984 resultados para PIC microcontroller


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"The lamplighter's story," by Dickens: p. [1]-16.

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"Liste chronologique des luthiers lyonnais du XVIe siècle": p. [73]

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∗The author supported by Contract NSFR MM 402/1994.

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Three new technologies have been brought together to develop a miniaturized radiation monitoring system. The research involved (1) Investigation a new HgI$\sb2$ detector. (2) VHDL modeling. (3) FPGA implementation. (4) In-circuit Verification. The packages used included an EG&G's crystal(HgI$\sb2$) manufactured at zero gravity, the Viewlogic's VHDL and Synthesis, Xilinx's technology library, its FPGA implementation tool, and a high density device (XC4003A). The results show: (1) Reduced cycle-time between Design and Hardware implementation; (2) Unlimited Re-design and implementation using the static RAM technology; (3) Customer based design, verification, and system construction; (4) Well suited for intelligent systems. These advantages excelled conventional chip design technologies and methods in easiness, short cycle time, and price in medium sized VLSI applications. It is also expected that the density of these devices will improve radically in the near future. ^

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The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was cultured under a broad range of carbonate chemistry conditions to distinguish the effects of individual carbonate system parameters on growth, primary production, and calcification. In the first experiment, alkalinity was kept constant and the fugacity of CO2(fCO2) varied from 2 to 600 Pa (1Pa ~ 10 µatm). In the second experiment, pH was kept constant (pHfree = 8) with fCO2 varying from 4 to 370 Pa. Results of the constant-alkalinity approach revealed physiological optima for growth, calcification, and organic carbon production at fCO2 values of ~20Pa, ~40 Pa, and ~80 Pa, respectively. Comparing this with the constant-pH approach showed that growth and organic carbon production increased similarly from low to intermediate CO2 levels but started to diverge towards higher CO2 levels. In the high CO2 range, growth rates and organic carbon production decreased steadily with declining pH at constant alkalinity while remaining consistently higher at constant pH. This suggests that growth and organic carbon production rates are directly related to CO2 at low (sub-saturating) concentrations, whereas towards higher CO2 levels they are adversely affected by the associated decrease in pH. A pH dependence at high fCO2 is also indicated for calcification rates, while the key carbonate system parameter determining calcification at low fCO2 remains unclear. These results imply that key metabolic processes in coccolithophores have their optima at different carbonate chemistry conditions and are influenced by different parameters of the carbonate system at both sides of the optimum.

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El objetivo de este libro es enseñar los principios fundamentales para la programación de los microcontroladores, tomando como base los microcontroladores PIC de Microchip. El texto está organizado en tres partes. La primera parte está fundamentada en los principios teóricos de la organización y su arquitectura; contiene las definiciones de las características generales de los procesadores, con énfasis en los recursos especiales del procesador, las funciones de cada uno de los bits, de sus registros, la organización de los mapas de memoria de programa y memoria de datos, el conjunto de instrucciones, sus puertos y sus principales periféricos. La segunda parte está orientada a las aplicaciones, y contiene las indicaciones para el manejo de las herramientas de desarrollo, programas de aplicación para la configuración y operación de sus puertos y aplicaciones para programar sus periféricos. Estas aplicaciones están desarrolladas con el lenguaje asembler o de bajo nivel y el lenguaje C. Estas dos opciones de programación dan la oportunidad al estudiante de aprender ambas técnicas y de escoger el lenguaje que más le convenga según sus necesidades. La tercera parte hace referencia a una sección de anexos que es un material de apoyo y consulta para el desarrollo de los programas que se presenta en el texto. El libro está dirigido especialmente a estudiantes y profesionales del campo de la electrónica y los sistemas.

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Desde los años 80’s, en los barrios populares de Cartagena y Barranquilla se ha venido desarrollando un fenómeno musical denominado champeta. Este tipo de música es descendiente de bailes populares conocidos en la tradición regional como casetas o verbenas, en los cuales el eje central son grandes amplificadores de sonido denominados picós y datan aproximadamente del decenio de 1950 del siglo XX . El presente trabajo se inscribe en los estudios sociales de la música en los que se analiza los procesos de creación, difusión y distribución por los que atraviesa una canción de champeta en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Caribe de Colombia. Teniendo en cuenta que dichos procesos responden a una lógica de circulación musical alternativa enmarcada en un contexto en el que la música champeta es marginada y estigmatizada por las élites costeñas y nacionales a través de varios mecanismos discursivos, legales y mediáticos, generando unas formas de circulación musical propias que colindan entre lo informal/ilegal.

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Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre a utilização das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC) na Atenção a Saúde, cujo objetivo é obter alternativas terapêuticas eficazes para a atuação dos profissionais da saúde da família. Este estudo demonstra que as práticas integrativas e complementares vêm se inserindo no atual cenário da saúde como uma proposta terapêutica alternativa, inovadora e eficaz, pautada em experiências bem sucedidas, visando à co-participação, a integralidade e a humanização da assistência. As PIC viabilizam o campo da promoção da saúde, sendo utilizadas pelos mais diversos segmentos da sociedade e adotadas pelos profissionais da saúde.

