Movimentos de resist��ncia ao consumo: condições de exist��ncia e implica����es para pol��ticas p��blicas

O modo de consumir nas sociedades contempor��neas tem afetado diretamente as formas de exerc��cio da cidadania pelos sujeitos. O processo cont��nuo de resignifica����o dos bens, associado ao crescente descr��dito nas institui����es pol��ticas e representativas dos direitos sociais tem fomentado a prolifera����o de institui����es e modos alternativos de participa����o. Canclini (2008, p.29) afirma que ���homens e mulheres percebem que muitas das perguntas pr��prias dos cidad��os [...] recebem suas respostas mais atrav��s do consumo privado de bens e dos meios de comunica����o de massa do que pelas regras abstratas da democracia ou pela participa����o coletiva em espa��os p��blicos���. Portanto, o estudo da reconfigura����o dos v��nculos entre consumo e cidadania �� uma forma de vislumbrar novas possibilidades de participa����o social e representa����o de interesses da sociedade civil. Embora a maior parte dos estudos sobre consumo ainda esteja debru��ada sobre o entendimento da satisfa����o dos consumidores, este trabalho busca evidenciar o consumidor como foco de resist��ncia ao consumo. Assim, utilizei o m��todo de an��lise de narrativas para identificar junto aos participantes do Movimento das Donas de Casa e Consumidores (MDCC) as condições em que algum tipo de resist��ncia fosse poss��vel. Para isso, foram realizadas 16 entrevistas em profundidade nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Minas Gerais. Paralelamente, busquei descrever as estrat��gias de participa����o do MDCC na formula����o de pol��ticas p��blicas, enquanto representante da sociedade civil no que diz respeito �� prote����o dos direitos dos consumidores. As observa����es indicam que a exist��ncia de um oponente, de uma inten����o e de mecanismos de a����o em torno da (re)contru����o de signos coletivos desse grupo evidenciam condições favor��veis para a exist��ncia do MDCC como uma institui����o de resist��ncia ao consumo.

As consequ��ncias econ��micas e sociais da representa����o legislativa das mulheres

Com o aumento progressivo do percentual das mulheres nas c��maras legislativas do mundo, examinamos quais seriam suas consequ��ncias em decis��es de gastos p��blicos, sa��de e educa����o na pr��-inf��ncia e at�� na aprova����o de medidas pol��micas, como o aborto sob demanda. Sob a luz dos modelos de ``cidad��o-candidato'' e com base em evid��ncias emp��ricas de que mulheres t��m prefer��ncias pol��ticas mais voltadas ao bem-estar social, utilizamos o m��todo do corte seccional aplicado a m��dias no tempo a fim de testar nossas hip��teses. De fato, a presen��a feminina nos congressos do mundo traz maiores gastos p��blicos sobre produto, direcionados principalmente a sa��de e educa����o, al��m de uma redu����o nos gastos militares. Nas taxas de matr��cula em educa����o pr��-prim��ria, tamb��m h�� influ��ncia positiva de parlamentares do g��nero feminino, o mesmo n��o podendo ser dito sobre indicadores de sa��de infantil. Em uma an��lise gr��fica, encontramos rela����o positiva entre mulheres nos parlamentos e legaliza����o do aborto e do casamento homossexual.

Ant��doto �� rivalidade: sororidade, substantivo feminino: termo usado usado para expressar empatia entre mulheres ganha for��a nas redes sociais

Termo usado para expressar empatia entre mulheres ganha for��a nas redes sociais

Representa����es sociais do comportamento agressivo do homem sob a ��tica da mulher em situa����o de viol��ncia

