Urban sprawl and energy use for transportation in the largest Brazilian cities

A study of the relationships between the amount of energy consumed for transportation purposes and a few selected variables related to urban form and socioeconomic characteristics of some of the largest Brazilian cities is conducted in this work. The studied cities include all 27 state capitals regardless of their size and population and 184 urban areas each with more than 20,000 inhabitants located in the state of São Paulo. Two different techniques were applied for data analyses: a more traditional regression analysis approach and artificial neural networks. In general, the results found in the analyses conducted here support the assumption that urban sprawl increases the energy use for transportation. In the case of the 27 state capitals, the analysis indicated that two spatial variables have a strong impact on the energy consumed for urban transportation: urban density and the ratio between the longest distances in the east-west and north-south directions. In the case of the 184 urbanized areas we also reached a similar conclusion. In that case, however, income and employment level apparently have a stronger influence on the amount of energy consumed. The results of the present study stress the importance of physical planning in developing country cities in order to reduce energy use for transportation. © 2007 International Energy Initiative, Inc.

Latin America and the Caribbean in the World Economy 2004: 2005 trends

Includes bibliography

Las nuevas corrientes financieras hacia la América Latina: fuentes, efectos y políticas

Incluye Bibliografía

Estrutura térmica identificada por transectos móveis e canal termal do Landsat 7 em cidade tropical

This study aims to examine the thermal structure of the urban climate based on the interpretation of the satellite Landsat 7 (thermal channel) and measures for the area. It identifies how the production of urban climate develops based on an analysis of the structure of space forms and characteristics of land use and constructive materials in the generation of heat islands and their implications in environmental comfort in a tropical climate medium size city at Brazil. To check intra-urban air temperature, measures were carried out in mobile transects in the North-South and East-West routes. Thermal Channel data of Landsat-7, were converted to surface values. The results showed that the pattern of urbanization and characteristics of land use are responsible for the distribution of temperature generating heat islands in downtown and popular densely built neighborhoods. In those cases the highest indexes of social segregation added to higher temperature also provokes elevation in the number of illnesses and morbidity cases, mostly of respiratory diseases.

Information society and public ICT policies in the Caribbean: a review of advances and challenges, policy instruments and country experiences

Includes bibliography

Corrientes de fondos privados europeos hacia América Latina: hechos y planteamientos

Incluye Bibliografía

El movimiento de capitales en Argentina

Incluye Bibliografía

Repunte de los flujos de capital y el desarrollo: implicaciones para las políticas económicas

Incluye Bibliografía

Flujos de capital: el caso de México

Incluye Bibliografía

El financiamiento latinoamericano en los mercados de capital de Japón

Incluye Bibliografía

La reanudación de las corrientes privadas de capital hacia América Latina: el papel de los inversionistas norteamericanos

Incluye Bibliografía

Movimientos de capitales, estrategia exportadora y estabilidad macroeconómica en Chile

Incluye Bibliografía

Two stops in today's new global geographies: shaping novel labor supplies and employment regimes

Includes bibliography

International asymmetries and the design of the International Financial System

Includes bibliography

Markets and the State in the evolution of the "Prebisch manifesto"

Includes bibliography