Using the system dynamics paradigm in teaching and learning technological university subjets

2nd International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies

História de Vida de alunos com deficiência intelectual: percurso escolar e a constituição do sujeito

Esta tese procura compreender o processo de inclusão escolar dos alunos com deficiência intelectual a partir das suas histórias de vida e da percepção que eles têm da escola, considerando a relação entre deficiência, escola e construção do conhecimento. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola do campo, pertencente à rede pública estadual do município de Teresópolis no Rio de Janeiro. Objetivo principal foi compreender o processo de inclusão das pessoas com deficiência intelectual na escola regular a partir das histórias de cinco jovens inseridos na rede regular de ensino. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa norteada pelo método da história de vida, segundo os pressupostos de Glat (2009), Augras (2009), Ferrarotti (1993) e outros. O referencial teórico adotado no estudo pautou-se na abordagem psicossocial da deficiência, ressaltando a relação que a pessoa com deficiência estabelece com o meio social e cultural do qual faz parte. A partir das histórias de vida dos sujeitos foi possível compreender como os jovens narram sua trajetória escolar, com destaque para as seguintes categorias: 1) trajetória escolar, 2) o papel da escola; 3) relação com os professores e as disciplinas; 4) relação com os colegas dentro e fora da escola; 5) perspectivas de futuro e transição para a vida adulta. O estudo revelou as contradições e a complexidade do processo de inclusão de alunos com deficiência intelectual em escolas comuns, particularmente quando se trata da inserção de jovens no segundo segmento do Ensino Fundamental e no Ensino Médio. Percebemos que mesmo após anos de discussões e pesquisas sobre a inclusão escolar de alunos com deficiência intelectual suas trajetórias ainda são marcadas pela cultura da incapacidade e do descrédito em relação ao que esses alunos podem fazer. As políticas de inclusão, embora bastante avançadas do ponto de vista de suas concepções teóricas, na prática não se traduzem na superação de práticas homogeneizadoras de ensino e organização do espaço escolar. Esperamos que esta pesquisa contribua significativamente para o contexto da educação brasileira, seja no âmbito da escola comum ou da Educação Especial, de maneira que as falas que aqui foram apresentadas ecoem e signifiquem um ponto de reflexão sobre como os sistemas educacionais e nós mesmos estamos compreendendo o processo de inclusão de alunos com deficiência e outras necessidades especiais na escola e na sociedade.

Ikasle ijitoak eskolan: Hezkuntza Inklusiborako bidean

Umeen garapen psikologikoan bi oinarrizko faktorek eragiten dute, besteak beste: familia eta eskola. Hortaz, familia hain garrantzitsua izanda, horren kulturak lehen mailako papera hartzen du garapen horretan. Kultura ijitoa ikerketaren oinarri bezala hartuta, beharrezkoa da ume horien egoera behatzea. Hori dela eta, lan honek objektibo bikoitza dauka: kultura ijitoaren ohiturak zein eskolarekiko duen harremana ezagutzea eta eskolaratze arrakastatsuaren klabeak lortzea. Eskola, gizartearen ordezkari bezala, pertsona guztien eskubideak betetzen dituen berdintasunezko gizarteak sortzeko oinarrizko eta erantzukizunezko bidea da.

Fotografia e interação no Jardim Botânico: uma abordagem do design de participação em contexto museológico

Em meio à rápida propagação de tecnologias de mídia que tornam possível produzir, arquivar, se apropriar e recircular conteúdo informacional, uma cultura participativa vem emergindo nos dias atuais. Uma lógica de colaboração se faz presente, viabilizada por ferramentas técnicas que estruturam o conhecimento em rede. Nesse contexto, o museu, enquanto agência de representação sociocultural, se esforça no sentido de atualizar-se. Nesta dissertação, sugere-se que a interação participativa de caráter social é um caminho para renovar e ampliar as narrativas culturais elaboradas pelos museus, em sua relação comunicacional com o público. Foi elaborado, então, o sistema Revelar: um modelo preliminar que se propõe a investigar o design de participação em contexto museológico. O sistema, que tem como palco de ações o complexo do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, pressupõe a participação de estudantes de Ensino Médio em uma atividade programada pela equipe do Museu do Meio Ambiente. A matéria de contribuição dos alunos participantes é a fotografia produzida a partir do uso de dispositivos móveis