We aim to understand the social representations of man's aggressive behavior from the perspective of women in situations of domestic violence. This is a descriptive, exploratory and representational study, whose methodological approach falls into the qualitative category. We chose as a scenario for research, by the Reference Center for Citizen Women (CRMC), Natal / RN. The criteria for selection of participants were women who lived/live in situations of domestic violence, with affective or relationship bonding with the assailant, in psychological and emotional positions appropriated to the reality; that are being protected or assisted by the service listed above; whose aggressor is male. We adopted as data collection instruments: questionnaire, Drawing-Story (DE) and a field diary. For analysis of textual data, we decided to use the ALCESTE software conjugated to editing analyze and initial reading. Were investigated 20 women victims of domestic violence, whose author of the attacks was the husband/partner. We identified, from the respondents, that 70% (n = 14) of men with aggressive behavior also had a family history of violence and fragile family relationships. About the physical and emotional condition of the assailant at the time of violence, 50% (n = 10) of these men, regardless the use of alcohol, had often quarrelsome and/or nervous behavior, impatient and unpredictable humor facing a setback, worry or annoyance. Regarding the nature of violence, we observed that women were victims of all types of violence, however, the psychological prevailed in 100% of cases. The corpus "Men" has three classes, whose focuses are, respectively: resignation, denounce and violence/aggression, being possible categorizing them as well: Category 1: The imprisonment of women; Category 2: Violence and its meanings; Category 3: Breaking the violent cycle. We show that the social representations of man s aggressive behavior, from the women in situations of violence, are anchored in the social roles of men in family and society, becoming a dominant model of masculinity. It is aimed, on one hand, from the reproduction of what is already known and/or experienced by male aggressors in the family, as repetitions of behavior. And on the other, present themselves as a state of illness, addiction or psychopathy

Comportamento de par��metros fisiol��gicos de homens e mulheres em condições de estresse laboral submetidos �� t��cnica Watsu

The physiological variations of parameters in situations of laboral stress can function like indicator in the sprouting of disorder. Those conditions have led researchers to investigate alternatives that can favor the quality of life in persons under stress laboral. The present research had as objectives investigate the physiological behavior of parameters (blood pressure, heart hat and respiratory hat) of men and women in condition of stress laboral submitted to the technique Watsu. It was used a experimental methodology with a group formed by men and women in reproductive age, that work as salesclerk in a supermarket net in Natal/RN. The seven individuals selected were submitted to the three phases of the study (dependent groups), that consisted of the phase 1 of obtaining from the measure basal (control 1), in the phase 2 of immersion in the water (control 2), and phase 3 from the application the technique Watsu (experimental phase). It was verified that during the phase basal (condition 1) the physiological parameters (BPS, BPD, HH and RH) of both sexes evaluated showed the medium values of the women (average��detour-standard: BSP = 104.1��7.92; BPD = 70.83 ��7.92; HH = 77.58 ��3.87; RH = 19.83 ��2.58) similar those presented by the men (BPS = 118.75 ��7.55; BPD = 75.00 ��9.91; HH = 71.75 ��14.95; RH = 16.62 ��3.99). The evaluation of those parameters before and after immersion of the volunteers in the water (condition 2) showed a significant reduction (W = 3.0: p≤0.05) barely for the values of BPS presented by the sex females after immersion. In the men group, all of the physiological parameters analyzed did not vary significantly. Regarding the profile of those variables before and after application of the watsu (condition 3), was verified a significant increase (W= 0,0: p≤0.05) for the BPS one and SABP in the women. The Men did not show significant variation for all of the physiological parameters. Faced with the results presented, we are able to conclude that the systolic and diastolic blood pressures were the physiological parameters that are on influence from the Technique Watsu, only for the kind females

Inser����o e atua����o profissional do psic��logo no campo das pol��ticas sociais no Rio Grande do Norte

Since the first years of the regulation of Psychology as a profession in Brazil, it has been carried out studies on the academic graduation, practice, workplace and the social commitment of the category. Despite the diversity of goals and propositions, these studies show that psychologists have been significantly inserted into the social policies field, implying changes in the profession. Since the 1980s, researches in Rio Grande do Norte corroborate the results of national studies. The aim of this paper is to study the insertion and professional career of psychologists in the social policies field in Rio Grande do Norte. In order to accomplish the final results of this paper, it was developed an exploratory research, with the use of a questionnaire, comprised of four parts: general data, academic graduation, complementary graduation and professional experience. The results show three groups of information: characterization, insertion and professional performance. It has been verified expressive insertion of psychologists into the social policies field (41%). The socio-demographic and graduation characteristics are not different from those shown by literature: women, young, from families with an average of 7 to 15 minimum wages. Most of them graduated from public institutions and with post-graduation studies in clinical area. The professionals studied seem to be in worse working conditions compared to the rest of the category, which are also in unfavorable conditions, especially the psychologists who work in social assistance institutions, which present greater problems in its structure. The activities developed do not show anything new, reserving conservative practices instead of effective innovations, emphasizing the discussion on the profession for not considering demands presented to the psychologists in the social policies field. With unique scenario, the eproduction of liberal values corroborates classic performance standards; an unpolitical and uncritical practice is diffused. It is then reconsidered the importance of critical studies that organize goals to the category, with the aim of political transformation concerning the current scenario.

