Adubação nitrogenada para milho com o uso de plantas de cobertura e modos de aplicação de calcário

O sistema plantio direto (SPD) é uma realidade na região dos Cerrados, mas alguns questionamentos persistem nesse tipo de manejo como o modo de realização da calagem e a dose de nitrogênio (N) a ser adotada em cultura comercial, em relação às culturas precedentes. Desse modo, objetivou-se avaliar modos de aplicar o calcário na implantação do SPD e o efeito de culturas de cobertura precedentes sobre a necessidade de adubação nitrogenada da cultura do milho, durante diferentes anos agrícolas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2 (modos de aplicação do calcário x culturas de cobertura) e posterior divisão em três subparcelas, referentes às doses de N (0, 90 e 180 kg ha-1). Foram avaliados quatro modos de aplicação de calcário: incorporado a 0-0,2 m, em out./2001; dose total em superfície aplicada, em out./2001; aplicação de 1/2 da dose, em out./2001, e 1/2, em ago./2002, na superfície; e aplicação de 1/3 da dose recomendada, em mar./2001, + 1/3, em out./2001, e 1/3, em ago./2002, também em superfície. Além de um tratamento testemunha (sem calcário) e duas culturas de cobertura, crotalária e milheto. Os diferentes modos de calagem não alteraram a produtividade de grãos de milho. O cultivo de milho após crotalária apresentou melhor desempenho e menor demanda de adubação nitrogenada, quando comparado ao cultivado após milheto.

Transplantes: re-inserção social e qualidade de vida dos transplantados cardíacos do Estado do RN

The experience of transplantation is a very serious situation from the clinical standpoint. Therefore, there must be some subjective and social breakdown in people who have been undergone such a procedure. Recent product of modernity, the transplanted is someone who owns his recover to the scientific advances of contemporary society and a deceased donor. This paper aims at examine the implications, from the changes in patterns of behavior and thought that occur after the experience of an extreme and critical situation, as the process of illness and its consequent transplant surgery. The symbolism of the heart suggests that some social impressions about the organ itself are also reflected in how the transplanted interprets the experience of this type of procedure. So investigating how the changes occurred throughout the process interfere in the re-insertion of these people to social life, after his recovery, is the purpose of this work. The concept of habitus coined by Pierre Bourdieu will be used to measure conceptually how this experience (clinical, modern and symbolic) fits in the contemporary discussion of sociology

Inclusão digital: a inserção das tecnologias informacionais nas escolas públicas da RMNatal

This study aims to determine the influence of Digital Inclusion in school performance of students from public high school in the metropolitan area of Natal, through the use of computers in a pedagogical and Internet use.Throughout the paper we try to answer the question: The pedagogical use of computers connected to the Internet contributes to improving the academic performance of students in public schools in the RMNatal? To answer the research question, we focus on the database INEP on the infrastructure of schools and the bank rates of school performance. For both technical procedures performed to obtain the relationship between Internet and School Performance. Then the School Settings have been configured for Digital Inclusion and made crosses with the approval rates, distortion and failure. The survey results indicate that according to the classification established in: Included in School Settings, School Settings deficit, Adverse Environments School and School Settings Deleted, which has prevailed in the metropolitan area of Natal are the schools that are provided outside.

Resposta de mudas de goiabeira a doses e modos de aplicação de fertilizante fosfatado

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o desenvolvimento de mudas de goiabeira em resposta a doses e modos de aplicação de fertilizante fosfatado. As mudas de goiabeira foram transplantadas em conjuntos de vasos (sacos plásticos, 18 x 28 cm) geminados, contendo em cada lado 2,8 dm³ do subsolo de um Argissolo (P resina = 1 mg dm-3), de modo que a metade do sistema radicular ficasse em cada vaso. Usou-se um fatorial 2 x 3 x 2 + 1 (testemunha, sem fósforo), em 5 blocos casualizados. As doses de 70; 140 e 280 mg de P dm-3 de solo, na forma de superfosfato triplo, foram aplicadas de dois modos diferentes com relação ao solo (distribuído em todo o volume do solo ou localizado a 1/3 de profundidade) e dois modos diferentes com relação às raízes (dividindo-se a dose igualmente entre os dois vasos do conjunto ou aplicando-se a dose total em um único vaso). Cem dias após o transplante, verificou-se maior acúmulo de P e maior produção de matéria seca nas plantas que receberam adubação fosfatada. As mudas de goiabeira responderam positivamente à adubação fosfatada, sendo a dose próxima de 100 mg de P dm-3 de solo suficiente para o bom desenvolvimento das plantas. Doses acima de 200 mg de P dm-3 promoveram redução do crescimento das mudas de goiabeira. A disponibilização de fósforo à metade ou a todo o sistema radicular da goiabeira não afetou o suprimento desse nutriente às mudas e tampouco o seu desenvolvimento. A aplicação do adubo fosfatado distribuído em todo o volume de solo no vaso proporcionou maior desenvolvimento do sistema radicular e menor desenvolvimento da parte aérea das mudas de goiabeira, comparado à aplicação localizada do adubo a 1/3 de profundidade.

