Unserm geliebten abgegangenen Meister vom Stuhl Johann Merkel bei Seiner Zurückkunft vom baierischen Landtage : den 7. October 1825

[Johann Heinrich Wilhelm] Witschel

Gründliche Untersuchung der unter dem Nahmen des T. T. Hn. Johann Friderich Rübel ... in dieser Tagen im Druck erschienenen Aufrichtigen und unpartheyischen Prüfung des Dreyfachen Beweises des D. Joh. Helfrich Sagittarii ...

dargethan von Joseph Nepomuc Hobel

Johann Andreä Eisenmengers Entdecktes Judenthum oder Gründlicher und wahrhaffter Bericht, welchergestalt die verstockte Juden die hochheilige Drey-Einigkeit, Gott Vater, Sohn und Heil. Geist erschrecklicher Weise lästern und verunehren, die Heil. Mutter Christi verschmähen, das Neue Testament, die Evangelisten und Aposteln, die Christliche Religion spöttisch durchziehen, und die gantze Christenheit auff das äusserste verachten und verfluchen : dabei noch viel andere, bißhero unter den Christen entweder gar nicht oder nur zum Theil bekant gewesene Dinge ... ; alles aus ihren eigenen und zwar sehr vielen mit grosser Mühe und unverdrossenem Fleiß durchlesenen Büchern mit Ausziehung der hebräischen Worte und derer treuen Ubersetzung in die Teutsche Sprach kräfftiglich erwiesen und in zweyen Theilen verfasset, deren jeder seine behörige, allemal von einer gewissen Materie außführlich handelnde Capitel enthält ; allen Christen zur treuhertzigen Nachricht verfertiget und mit vollkommenen Registern versehen

Teilw. in Fraktur. - Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. hebr.

Leviathan oder Rabbinen und Juden : mehr als kom. Roman u. doch Wahrheit ; voll d. kurzweiligsten Erzählungen u. doch Ernst ; Parascha 1-3

vom Verf. d. Behemoth [d.i. Andreas Riem]

Johann Hoff und Johann Hoff, oder: Die Wunder des Malz-Extracts : ägyptische Burleske mit antiken Couplets in 1 Akt

von Eduard Hermann Schaute

Johann Andreä Eisenmengers Entdecktes Judenthum oder: Gründlicher und wahrhaffter Bericht, welchergestalt die verstockte Juden die hochheilige Drey-Einigkeit, Gott Vater, Sohn und Heil. Geist erschrecklicher Weise lästern und verunehren ... : in 2 Theilen ...

Angaben für Theil 1 auf der Haupttitelseite: Des bey 40. Jahr von der Judenschafft mit Arrest bestrickt gewesene Johann Andrea Eisenmengers Entdecktes Judenthum

