Marketed recordings of hymns: old wine in new wineskins? : a musico-sociological study of developments and reception in the Nordic region since 1991

Artikkeli on julkaistu Hymnologi - Nordiskt tidskirft -lehden numerossa 3-4 / 2012.

Diameter and height distributions in a gallery forest tree community and some of its main species in central Brazil over a six-year period (1985-1991)

(Diameter and height distributions in a gallery forest tree community and some of its main species in central Brazil over a six-year period (1985-1991)). The diameter and height structure were studied over six years in approximately 64 ha of the Gama gallery forest in Brasília, DF. Trees from 10 cm dbh were measured every three years from 1985 in 151 (10 x 20 m) permanent plots. Natural regeneration (individuals under 10 cm dbh) was measured in subplots within the 200 m² plots. Most individuals and species were under 45 cm diameter and 20 m high while the maximum diameter for individual species ranged from 30 to 95 cm. The diameter structure was typical of a mixed tropical forest with the number of individuals decreasing with increasing size classes and showing little change over the six years. The most abundant species occupy different positions in the canopy and have different size structures.

Plan af Helsingfors 1893

Mittakaava laskettu janamittakaavasta

Developmental norms for eight instruments used in the neuropsychological assessment of children: studies in Brazil

Norms for a battery of instruments, including Denckla's and Garfield's tests of Motor Persistence, Benton's Right-Left Discrimination, two recall modalities (Immediate and Delayed) of the Bender Test, Wechsler's Digit Span, the Color Span Test and the Human Figure Drawing Test, were developed for the neuropsychological assessment of children in the greater Rio de Janeiro area. Additionally, the behavior of each child was assessed with the Composite Teacher Rating Scale (Brito GNO and Pinto RCA (1991) Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 13: 417-418). A total of 398 children (199 boys and 199 girls balanced for age) with a mean age of 9.3 years (SD = 2.8), who were attending a public school in Niterói, were the subjects of this study. Gender and age had significant effects on performance which depended on the instrument. Nonachievers performed worse than achievers in most neuropsychological tests. Comparison of our data to the available counterparts in the United States revealed that American children outperformed Brazilian children on the Right-Left Discrimination, Forward Digit Span, Color Span and Human Figure Drawing Tests. Further analysis showed that the neurobehavioral data consist of different factorial dimensions, including Human Body Representation, Motor Persistence of the Legs, Orbito-Orobuccal Motor Persistence, Attention-Memory, Visuospatial Memory, Neuropsychomotor Speed, Hyperactivity-Inattention, and Anxiety-Negative Socialization. We conclude that gender and age should be taken into account when using the normative data for most of the instruments studied in the present report. Furthermore, we stress the need for major changes in the Brazilian public school system in order to foster the development of secondary cognitive abilities in our children