Modos de ser e modos de viver : a trajetória dos estrangeiros em Natal/RN

This work aims to understand the trajectory of immigrants living in Natal / RN, between the years 1990 and 2009, their motivations for this change, their sociability relations, as well as the impact of this group in Natal and specifically, in the district of Ponta Negra, where most of them established their residences or work. Considering that the historical, political, economical and social environment where these immigrants are inserted, are different from that experienced by former immigrants who came to Brazil in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a period of mass migration, it was revealed that immigration studied in contemporary Natal constitutes a new configuration (Elias, 1994). This new configuration is represented by several characteristics that distinguish this contemporary immigration, as: the relationship established by these foreigners, both with their country of origin and the destination, the formation of social networks that offer support to newcomers and those already installed, the relations of sociability with locals and a new relationship of belonging with the space, since the possibility of coming and going from one country to the other, allows a (re)production of their original ?? social and economic life in the new space. The research methodology was based on the analysis of narrative interviews, in light of the theory of Schütze (1977) in order to understand the faces of this immigration. As theoretical support for the data analysis the theories of authors such as Norbert Elias, presentedin his work about the established and outsiders, Pierre Bourdieu, and his concept of habitus, distinction and style of life, Georg Simmel, and his study of life in the metropolis, his analysis of the foreigner and his theory of sociability, among others. This study attempted to give visibility to foreigners living in Natal, who experience the dynamics of the district of Ponta Negra and reconstruct their daily relations of sociability in this space. In fact, the presence of foreigners in this urban context allows for the construction of new configurations, both in terms of the physical space of the neighborhood, which has been modified by the touristification process and the real estate market, which is molded to meet this demand, but also in their social sphere, with regard to the relations established between foreign residents and locals. In seeking to characterize these migratory experiences it could be understood that the trajectories of each foreigner is part of a broader social structure, which cannot be evaluated neither disconnected from the contexts in which they operate, nor under a single point of view

Revelando os modos de vida da Ponta do Tubarão

It is analyzed the social struggle held by locals at Barreiras, Diogo Lopes and Sertãozinho communities (Macau-RN) in order to avoid the ownership of its mangrove area to hotel managers, in 1995 and to hinder the destruction of Ilha dos Cavalos mangrove by the shrimp producers, in 2000, what led to the creation of Ponta do Tubarão Reserve of State Sustainable Development, located at Macau and Guamaré cities, northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, respectively 180 and 200 kilometers away from Natal, created in July, 18, 2003 by the Decree State Law n. 8.349, to preserve its traditional territory and way of life. It is photographed and analyzed the developed ways of life in this Unit of Conservation, from the sociocultural category, based in pointers of the material production in the life ways as: the work, the leisure, the religion, the popular knowledge and the action of the contemporary men on the environment. In this perspective, it is considered as method strategy a sociocultural photo cartography, created to this research, and to be concretized used photographic documents, observation, interviews, documental research and bibliographic research, being an association of techniques as peculiarities of this strategy of research. It is concluded that the social struggle developed by the collective actors at Ponta do Tubarão Reserve of State Sustainable Development, is characterized as a transforming action against the global and predatory capital, for the maintenance of the environment and the traditional way of life; One also concludes that the sociocultural photo cartography is very important as a proposal of possible procedures to being used in qualitative researches, because of its analytical potentialities providing a more including vision of the sociocultural routine of the studied space, in the attempt to know and to disclose the relations lived for the citizens of the research in Social Sciences

O emprego juvenil no limiar do século XXI :estudo a partir da RAIS e dos programas de inserção de jovens no mercado de trabalho de Natal/RN

This study received the title THE JUVENILE EMPLOYMENT IN THE THRESHOLD OF THE XXI CENTURY: study starting from RAIS and of the programs of youths' insert in the labor market of Natal/RN . It presents as main objective to investigate, starting from the officials data of the Ministério do trabalho e emprego - MTE and of the federal and state government programs, the evolution of the formal employment for youths and the difficulties that leads the success of the returned initiatives the youths' insert in the formal market of work in Brazil and in Rio Grande do Norte, in the period from 2000 to 2004. To accomplish the research, it prioritizes the study of the evolution of the formal employment starting from the data of the MTE as form of diagnosing the formal market of the juvenile work. Search a descriptive way to identify the first results of the programs Primeiro Emprego- PPE (federal) and Primeira Chance - PPC (state), to interpret and to identify the existent gaps among the proposal initial of those programs and the first results obtained in the city of Natal. The research has character no-probability and it applies closed questionnaires for youths assisted by the programs. Were interviewed the local representatives of PPE and PPC, besides representatives of the organized civil society all through open structured interview, covering a total of 103 interviews. The results demonstrated that while PPC (state) obtained success inserting youngs, the PPE (federal) just got to insert 1,5% of the amount subsidized by the state program in Natal. That situation demonstrates a clear preference of the companies for PPC (state), in detriment of the federal program