Beamlet based direct aperture optimization for MERT using a photon MLC

PURPOSE A beamlet based direct aperture optimization (DAO) for modulated electron radiotherapy (MERT) using photon multileaf collimator (pMLC) shaped electron fields is developed and investigated. METHODS The Swiss Monte Carlo Plan (SMCP) allows the calculation of dose distributions for pMLC shaped electron beams. SMCP is interfaced with the Eclipse TPS (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) which can thus be included into the inverse treatment planning process for MERT. This process starts with the import of a CT-scan into Eclipse, the contouring of the target and the organs at risk (OARs), and the choice of the initial electron beam directions. For each electron beam, the number of apertures, their energy, and initial shape are defined. Furthermore, the DAO requires dose-volume constraints for the structures contoured. In order to carry out the DAO efficiently, the initial electron beams are divided into a grid of beamlets. For each of those, the dose distribution is precalculated using a modified electron beam model, resulting in a dose list for each beamlet and energy. Then the DAO is carried out, leading to a set of optimal apertures and corresponding weights. These optimal apertures are now converted into pMLC shaped segments and the dose calculation for each segment is performed. For these dose distributions, a weight optimization process is launched in order to minimize the differences between the dose distribution using the optimal apertures and the pMLC segments. Finally, a deliverable dose distribution for the MERT plan is obtained and loaded back into Eclipse for evaluation. For an idealized water phantom geometry, a MERT treatment plan is created and compared to the plan obtained using a previously developed forward planning strategy. Further, MERT treatment plans for three clinical situations (breast, chest wall, and parotid metastasis of a squamous cell skin carcinoma) are created using the developed inverse planning strategy. The MERT plans are compared to clinical standard treatment plans using photon beams and the differences between the optimal and the deliverable dose distributions are determined. RESULTS For the idealized water phantom geometry, the inversely optimized MERT plan is able to obtain the same PTV coverage, but with an improved OAR sparing compared to the forwardly optimized plan. Regarding the right-sided breast case, the MERT plan is able to reduce the lung volume receiving more than 30% of the prescribed dose and the mean lung dose compared to the standard plan. However, the standard plan leads to a better homogeneity within the CTV. The results for the left-sided thorax wall are similar but also the dose to the heart is reduced comparing MERT to the standard treatment plan. For the parotid case, MERT leads to lower doses for almost all OARs but to a less homogeneous dose distribution for the PTV when compared to a standard plan. For all cases, the weight optimization successfully minimized the differences between the optimal and the deliverable dose distribution. CONCLUSIONS A beamlet based DAO using multiple beam angles is implemented and successfully tested for an idealized water phantom geometry and clinical situations.

Forward treatment planning for modulated electron radiotherapy (MERT) employing Monte Carlo methods

PURPOSE This paper describes the development of a forward planning process for modulated electron radiotherapy (MERT). The approach is based on a previously developed electron beam model used to calculate dose distributions of electron beams shaped by a photon multi leaf collimator (pMLC). METHODS As the electron beam model has already been implemented into the Swiss Monte Carlo Plan environment, the Eclipse treatment planning system (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) can be included in the planning process for MERT. In a first step, CT data are imported into Eclipse and a pMLC shaped electron beam is set up. This initial electron beam is then divided into segments, with the electron energy in each segment chosen according to the distal depth of the planning target volume (PTV) in beam direction. In order to improve the homogeneity of the dose distribution in the PTV, a feathering process (Gaussian edge feathering) is launched, which results in a number of feathered segments. For each of these segments a dose calculation is performed employing the in-house developed electron beam model along with the macro Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm. Finally, an automated weight optimization of all segments is carried out and the total dose distribution is read back into Eclipse for display and evaluation. One academic and two clinical situations are investigated for possible benefits of MERT treatment compared to standard treatments performed in our clinics and treatment with a bolus electron conformal (BolusECT) method. RESULTS The MERT treatment plan of the academic case was superior to the standard single segment electron treatment plan in terms of organs at risk (OAR) sparing. Further, a comparison between an unfeathered and a feathered MERT plan showed better PTV coverage and homogeneity for the feathered plan, with V95% increased from 90% to 96% and V107% decreased from 8% to nearly 0%. For a clinical breast boost irradiation, the MERT plan led to a similar homogeneity in the PTV compared to the standard treatment plan while the mean body dose was lower for the MERT plan. Regarding the second clinical case, a whole breast treatment, MERT resulted in a reduction of the lung volume receiving more than 45% of the prescribed dose when compared to the standard plan. On the other hand, the MERT plan leads to a larger low-dose lung volume and a degraded dose homogeneity in the PTV. For the clinical cases evaluated in this work, treatment plans using the BolusECT technique resulted in a more homogenous PTV and CTV coverage but higher doses to the OARs than the MERT plans. CONCLUSIONS MERT treatments were successfully planned for phantom and clinical cases, applying a newly developed intuitive and efficient forward planning strategy that employs a MC based electron beam model for pMLC shaped electron beams. It is shown that MERT can lead to a dose reduction in OARs compared to other methods. The process of feathering MERT segments results in an improvement of the dose homogeneity in the PTV.