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Prosopis rubriflora and Prosopis ruscifolia are important species in the Chaquenian regions of Brazil. Because of the restriction and frequency of their physiognomy, they are excellent models for conservation genetics studies. The use of microsatellite markers (Simple Sequence Repeats, SSRs) has become increasingly important in recent years and has proven to be a powerful tool for both ecological and molecular studies. In this study, we present the development and characterization of 10 new markers for P. rubriflora and 13 new markers for P. ruscifolia. The genotyping was performed using 40 P. rubriflora samples and 48 P. ruscifolia samples from the Chaquenian remnants in Brazil. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the P. rubriflora markers ranged from 0.073 to 0.791, and no null alleles or deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HW) were detected. The PIC values for the P. ruscifolia markers ranged from 0.289 to 0.883, but a departure from HW and null alleles were detected for certain loci; however, this departure may have resulted from anthropic activities, such as the presence of livestock, which is very common in the remnant areas. In this study, we describe novel SSR polymorphic markers that may be helpful in future genetic studies of P. rubriflora and P. ruscifolia.

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Urochloa humidicola is a warm-season grass commonly used as forage in the tropics and is recognized for its tolerance to seasonal flooding. This grass is an important forage species for the Cerrado and Amazon regions of Brazil. U. humidicola is a polyploid species with variable ploidy (6X-9X) and facultative apomixis with high phenotypic plasticity. However, this apomixis and ploidy, as well as the limited knowledge of the genetic basis of the germplasm collection, have constrained genetic breeding activities, yet microsatellite markers may enable a better understanding of the species' genetic composition. This study aimed to develop and characterize new polymorphic microsatellite molecular markers in U. humidicola and to evaluate their transferability to other Urochloa species. A set of microsatellite markers for U. humidicola was identified from two new enriched genomic DNA libraries: the first library was constructed from a single sexual genotype and the second from a pool of eight apomictic genotypes selected on the basis of previous results. Of the 114 loci developed, 72 primer pairs presented a good amplification product, and 64 were polymorphic among the 34 genotypes tested. The number of bands per simple sequence repeat (SSR) locus ranged from 1 to 29, with a mean of 9.6 bands per locus. The mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of all loci was 0.77, and the mean discrimination power (DP) was 0.87. STRUCTURE analysis revealed differences among U. humidicola accessions, hybrids, and other Urochloa accessions. The transferability of these microsatellites was evaluated in four species of the genus, U. brizantha, U. decumbens, U. ruziziensis, and U. dictyoneura, and the percentage of transferability ranged from 58.33% to 69.44% depending on the species. This work reports new polymorphic microsatellite markers for U. humidicola that can be used for breeding programs of this and other Urochloa species, including genetic linkage mapping, quantitative trait loci identification, and marker-assisted selection.

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Two hundred and six patients with severe head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale of 8 points or less after nonsurgical resuscitation on admission), managed at Intensive Care Unit-Hospital das Clínicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas were prospectively analysed. All patients were assessed by CT scan and 72 required neurosurgical intervention. All patients were continuously monitored to evaluate intracranial pressure (ICP) levels by a subarachnoid device (11 with subarachnoid metallic bolts and 195 with subarachnoid polyvinyl catheters). The ICP levels were continuously observed in the bedside pressure monitor display and their end-hour values were recorded in a standard chart. The patients were managed according to a standard protocol guided by the ICP levels. There were no intracranial haemorrhagic complications or hematomas due the monitoring method. Sixty six patients were punctured by lateral C1-C2 technique to assess infectious complications and 2 had positive cerebrospinal fluid samples for Acinetobacter sp. The final results measured at hospital discharge showed 75 deaths (36,40%) and 131 (63,60%) survivors. ICP levels had significantly influenced the final results (p<0,001). The subarachnoid method to continuously assess the ICP levels was considered aplicable, safe, simple, low cost and useful to advise the management of the patients. The ICP record methodology was practical and useful. Despite the current technical advances the subarachnoid method was considered viable to assess the ICP levels in severe head injury.

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This work presents the development of low cost microprocessor-based equipment for generation of differential GPS correction signal, in real time, and configuration and supervision of the GPS base. The developed equipment contains a dedicated microcontroller connected to the GPS receiver, alphanumeric display and multifunction keyboard for configuration and operation of the system and communication interfaces. The electronic circuit has the function of receiving the information from GPS base; interpret them, converting the sentence in the RTCM SC-104 protocol. The microcontroller software makes the conversion of the signal received by the GPS base from the specific format to RTCM SC-104 protocol. The processing main board has two serials RS-232C standard interfaces. One of them is used for configuration and receiving the information generated by the GPS base. The other operates as output, sending the differential correction signal for the transmission system. The development of microprocessor-based equipment showed that it is possible the construction of a low cost private station for real time generation of differential GPS correction signal.