El proceso de fabricación de Moldeo por Transferencia de Resina (RTM) y sus aplicaciones en la industria aeronáutica

En la Conferencia se presentan los aspectos más destacados del proceso de fabricación de Moldeo por Transferencia de Resina (RTM) y sus aplicaciones en la industria aeronáutica. Para ello, se analizan los materiales compuestos de uso más mayoritario en la industria aeronáutica y los procesos de fabricación más frecuentes, desarrollándose con mayor extensión el denominado moldeo por transferencia de resina (RTM), en el que se analizan sucesivamente los aspectos relativos a la preforma, la resina, el molde y el proceso de inyección. A modo de aplicación se presentan diferentes ejemplos reales de aplicación de este proceso realizados en el Laboratorio de Fabricación Aeroespacial de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Estudio comparativo entre la implementación de la zeolita y la resina de intercambio iónico en la remoción de hierro y dureza en un agua sintética que simula el agua para uso industrial

Bogotá (Colombia) : Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ingeniería. Programa de Ingeniería Ambiental y Sanitaria

Desenvolvimento de fontes radioativas seladas imobilizadas em resina epóxi para verificação de detectores utilizados em medicina nuclear

Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)

Estudio in vitro de la resistencia adhesiva en la interfaz de resina entre la base del pad y el resinoso utilizado en cementación indirecta de la técnica lingual

Con el fin de aminorar retrasos por descementación de cualquier accesorio durante el tratamiento de Ortodoncia Lingual, se ha considerado que la fuerza de adhesión es muy importante, especialmente cuando está ubicada en las diferentes interfaces presentes entre el bracket y la resina del PAD; entre la resina del PAD y el cemento resinoso fotopolimerizable y entre este cemento y el esmalte dental. Por lo que este estudio se ha enfocado en determinar la resistencia adhesiva en la interfaz localizada entre la resina de la base del PAD y el cemento resinoso fotopolimerizable utilizando ácido fluorhídrico y óxido de aluminio como tratamiento de superficie previo a la cementación indirecta de la técnica lingual. MATERIALES Y METODOS: El tipo de estudio fue experimental "in vitro", con una muestra de 30 cuerpos de prueba hechos con resina Transbond XT, utilizando para su confección un blíster de brackets, se siguieron tres protocolos diferentes; G1 o grupo control sin ninguna preparación, G2 con aplicación de óxido de aluminio, 50 micrones durante 10 segundos en la superficie del cuerpo de prueba, G3 con aplicación de ácido fluorhídrico al 9% en la superficie del cuerpo de prueba durante 10 minutos. Previo al test de resistencia adhesiva, se realizó los cortes de precisión en cada cuerpo de prueba, obteniendo así 45 tiras de prueba, cada una de las muestras fue adherida a un porta muestra para la prueba de micro tracción, la misma que fue realizada con la máquina universal Mini-Instron modelo 5942, a una velocidad de deformación constante de 0.5 mm/min. Los datos fueron sometidos al test de Normalidad de residuos de Shapiro Wilk (p>0,05) y de LEVENE para el análisis de homogeneidad de las varianzas. La resistencia adhesiva fue comparada entre los grupos por medio del Análisis de Varianza (ANOVA) como factor único para el procesamiento de los datos. Para todos los análisis el nivel de significancia fue del 5% (p< 0,05) con un nivel de confianza del 95% (IC95%). Se consideró estadísticamente significativo valores por debajo de 0,05. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: El resultado del test de ANOVA, reveló que el factor de tratamiento de superficie F(2,12)=2,52;p=0,12 no es significante, por lo tanto los diferentes tratamientos de superficie (óxido de aluminio y ácido fluorhídrico) utilizados son equivalentes al grupo control, indicando que no ejercen influencia de manera significativa en los valores de Resistencia Adhesiva (RA) en la preparación de la interfaz localizada entre la resina de la base del PAD y el cemento resinoso fotopolimerizable; concluyendo que se puede utilizar cualquier protocolo de tratamiento de superficie indicado en la presente investigación.

Descripción de un procedimiento de restauración dental con resina compuesta fotocurable para caninos domésticos

Tesis (Médico Veterinario). -- Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Programa de Medicina Veterinaria, 2014

Concreto celular polimérico: influência na adição de resíduo de poliéster insaturado termofixo

This work addresses the production of lightweight concrete building elements, such as plates, prefabricated slabs for pre-molded and panels of fencing, presenting a singular concrete: the Lightweight Concrete, with special properties such low density and good strength, by means of the joint use of industrial waste of thermosetting unsaturated polyesters and biodegradable foaming agent, named Polymeric Lightweight Concrete. This study covered various features of the materials used in the composition of the Polymeric Lightweight Concrete, using a planning of factorial design 23, aiming at studying of the strength, production, dosage processes, characterization of mechanical properties and microstructural analysis of the transition zone between the light artificial aggregate and the matrix of cement. The results of the mechanical strength tests were analyzed using a computational statistics tool (Statistica software) to understand the behavior and obtain the ideal quantity of each material used in the formula of the Polymeric Lightweight Concrete. The definition of the ideal formula has the purpose of obtaining a material with the lowest possible dry density and resistance to compression in accordance with NBR 12.646/92 (≥ 2.5 MPa after 28 days). In the microstructural characterization by scanning electron microscopy it was observed an influence of the materials in the process of cement hydration, showing good interaction between the wrinkled face of the residue of unsaturated polyesters thermosetting and putty and, consequently, the final strength. The attaining of an ideal formula, given the Brazilian standards, the experimental results obtained in the characterization and comparison of these results with conventional materials, confirmed that the developed Polymeric Lightweight Concrete is suitable for the production of building elements that are advantageous for construction

