar a efectos tóxicos a largo plazo (crónicos) pudiendo afectar la salud de la población y sus descendientes. Los mecanismos por lo que pueden afectar a la salud son múltiples, bien sea porque alteran, a) el sistema hormonal (se relacionan con alteraciones reproductivas en el hombre y la mujer, con el incremento de incidencia de diabetes, tumores hormonodependientes como mama o testículo, y con alteraciones en la función tiroidea); b) el sistema cardiovascular (alterando la tensión arterial y el funcionalismo cardiaco); c) el metabolismo (algunos favorecen el desarrollo obesidad, esto es, son obesogénicos), o d) el sistema Nervioso Central (relacionándose la exposición crónica a plaguicidas con alteraciones neurocognitivas o retraso en el desarrollo en niños, o con enfermedades neurodegenerativas como Parkinson y Alzheimer en el adulto). En resumen, la contaminación de nuestro medio ambiente, y, por tanto de nuestra población, por plaguicidas no nos sale gratis y nos pasa o pasará factura en salud.

Los mestizos no nacen sino que se hacen. En: Avá, nº 14

En este ensayo se analiza el proceso de construcción de la categoría social de las mestizas en los inicios de la colonización de hispano-América desde una perspectiva semántico-histórica y antropológica, así como las diferencias en su afianzamiento y gestión política en distintos contextos geopolíticos de la colonial. Partiendo de sus investigaciones previas, donde desarrolló una interpretación del racismo como doctrina legitimadora de la desigualdad socioeconómica junto con las formas de dominación y control socio-sexual, en especial de las mujeres, la autora explora los mecanismos utilizados por la administración colonial para distinguir formalmente a las mestizas de otros grupos sociales así como los criterios de identificación empleados para ello, examinando el significado cambiante de la doctrina peninsular de limpieza de sangre.

Revisitaciones, huidas y desbordes en la novela argentina contemporánea. 16H302

Actividades desarrolladas durante el período: Durante el año 2010 los miembros del equipo se abocaron a la elección y análisis de los textos y autores que trabajan con algunos de los conceptos elegidos y a la determinación de desvíos y coincidencias para obtener un corpus de definiciones que a través de una lectura crítica nos permitiera una síntesis de cada aproximación y un ensamble en una definición operativa para nuestro trabajo. Todas las producciones están en el marco de la redacción de tesinas de grado o tesis de maestría; Otra actividad fue la de re-diseñar el Seminario de grado “La letra con sangre entra: Violencia, política y construcción del detective en el género policial.”. El nuevo diseño que se llevó a cabo permitió explorar algunos de los conceptos abordados este año –cuerpo, experiencia, poder/contrapoder- en sistemas relacionales que consideramos pertinentes. En el segundo cuatrimestre de 2010, se realizó el Seminario de grado n°6; Actividades preparatorias de análisis y discusión de aspectos teóricos y metodológicos; Revisión de bibliografía literaria, teórica y crítica; Elaboración de constelaciones temáticas centrales y periféricas conectadas a las primeras; Determinación de estrategias y procedimientos constructivos para el abordaje de las mismas; Delimitación del corpus según la línea de trabajo de cada investigador; Revisión y ajuste del marco teórico y metodológico inicial, si fuere necesario; Recopilación, análisis e interpretación de informaciones referidas a las diferentes cuestiones a abordar; Diseño y dictado de seminarios de grado durante el 2010.

Fibrilación auricular y terapéutica anticoagulante

La fibrilación auricular es la taquiarritmia más frecuente en la población general. La frecuencia de dicha arritmia aumenta con la edad, presentándose en un 1.5% de los 50 a 59 años a 8-10% de los 80 a 89 años. La fibrilación auricular incrementa el riesgo de sufrir un evento cerebrovascular isquémico cardioembólico en 5 veces y causa el 15% de todos los accidentes cerebrovasculares isquémicos. El manejo de la fibrilación auricular se enfoca, principalmente, en la prevención de los fenómenos tromboembólicos y en el control de la frecuencia y ritmo cardiaco. La anticoagulación, ha demostrado ser la principal herramienta en la prevención de eventos cardioembólicos. Aunque las complicaciones hemorrágicas por el tratamiento son esperables, y aumentan con la edad, sobrepasa por mucho, el beneficio de usar anticoagulación, al riesgo de sangrados. Precisamente debido a la heterogeneidad clínica de esta arritmia y a la dificultad de establecer un tratamiento adecuado para cada caso en particular, el American College of Cardiology, la American Heart Association, la European Society of Cardiology y el American College of Chest Physicians han establecido unas guías para mejorar el manejo de los pacientes. La revisión de esta patología y de estas directrices propuestas pueden facilitar y mejorar notablemente el tratamiento de los pacientes con fibrilación auricular.