Pohjan pimeillä perillä: norjalainen napaseuturetki 1893-1896 - 1

118 kuvaa ja 2 karttaa. - Ilmestyi 30 vihossa

Pohjan pimeillä perillä: norjalainen napaseuturetki 1893-1896 - 2

111 kuvaa ja kartta. - Ilmestyi 30 vihossa

Syvään taisteluun : johdatus Neuvostoliiton maavoimien sotataitoon 1917-1991

Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulun sotahistorian opetuksessa on pitkään koettu ongelmana se, että neuvostoliittolaisesta sotataidosta ei ole ollut käytettävissä sellaista suomenkielistä yleisesitystä, jonka avulla lukija voisi nopeasti saada yleiskuvan aiheesta ja joka sisältäisi myös tuoreimman tutkimustiedon. Tämä julkaisu on tarkoitettu täyttämään todettua aukkoa Neuvostoliiton maavoimien osalta. Tarkastelussa keskitytään uhkakuvan, doktriinin, keskeisten yhtymäorganisaatioiden ja sotataidon eri osa-alueiden — strategian, operaatiotaidon ja taktiikan — kehitykseen. Esityksen sivumäärä on pidetty tarkoituksellisesti suppeana, ja tapahtumahistoriaa on otettu mukaan vain sikäli kun se on ollut tarpeellista näiden painopistealueiden ymmärtämiseksi. Aiheesta enemmän kiinnostuneelle kirja antaa perusteita, jotka toivottavasti herättävät kysymyksiä ja kannustavat tietämyksen syventämiseen. Esitys perustuu pääasiassa länsimaisiin teoksiin ja artikkeleihin, joita on täydennetty venäjänkielisillä yleisesityksillä, Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulussa laadituilla tutkielmilla ja muulla aineistolla. Aihepiirin lukuisten tutkijoiden joukosta on erityisesti korostettava yhdysvaltalaisen David Glantzin panosta. Kirjoittaja on voinut tukeutua paljon hänen laajaan tuotantoonsa, jossa on monipuolisesti hyödynnetty myös Neuvostoliitossa ja Venäjällä julkaistua alan kirjallisuutta. Mittavien kokonaisuuksien pelkistämisessä ja sotataidollisten kehityslinjojen havainnollistamisessa on käytetty paljon numerotietoja. Lukuihin on suhtauduttava kriittisesti, sillä niiden luotettavuutta ei ole kaikilta osin ollut mahdollista varmistaa tieteellisen tutkimuksen edellyttämällä tavalla. Tätä ongelmaa ei tekstissä erikseen korosteta, mutta lukijan tulee ottaa se huomioon lukuja käyttäessään.

Use of molecular epidemiology to monitor the nosocomial dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been the cause of major outbreaks and epidemics among hospitalized patients, with high mortality and morbidity rates. We studied the genomic diversity of MRSA strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infection in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001. The study consisted of two periods: period I, from 1991 to 1993 and period II from 1995 to 2001. DNA was typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the similarity among the MRSA strains was determined by cluster analysis. During period I, 73 strains presented five distinctive DNA profiles: A, B, C, D, and E. Profile A was the most frequent DNA pattern and was identified in 55 (75.3%) strains; three closely related and four possibly related profiles were also identified. During period II, 80 (68.8%) of 117 strains showed the same endemic profile A identified during period I, 18 (13.7%) closely related profiles and 18 (13.7%) possibly related profiles and, only one strain presented an unrelated profile. Cluster analysis showed a 96% coefficient of similarity between profile A from period I and profile A from period II, which were considered to be from the same clone. The molecular monitoring of MRSA strains permitted the determination of the clonal dissemination and the maintenance of a dominant endemic strain during a 10-year period and the presence of closely and possibly related patterns for endemic profile A. However, further studies are necessary to improve the understanding of the dissemination of the endemic profile in this hospital.

Bolos simples elaborados com farinha da entrecasca de melancia (Citrullus vulgaris, sobral): avaliação química, fisica e sensorial

A farinha da entrecasca de melancia (FEM) foi obtida, sua composição determinada e utilizada em formulação de bolos. Elaboraram-se bolos sem a FEM (controle) e contendo 7 e 30% de FEM em substituição à farinha de trigo (experimentais). A composição química, características físicas, físico-químicas foram determinadas. Na avaliação sensorial, cem provadores não treinados receberam amostras em blocos balanceados e realizaram testes sensoriais, utilizando escala hedônica de 9 pontos e comparação múltipla. Os dados obtidos foram avaliados por estatísticas descritivas, ANOVA, testes de Tukey e Dunnet. Os resultados revelaram que 100 g da FEM continham 9,06 g de umidade, 12,72 g de cinzas, 0,7 g de lipídios, 1,20 g de proteínas, 31,01 g de fibras insolúveis, 45,21 g de glicídios totais e 192,75 kcal. Nos bolos experimentais, os pesos, alturas, diâmetros e rendimentos foram maiores e o índice de expansão menor, bem como, o volume aparente do bolo com 30% FEM foi menor. Os bolos experimentais apresentaram menor pH, maior acidez titulável, maiores teores de fibra e umidade, menores de glicídios totais e reduzido valor energético. Os bolos obtiveram boa aceitação e mais de 60% dos provadores comprariam os bolos. O bolo com 7% FEM foi ligeiramente melhor que o controle, diferindo no aroma e sabor do que continha 30% FEM. Portanto, o uso de FEM para produção de bolos, nas condições dessa pesquisa, é viável do ponto de vista tecnológico, nutricional e sensorial.