Respuesta pulpar a materiales de restauración tipo resina

Las resinas compuestas y adhesivos dentales se utilizan ampliamente para la restauración de dientes con pulpas vitales. La preferencia en el uso de estas resinas compuestas podría estar atribuida a que son materiales con buenos resultados estéticos y se consideran materiales de restauración estables. Sin embargo se ha demostrado que son susceptibles a la degradación y liberación de la fracción de sus componentes y que cierta cantidad de los monómeros de su composición permanecen sin polimerizar por un largo periodo de tiempo, pudiendo estos filtrarse hacia el tejido pulpar y causar alteraciones de la actividad fisiológica de las células de la pulpa (DPCs) (1). Además, estudios in vitro han demostrado que los componentes de las resinas compuestas tienen potenciales tóxicos, generando respuestas inmediatas y a largo plazo luego de su aplicación. Identificar el potencial tóxico y deletéreo de los materiales de restauración sobre el tejido pulpar es de gran interés y relevancia clínica, por ello este estudio comprende en una revisión de la literatura acerca de la respuesta pulpar a los materiales de restauración tipo resina.

Avaliação in vitro da adaptação marginal e interna de coroas de cerâmica e resina composta fabricadas com o sistema CAD/CAM utilizando duas câmeras intraorais de moldagem digital

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2015.

Modificação superficial de filmes de poliéster usando plasma a baixa temperatura

A polyester film has a vast application field, due some properties that are inherent of this kind of material such as, good mechanical resistance, chemical resistance to acids and bases and low production cost. However, this material has some limitations as low superficial tension, flat surface, low affinity to dyers, and poor adhesion which impede the use of the same ones for some finality as good wettability. Among the existent techniques to increase the superficial tension, plasma as energy source is the more promising technique, because of their versatility and for not polluting the environment. The plasma surface polymeric modification has been used for many researchers, because it does not affect the environment with toxic agents, the alterations remains only at nanometric layers and this technique shows expressive results. Then, due to its good acceptance, polyester films were treated with oxygen plasma varying the treatment time from 10 to 60 min with an increase of 10 min to each subsequent treatment. Also, the samples were treated with a gas mixture (nitrogen + oxygen) varying the percentage of each gas the mixture from 0 to 100%, the treatment time remaining constant to all treatments (10 min). After plasma treatment the samples were characterized by contact angle, surface tension, Raman spectroscopy, Infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) and atomic force microscopy, with the aim to study the wettability increase of treated polyester films as its variables. In the (O2/N2) plasma treatment of polyester films can be observed an increase of superficial roughness superior to those treated by O2 plasma. By the other hand, the chemical modification through the implantation of polar groups at the surface is obtained more easily using O2 plasma treatment

Estudo da molhabilidade de tecidos 100% poliéster tratados em plasma N2/O2 em função do seu envelhecimento natural

This work reports the influence of the poly (ethylene terephthalate) textile surface modification by plasmas of O2 and mixtures (N2 + O2), on their physical and chemical properties. The treatment was carried out in a vacuum chamber. Some parameters remained constant during all treatment, such as: Voltage 470 V; Pressure 1,250 Mbar; Current: 0, 10 A and gas flow: 10 cm3/min. Other parameters, such as working gas composition and treatment time, were modified as the following: to the O2 plasma modified samples only the treatment time was changed (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes). To the plasma with O2 and N2 only the chemical concentrations were changed. Through Capillary tests (vertical) an increase in textile wettability was observed as well as its influence on aging time and its consequence on wettability. The surface functional groups created after plasma treatments were investigated using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The surface topography was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Clinical effect of Resina Draconis capsules on primary dysmenorrhoea

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of Resina Draconis capsules in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. Methods: In total, 324 patients with primary dysmenorrhoea were randomly allocated to three groups based on treatment with capsules containing Resina Draconis, Leonurus japonicus Houtt., or a placebo for 3 months. The patients’ visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and dysmenorrhoea symptoms were evaluated. Results: VAS scores of the Resina Draconis, L. japonicus, and placebo groups decreased from 7.31 ± 1.36, 7.12 ± 1.65, and 7.25 ± 1.47 to 3.35 ± 1.43, 5.27 ± 1.24, and 7.08 ± 2.10, respectively. The change was greatest for the Resina Draconis group (p < 0.01). The incidence of symptoms associated with dysmenorrhoea decreased in all three groups, but the change was greatest for Resina Draconis group (p < 0.01). Overall, Resina Draconis was more effective than L. japonicus (94.40 vs. 72.20 %) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Resina Draconis capsules are effective in relieving primary dysmenorrhoea and lowering the incidence of symptoms associated with dysmenorrhoea.