Esporte e currículo de educação Física Escolar

O esporte chegou ao século XXI como uma das maiores manifestações da cultura corporal de movimento. No entanto sua presença no currículo escolar ainda depende de professores que acreditam no valor educacional da experiência esporti-va ou de projetos que têm origem fora do contexto educacional. O campo acadêmico da Educação Física escolar, que faz a mediação entre esporte e escola, permanece alheio às demandas dos alunos e da escola eratifica sua posição em significar o esporte como isento de qualidades educacionais em seu discurso hegemônico. Por outro lado os discursos olímpicos produzidos pelas instituições de organização es-portiva precisam justificar suas demandas e voltam seus olhares para o sistema e-ducacional. Proponho uma articulação entre a educação Física escolar e o esporte superando o antagonismo acadêmico fundamentalista que os separa para introduzir o esporte escolar no currículo como elemento do Projeto Político Pedagógico das escolas vinculado à Educação Física escolar e como política pública de educação e esportes. Identifico a necessidade de deslocar o contexto de influência das políticas públicas para o esporte do Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro para os setores de Educação Física escolar do Ministério da Educação. Defendo que a experiência esportiva no interior da escola é o que torna o esporte um elemento curricular educacionalmente interessante e denuncio a concepção de esporte escolar presente nas recontextualização de políticas públicas para o esporte escolar voltadas apenas para a organização das competições escolares. Utilizo como referencial teórico-metodológicos as contribuições do pós-fundacionismo, a Teoria do Discurso de Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe, os estudos de Hugo Lovisolo sobre a estética e sua relação com a educação Física e o esporte.Aponto para a substituição do paradigma marxista que orienta as propostas hegemônicas para a Educação Física escolar pelas proposições de Chantal Mouffe para a democracia radical e vejo nessa substituição uma possibilidade de ressignificação do esporte escolar em termos políticos. Utilizo entrevistas com cinco professores aos quais denomino como professores interlocutores pela contribuição em ampliar meu entendimento sobre as relações entre EFE e esporte, assim como, sobre as demandas presentes nas instituições em que trabalham e sobre a convivência de projetos de parcerias público-privadas com a Educação Física escolar no interior das escolas. Entendo que a inserção do esporte na escola por projetos e oficinas de origem externa ao sistema educacional possa representar uma ameaça à Educação Física escolar.

Adolescentes em conflito com a lei nas instituições sócio-educativas do Rio de Janeiro: identificação e discurso

O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar, a partir das relações de poder dentro do CRIAAD de Duque de Caxias e das possíveis influências que os jovens recebem por sua relação com o do tráfico de drogas, quais são as categorias de identificação presentes na formação identitária dos adolescentes que cumprem medidas socioeducativas no DEGASE. A geração de dados se fez por ocasião de grupos focais com dois segmentos de adolescentes, o primeiro com idade de 17 a 19 anos; o segundo com adolescentes de 14 a 16 anos. Foram realizados dois grupos focais, além de entrevistas com técnicos do CRIAAD. Todo o processo de coleta de dados foi devidamente autorizado pelo Juizado da Infância e do Idoso de Duque de Caxias e pela Escola de Gestão Socioeducativa Paulo Freire. Este estudo apoiou-se principalmente na Análise do Discurso da Linha Francesa, proposta por Michel Pêcheux, além dos estudos sobre as instituições de atendimento ao adolescente em conflito com a lei, conforme Altoé, o estudo sobre as prisões e as relações de poder, conforme Foucault e uma parte histórica sobre o surgimento do Comando Vermelho, de acordo com Carlos Amorim e o estudo sobre o slogan, de acordo com Olivier Reboul. A pesquisa constatou que há um discurso de resistência por parte dos adolescentes, utilizando-se a categoria de silêncio, e o discurso de silenciamento por parte dos profissionais que atuam com as medidas sócio-educativas, de acordo com Orlandi . Tais aspectos conferem as instâncias sócio-educativas uma relação de poder que não se apagou, mesmo com as mudanças no sistema de atendimento à criança e ao adolescente.

Finite horizon LQR control with limited controller-system communication

We consider finite-horizon LQR control with limited controller-system communication. Within a time-horizon T , the controller can only communicate with the system dsystems and a class of higher-order systems. We also discuss when such a control data schedule remains optimal (or is near optimal) for general systems. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

Emergy Assessment of a Wheat-Maize Rotation System with Different Water Assignments in the North China Plain

Sustainable water use is seriously compromised in the North China Plain (NCP) due to the huge water requirements of agriculture, the largest use of water resources. An integrated approach which combines the ecosystem model with emergy analysis is presented to determine the optimum quantity of irrigation for sustainable development in irrigated cropping systems. Since the traditional emergy method pays little attention to the dynamic interaction among components of the ecological system and dynamic emergy accounting is in its infancy, it is hard to evaluate the cropping system in hypothetical situations or in response to specific changes. In order to solve this problem, an ecosystem model (Vegetation Interface Processes (VIP) model) is introduced for emergy analysis to describe the production processes. Some raw data, collected by investigating or observing in conventional emergy analysis, may be calculated by the VIP model in the new approach. To demonstrate the advantage of this new approach, we use it to assess the wheat-maize rotation cropping system at different irrigation levels and derive the optimum quantity of irrigation according to the index of ecosystem sustainable development in NCP. The results show, the optimum quantity of irrigation in this region should be 240-330 mm per year in the wheat system and no irrigation in the maize system, because with this quantity of irrigation the rotation crop system reveals: best efficiency in energy transformation (transformity = 6.05E + 4 sej/J); highest sustainability (renewability = 25%); lowest environmental impact (environmental loading ratio = 3.5) and the greatest sustainability index (Emergy Sustainability Index = 0.47) compared with the system in other irrigation amounts. This study demonstrates that application of the new approach is broader than the conventional emergy analysis and the new approach is helpful in optimizing resources allocation, resource-savings and maintaining agricultural sustainability.