As rela����es de g��nero no trabalho: uma an��lise da inser����o das mulheres e homens na rede de fast food

The purpose of this study was investigate the sexual division of the work in a chain of fast food, in Natal, RN. These aspects were analyzed with the ways of organization of the work, being made a case study. The main objective of this survey was to analyze the influence of gender relations in the insertion of men and women in the job market and to analyze the question of feminine submission in the professional world. These questions were analyzed considering the current period of the worldwide capitalism, from the characteristics of productive process and the growth of the service sectors. The research was made with a group of workers on the production sectors; attendance, management and human resources at restfood store, where six clerks were interviewed. Through our research, it is possible to perceive the permanence of the sexual division at the job in the interior of the productive processes at Restfood, that puts the woman in a subordinate position in relation to the man. This result can be confirmed if we considerate that the women, on this chain of food, occupy in first place the function of waitress and on this, trere s no functional progression, while her workmates (the men) for occupying other functions can progress inside the company. It was also evidenced that in a context of globalization of the capital, deregulation and disrespect of labor laws, the capital acts without any respect to workers. That was what we observed at the interviewer speech; the scarcity of the conditions of work and the constant disrespect of the labor laws. This way, we could evidence that the scarcity of work conditions hit men and women, but it has a crueler face with the women, and this one reproduces itself, day by day in the process of social reproduction, through family life, insertion in the world of the work, information and received social education. So, the capital explores all of them, but the gender relations create to the capital, the possibility of a different degree of exploration, becoming this way, the women main victims herself

Processo de trabalho em sa��de: uma an��lise das condições de trabalho dos assistentes sociais no ��mbito hospitalar

This paper presents the survey results: PROCEDURE FOR WORK IN HEALTH: an analysis of working conditions of social workers in hospitals. Analyzes the inclusion of social workers in work processes in healthcare, specifically in the public hospital, from the objective conditions of work, according to which materializes professional action. The aim is to understand them from the point of view of its relationship with users and other health professionals through the privatization of health, which prevents the Unified Health System (SUS), limiting the operation of the services and the guarantee of rights. The approach to the reality studied was through theoretical and methodological procedures based on the qualitative and quantitative research, focusing on documentary research, observation, semi-structured interview and the theoretical foundation. It is observed that the inclusion of social workers in this context arises from the demands derived from expressions of social issues, "raw material" of professional work, and the gaps resulting from contradictions in the process of rationalization / reorganization of the SUS, meaning that the needs the population are confronted with the content and form of organization of services. At the hospital, the professional actions are developed through the shift, space contradictory clash between the collective and individual, in which individual activities are prioritized and ad hoc unplanned and reduced to the solution of "problems" of users, through actions assistance in an emergency and bureaucratic. These findings emphasize the inadequacy of space and lack of minimum conditions of service to users, which undertakes the professional with regard to ethical and political principles of the profession, since it is the responsibility and duty of the social guarantee the secrecy and privacy of users what is revealed during the process of professional intervention. The professional social workers is permeated by the diversity of skills and competence; lack of planning activities, by incorporating the institutional discourse at the expense of professional goals, by knowing the Code of Professional Ethics, for small number of professionals, the increasing number informality; by poor working conditions and wages; by discouraging research and participation in social policy councils, as well as professional training

As Mulheres e as Muralhas do Patriarcado e do Capitalismo: Terceiriza����o e Precariza����o do Trabalho no Sistema do Capital