Realizzazione e validazione di provini in resina epossidica per la simulazione di scariche parziali interne.

L’elaborato si pone l’obiettivo di realizzare e validare dei campioni in resina epossidica per la rilevazione di attività di scariche parziali interne. Nella prima fase dell’attività di ricerca, sono definite le linee progettuali riguardanti la scelta dei materiali da utilizzare, al fine di creare degli stampi per poter ottenere dei campioni di forma idonea e, successivamente, si procede alla scelta del tipo di resina e degli elettrodi da adoperare. All’interno dei provini, viene iniettata, con una siringa di precisione dotata di un ago sottile, una cavità di aria indicante un eventuale difetto nella matrice polimerica dell’isolante, se sottoposto a un determinato tipo di stress (elettrico, termico, meccanico). I provini sono testati in un circuito di prova ad alto voltaggio per la misura della tensione di innesco alla quale si verificano le scariche; attraverso l’utilizzo di un software specifico, viene poi ricavato il PD pattern utile per l’approccio all’identificazione della tipologia di scarica. Inoltre, sono effettuate delle simulazioni con l’ambiente di calcolo Comsol ottenendo il valore del campo elettrico all’interno della cavità di aria. Il PD pattern viene, in seguito, analizzato estrapolando dei marker statistici di interesse per l’applicazione della fuzzy logic. Questa tipologia di logica prevede la verifica di regole linguistiche per la corretta identificazione del tipo di scarica, individuata dal pattern in esame (interna, superficiale o corona). A seconda dei valori ricavati dai marker, vengono applicate le regole della fuzzy logic per poter classificare, nei campioni esaminati, l’attività di scarica parziale come interna.

Sintesi e caratterizzazioni termiche e meccaniche di nanocompositi a base di resina epossidica e nanoplacchette di grafene

In questo lavoro sono stati realizzati e caratterizzati materiali nanocompositi utilizzando come matrice un polimero reticolato e come riempitivo nanocarbonio. Il riempitivo utilizzato è stato sintetizzato e caratterizzato morfologicamente in laboratorio. Nella prima parte della tesi si è studiato e ottimizzato il processo di dispersione del riempitivo nella matrice tramite un miscelatore planetario e un nanomiscelatore. Successivamente si è proceduti a realizzare un set di nanocompositi a differente percentuale (peso/peso) di riempitivo i quali sono stati caratterizzati morfologicamente. Dopo di che si è proceduti con l’ottimizzazione del processo di reticolazione dei nanocompositi i quali sono stati successivamente caratterizzati tramite prove termiche, meccaniche e morfologiche al fine di osservare le modifiche apportate dal riempitivo alla matrice polimerica.

Análise de custo-efetividade de métodos preventivos para superfície oclusal de acordo com o risco de cárie: resultados de um ensaio clínico controlado

This study presents the results of a cost-effectiveness analysis in a controlled clinical trial on the effectiveness of a modified glass ionomer resin sealant ( Vitremer, 3M ESPE) and the application of fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) on occlusal surfaces of first permanent molars in children 6-8 years of age (N = 268), according to caries risk (high versus low). Children were examined semiannually by the same calibrated dentist for 24 months after allocation in six groups: high and low risk controls (oral health education every three months); high and low risk with varnish (oral health education every three months + varnish biannually); and high and low risk with sealant (oral health education every three months + a single application of sealant). Economic analysis showed that sealing permanent first molars of high-risk schoolchildren showed a C/E ratio of US$ 119.80 per saved occlusal surface and an incremental C/E ratio of US$ 108.36 per additional saved occlusal surface. The study concluded that sealing permanent first molars of high-risk schoolchildren was the most cost-effective intervention.

Ontogenia e estrutura do pericarpo de Prestonia riedelii (Müll. Arg.) Markgr. (Apocynaceae)

The aim of this work was to describe the morphology and ontogeny of P. riedelii fruits to aid in taxonomic, ecological and phylogenetic studies in Apocynaceae. Fruits were fixed in FAA, embedded in plastic resin, sectioned at 10 ìm and stained with toluidine blue, for structural analysis. The fruit of P. riedelii is a follicarium, with two follicular fruitlets. The epicarp is one-cell-layered, with trichomes and thick cuticle. The mesocarp, originating from fundamental ovary tissue, is parenchymatous with laticifers, non-lignified fibers and vascular bundles. The endocarp sensu lato is two-celllayered of crossed sclereids, originating from the inner ovary epidermis and from a single layer of parenchyma cells of fundamental ovary tissue. Follicle dehiscence is lateral and the dehiscence process involves anatomical characteristics such as a dehiscence zone with thin-walled cells, non-lignified fibers in the mesocarp and crossed sclereids in the endocarp.