Genetic model of the hydrate system in the fine grain sediments in the northern continental slope of South China Sea

Gas hydrate samples were obtained firstly in China by drilling on the northern margin of South China Sea (SCS). To understand the formation mechanism of this unique accumulation system, this paper discusses the factors controlling the formation of the system by accurate geophysical interpretation and geological analysis, based on the high precision 2-D and 3-D multichannel seismic data in the drilling area. There are three key factors controlling the accumulation of the gas hydrate system in fine grain sediment: (1) large volume of fluid bearing methane gas Joins the formation of gas hydrate. Active fluid flow in the northern South China Sea makes both thermal gas and/or biogenic gas migrate into shallow strata and form hydrate in the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). The fluid flow includes mud diapir and gas chimney structure. They are commonly characterized by positive topographic relief, acoustic turbidity and push-down, and low reflection intensity on seismic profiles. The gas chimneys can reach to GHSZ, which favors the development of BSRs. It means that the active fluid flow has a close relationship with the formation and accumulation of gas hydrate. (2) The episodic process of fracture plays an important role in the generation of gas hydrate. It may provide the passage along which thermogenic or biogenic gas migrated into gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) upward. And it increases the pore space for the growth of hydrate crystal. (3) Submarine landslide induced the anomalous overpressure activity and development of fracture in the GHSZ. The formation model of high concentration gas hydrate in the drilling sea area was proposed on the basis of above analysis.

Cost savings from relaxation of operational constraints on a power system with high wind penetration

Wind energy is predominantly a nonsynchronous generation source. Large-scale integration of wind generation with existing electricity systems, therefore, presents challenges in maintaining system frequency stability and local voltage stability. Transmission system operators have implemented system operational constraints (SOCs) in order to maintain stability with high wind generation, but imposition of these constraints results in higher operating costs. A mixed integer programming tool was used to simulate generator dispatch in order to assess the impact of various SOCs on generation costs. Interleaved day-ahead scheduling and real-time dispatch models were developed to allow accurate representation of forced outages and wind forecast errors, and were applied to the proposed Irish power system of 2020 with a wind penetration of 32%. Savings of at least 7.8% in generation costs and reductions in wind curtailment of 50% were identified when the most influential SOCs were relaxed. The results also illustrate the need to relax local SOCs together with the system-wide nonsynchronous penetration limit SOC, as savings from increasing the nonsynchronous limit beyond 70% were restricted without relaxation of local SOCs. The methodology and results allow for quantification of the costs of SOCs, allowing the optimal upgrade path for generation and transmission infrastructure to be determined.

Reception and schooling of children in schools in Catalonia: Beyond Educational Welcome Facilities

The ways of incorporating newcoming students into schools and colleges have been at the center of debate in most OECD countries in recent years. In Spain, the set of measures developed for the reception of immigrant pupils in different Autonomous Communities has also been the subject of specific research, pointing out the similarities and contradictions between pedagogic discourses and school practices. This article takes into account these considerations and presents the reflections from the results of research on the Educational Welcome Facilities (and specifically the EBE) conducted during the school years 2008-2010. This device was created in Catalonia to attend newcomers before enrolling them in the school. It was a pilot project which took place in Vic and Reus for two consecutive years. The research of the EBE has enabled us to explain the relationship between educational assessment that schools made about this facility and reception processes that schools were implementing. The conclusions that emerge from this analysis allowed us to establish relationships between educational host practices of the seven centers analyzed with three different conceptual and educational frameworks of reception.

THE ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS-SYSTEM IN PLATHELMINTHES - THE NEUROPEPTIDE F-IMMUNOREACTIVE PATTERN IN CATENULIDA, MACROSTOMIDA, PROSERIATA