Our dissertation deals with the material living conditions of women workers and the relations of the wage who undergo in the hospital scope, taking as the locus of empirical research the Hospital Dr. Jo��o Machado, located in Natal / RN. Its purpose is to analyze the main implications of precarious work contracts in the economic and social dimensions from life of workers, explaining the main conditionings. The majority presence of women in wage relations not only in the hospital service, as well as in the service sector in general has motivated us to appreciation of the form of participation of women in health services and, in particular, at the hospital space. From the critical dialectical method, through processes of successive approximations to the reality, we analyze the patriarchal system of social relations and their repercussions for the Social and Sexual Division of Labor in the context of contemporary capitalist society, explaining the determinants of inequality, founded in social relations of sex, to the predominance of women in the hospital service and unveiling these participation trends in the labor market. The analyzes are based on bibliographic research - theoretical and methodological basis of research - combined with reflections that emerged from the field. The systematized and analyzed information reveal the uniqueness of the current social and economic situation of workers women with ties outsourced, paradoxically expresses on the expansion of the insertion in universe of labor, in overexploitation, in the precariousness of work and living conditions and persistent inequality in and in the social relations and in relations between the sexes

Desigualdades sociais na preval��ncia de doen��as cr��nicas no Brasil, PNAD-2003

Os inqu��ritos de sa��de de base populacional constituem o principal instrumento utilizado para conhecer a preval��ncia de doen��as cr��nicas, de restri����es de atividades e de uso de servi��os de sa��de. Com base nos dados da PNAD-2003, foram estimadas as preval��ncias das 12 doen��as cr��nicas pesquisadas, segundo sexo, idade, cor, escolaridade, macrorregi��o de resid��ncia e situa����o urbana ou rural do domic��lio. Foram analisados a presen��a de limita����es e o uso de servi��os de sa��de segundo a presen��a de doen��a cr��nica. Utilizando regress��o de Poisson, foram estimadas as raz��es de preval��ncias ajustadas por idade, sexo, macrorregi��o de resid��ncia e tipo de respondente. A preval��ncia de pelo menos uma doen��a cr��nica aumentou com a idade, foi maior entre mulheres, ind��genas, pessoas com menor escolaridade, cidad��os detentores de plano de sa��de, migrantes de outros estados, residentes em ��reas urbanas e moradores da regi��o Sul. A presen��a de doen��a cr��nica provocou aumento de limita����o de atividades e da demanda por servi��os de sa��de. As condições mais prevalentes foram: doen��a de coluna, hipertens��o, artrite e depress��o. Foi detectada significativa desigualdade social no padr��o das doen��as cr��nicas, segundo g��nero, cor/ra��a, n��vel de escolaridade, regi��o de resid��ncia e situa����o do domic��lio.

Percep����o das condições de sa��de bucal por gestantes atendidas em uma unidade de sa��de no munic��pio de Araraquara, S��o Paulo, Brasil

OBJETIVOS: avaliar a percep����o das condições de sa��de bucal de um grupo de gestantes, atrav��s da aplica����o do ��ndice General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). M��TODOS: participaram do estudo 53 gestantes que freq��entavam uma Unidade B��sica de Sa��de em Araraquara, S��o Paulo. Foi aplicado um question��rio contendo quest��es do ��ndice GOHAI, quest��es sobre a autopercep����o das condições bucais e sobre as caracter��sticas s��cio-demogr��ficas. Por meio dos testes n��o-param��tricos Mann-Whitney e Kruskall-Wallis, foram determinados a associa����o das vari��veis sociais e de autopercep����o com o ��ndice GOHAI. RESULTADOS: a percep����o das condições bucais, medida pelo ��ndice GOHAI, foi positiva e apresentou um valor m��dio de 31,6. Os dados subjetivos mostram que apenas 12,0% das gestantes classificaram sua condi����o bucal como ruim, a maioria declarou nenhum problema dent��rio, embora 58,7% tenha relatado dist��rbios gengivais. As quest��es como dor e/ou desconforto foram as mais percebidas pelas gestantes. CONCLUS��ES: as gestantes fizeram uma avalia����o positiva de sua condi����o bucal, estando o ��ndice GOHAI associado a vari��veis relacionadas �� autopercep����o. Tal ��ndice pode ser aplicado em grupos populacionais como as gestantes, possibilitando medidas educativas e/ou preventivas direcionadas ��s suas reais necessidades.