Mutation in bone morphogenetic protein receptor-IB is associated with increased ovulation rate in Booroola Mérino ewes

Ewes from the Booroola strain of Australian Mérino sheep are characterized by high ovulation rate and litter size. This phenotype is due to the action of the FecBB allele of a major gene named FecB, as determined by statistical analysis of phenotypic data. By genetic analysis of 31 informative half-sib families from heterozygous sires, we showed that the FecB locus is situated in the region of ovine chromosome 6 corresponding to the human chromosome 4q22–23 that contains the bone morphogenetic protein receptor IB (BMPR-IB) gene encoding a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor family. A nonconservative substitution (Q249R) in the BMPR-IB coding sequence was found to be associated fully with the hyperprolificacy phenotype of Booroola ewes. In vitro, ovarian granulosa cells from FecBB/FecBB ewes were less responsive than granulosa cells from FecB+/FecB+ ewes to the inhibitory effect on steroidogenesis of GDF-5 and BMP-4, natural ligands of BMPR-IB. It is suggested that in FecBB/FecBB ewes, BMPR-IB would be inactivated partially, leading to an advanced differentiation of granulosa cells and an advanced maturation of ovulatory follicles.

c-Jun interacts with the corepressor TG-interacting factor (TGIF) to suppress Smad2 transcriptional activity

The Sma and Mad related (Smad) family proteins are critical mediators of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily signaling. After TGF-β-mediated phosphorylation and association with Smad4, Smad2 moves to the nucleus and activates expression of specific genes through cooperative interactions with DNA-binding proteins, including members of the winged-helix family of transcription factors, forkhead activin signal transducer (FAST)-1 and FAST2. TGF-β has also been described to activate other signaling pathways, such as the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) pathway. Here, we show that activation of JNK cascade blocked the ability of Smad2 to mediate TGF-β-dependent activation of the FAST proteins. This inhibitory activity is mediated through the transcriptional factor c-Jun, which enhances the association of Smad2 with the nuclear transcriptional corepressor TG-interacting factor (TGIF), thereby interfering with the assembly of Smad2 and the coactivator p300 in response to TGF-β signaling. Interestingly, c-Jun directly binds to the nuclear transcriptional corepressor TGIF and is required for TGIF-mediated repression of Smad2 transcriptional activity. These studies thus reveal a mechanism for suppression of Smad2 signaling pathway by JNK cascade through transcriptional repression.

Ricciardetto di Nicolo Carteromaco : tomo I.

Mode of access: Internet.

Ricciardetto di Nicolo Carteromaco : tomo III.

Mode of access: Internet.

Extrait des différens ouvrages publiés sur la vie des peintres /

Mode of access: Internet.

De la Digestion, et des phénomènes qui se succèdent dans les organes digestifs pendant l'acte de l'assimilation ou de la nutrition, réponse à la question proposée par l'Institut Royal de France... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Doctrine nouvelle sur la reproduction de l'homme suivie du tableau des variétés de l'espécie humaine /

Mode of access: Internet.

Choix de chansons, mises en musique. Ornées d'estampes en taille douce.

Large paper ed.; a facsim. reprint of the ed. issued in Paris, 1773, by De Lormel. The engravings were designed by J. M. Moreau, Le Bouteux, J. J. F. Le Barbier and I. P. J. de Saint Quentin.

Les gravures françaises du XVIIIe siècle; ou, Catalogue raisonné des estampes, caux-fortes, pièces en coleur, au bistre et au lavis, de 1700 à 1800,

Rensignements bibliographiques" at beginning of each volume.

Histoire philosophique et politique des établissemens et du commerce des européens dans les deux Indes /

Contiene: Livre dix-neuvieme.

Histoire philosophique et politique des établissemens et du commerce des européens dans les deux Indes /

La h. plegada: "Tableau de l'espece, de la quantité [et] de la valeur des objets que le Brésil envoie annuellement au Portugal ..."

Histoire philosophique et politique des établissemens et du commerce des européens dans les deux Indes /

La h. pleg. nº3 repetida.