The organization of the nervous system of Archilopsis unipunctata Promonotus schultzei and Paramonotus hamatus (Monocelididae, Proseriata) and Stenostomum leucops (Catenulida) and Microstomum lineare (Macrostomida) was studied by immunocytochemistry, using antibodies to the authentic flatworm neuropeptide F (NPF) (Moniezia expansa). The organization of the nervous system of the Monocelididae was compared to that of the nervous system of Bothriomolus balticus (Otoplanidae), a previously studied species of another family of the Proseriata. The results show that the main nerve cords (MCs), independent of lateral or ventral position in the Monocelididae and the Otoplanidae, correspond to each other. The study also confirms the status of the lateral cords as main cords (MCs) in S. leucops and M. lineare. Common for MCs in the members of the investigated taxa are the following features: MCs consist of many fibres, originate from the brain and are adjoined to 5-HT-positive neurons. In Monocelididae and Otoplanidae, the MCs additionally have the same type of contact to the pharyngeal nervous system. Also common for both proseriate families is the organization of the two lateral nerve cords, with weaker connections to the brain, and the pair of dorsal cords running above the brain. The organization of the minor cords differs. The Monocelididae have a pair of thin ventral cords forming a mirror image of the dorsal pair. Furthermore, an unpaired ventral medial cord connecting medial commissural cells was observed in P. schultzei. Marginal nerve cords, observed in Otoplanidae, are absent in Monocelididae. All minor nerve cords are closely connected to the peripheral nerve plexus. The postulated trends of condensation of plexal fibres to cords and/or the flexibility of the peripheral nerve plexus are discussed. In addition, the immunoreactivity (IR) pattern of NPF was compared to the IR patterns of the neuropeptide RFamide and the indoleamine, 5-HT (serotonin). Significant differences between the distribution of IR to NPF and to 5-HT occur. 5-HT-IR dominates in the submuscular and subepidermal plexuses. In the stomatogastric plexus of M. lineare, only peptidergic IR is observed in the intestinal nerve net. The distribution of NPF-IR in fibres and cells of the intestinal wall in M. lineare indicates a regulatory function for this peptide in the gut, while a relationship with ciliary and muscular locomotion is suggested for the 5-HT-IR occurring in the subepidermal and submuscular nerve plexuses. In M. lineare, the study revealed an NPF- and RFamide-positive cell pair, marking the finished development of new zooids. This finding indicates that constancy of these cells is maintained in this asexually reproducing and regenerating species.

Improvement of the Performance of Hysteresis Compensation in SMA Actuators by Using Inverse Preisach Model in Closed – Loop Control System

The aim of this paper is to increase the performance of hysteresis compensation for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuators by using inverse Preisach model in closed — loop control system. This is used to reduce hysteresis effects and improve accuracy for the displacement of SMA actuators. Firstly, hysteresis is identified by numerical Preisach model implementation. The geometrical interpretation from first order transition curves is used for hysteresis modeling. Secondly, the inverse Preisach model is formulated and incorporated in closed-loop PID control system in order to obtain desired current-to-displacement relationship with hysteresis reducing. The experimental results for hysteresis compensation by using this method are also shown in this paper.

Encouraging lifestyle behaviour change in mild cognitive impairment patients:development of appropriate educational material

Objectives: A healthy lifestyle may help maintain cognitive function and reduce the risk of developing dementia. This study employed a focus group approach in order to gain insight into opinions of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, caregivers (CG) and health professionals (HP) regarding lifestyle and its relationship with cognition. The qualitative data were used to design, develop and pilot test educational material (EM) to help encourage lifestyle behaviour change. Method: Data gathering phase: structured interviews were conducted with HP (n = 10), and focus groups with MCI patients (n = 24) and CG (n = 12). EM was developed and pilot tested with a new group of MCI patients (n = 21) and CG (n = 6). Results: HP alluded to the lack of clinical trial evidence for a lifestyle and MCI risk link. Although they felt that lifestyle modifications should be recommended to MCI patients, they appeared hesitant in communicating this information and discussions were often patient-driven. MCI patients lacked awareness of the lifestyle cognition link. Participants preferred EM to be concise, eye-catching and in written format, with personal delivery of information favoured. Most pilot testers approved of the EM but were heterogeneous in terms of lifestyle, willingness to change and support needed to change. Conclusion: MCI patients need to be made more aware of the importance of lifestyle for cognition. EM such as those developed here, which are specifically tailored for this population would be valuable for HP who, currently, appear reticent in initiating lifestyle-related discussions. Following further evaluation, the EM could be used in health promotion activities targeting MCI patients.

Is there an educational penalty for being suspended from school?

Suspension from school is a commonly used, yet controversial, school disciplinary measure. This paper uses unique survey data to estimate the impact of suspension on the educational outcomes of those suspended. It finds that while suspension is strongly associated with educational outcomes, the relationship is unlikely to be causal, but rather likely stems from differences in the characteristics of those suspended compared to those not suspended. Moreover, there is no evidence that suspension is associated with larger educational penalties for young people from disadvantaged family backgrounds compared to those from more advantaged family backgrounds. These results hold regardless of whether self-reported suspension or mother-reported suspension is considered. The absence of a clear negative causal impact of suspension on educational outcomes suggests that suspension may continue to play a role in school discipline without harming the educational prospects of those sanctioned.