Robótica e educação: uma possibilidade de inserção sócio-digital

This paper presents a reflection on the use of robotics in education technology and the fostering of social and digital inclusion, unveiling a new field that has been outlined today. Robotics constitutes a tool still little known and not regulated at national level in education, there is little experience involving the tool in the Northeast. This research aims to reveal one of the first experiments with educational level robotics in Rio Grande do Norte. We present a field research conducted in a public school chancellor for a major institute of science and technology education of the state from seeking review of the robotics course, understand how they work and show their use in school and shows that contributions were generated for digital inclusion category students, based on speeches by teachers, engineers, management and students. As part of gathering information, we used the focus group technique, applied in two stages, one with groups of students, teachers and other school administration, as well as comments directed to the times when the robotics course was being finalized. As a result, we found that the school, through the robotics course is a provider of social and digital inclusion, since it awakens in the sample of students in this research knowledge enabler of social change. And that despite the student category do not understand the depth of meaning of inclusion, the same report in daily actions that integrate technology into their social context in harmony, enjoying its cultural citizenship in full

Contar no caminho: escritas de si, percursos de formação e inserção institucional de professores da infância

El trabajo tiene como objeto de estudio la percepción de profesores de la infancia respecto sus itinerarios de formación y proyectos de inserción institucional, y como objetivo analizar como los participantes de la investigación articulan, narrativamente, sus itinerarios de formación y proyectos de actuación profesional para inserción institucional en un Colegio de Aplicación. Adopta principios epistemológicos y métodos de la investigación (auto)biográfica: Ferrarotti 2010); Delory-Momberger (2008, 2011, 2012); Josso (2010); Nóvoa (2007); Nóvoa y Finger (2010); Dosse (2009); Passeggi (2011, 2012, 2013); Souza (2004, 2010, 2013). El corpus está constituido por diez memoriales académicos; diez proyectos de actuación profesional; la transcripción de entrevistas realizadas en dos grupos de discusión y el diario de campo de la investigadora. Las analises se basan en las contribuciones de Jovchelovitch y Bauer (2010), Schütze (2010) y Weller (2006). Los resultados de la investigación permitiran concluir que el proceso de biografización y el proyecto de actuación profesional introduce una doble función: constituirse en una herramienta de evaluación y como dispositivo de formación, permitiendo a los profesores la reflexión sobre las particularidades del proceso de biografización en el contexto de injunción institucional y el conocimiento de las potencialidades de sus percursos de formación. Permitiran, todavia, la definición de tres eixos organizadores de una cartografía de formación, tomando lo que Nóvoa (2007) sugiere sobre los procesos de Adesión, Acción y Autoconsciencia en la constitución de la identidad docente. Ao relatar sus percursos de formación los profesores reconstituyen adesiones a los principios, valores y proyectos en diferentes contextos de formación, revisitan acciones desarrolladas en el ejercicio de la profesión y elaboran reflexiones que resultan en la autoconciencia de potencialidades y limitaciones de sus acciones en la institución. El trabajo contribuye para pensar la producción de memoriales y proyectos académicos de experiencia profesional como espacio fundador de reflexión sobre la formación del profesorado de la infancia

A inserção da equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família em um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil na promoção da saúde da criança

The joint enters the teams of the Strategy Health of Family (ESF) and the Municipal Center of Infantile education (CMEI) blunts as a form to assure the monitoring and promotion to the health of the children of 2 the 5 years when entering the day-care center environment/daily pay-school. It was traced as objective: To analyze the actions developed for the team of the Strategy Health of the Family in the promotion the health of the child, taken care of in a CMEI. Description-exploratory is to a study, qualitative nature, the type research-action. Developed in a CMEI and the USF of the quarter of New City, Natal-RN. The population was constituted by the professionals of the team of the ESF and the CMEI and parents. During the stages of the research-action diverse techniques had been used as the individually interview and in group, focal group, comment participant, and daily of field. The analysis of the data occurred by means of the content analysis, in the thematic modality, proposal for Bardin (1977) and description of the stages of the research-action. In the stage of situational diagnosis that it investigates the reality lived deeply for the citizens of ESF and CMEI how much to the health of the child seven categories had emerged that they enclosed: the context of the attention child in the CMEI identifying the actions that already came being developed for the ESF in the CMEI; the functioning of the CMEI and its routine of activities; the paper of the CMEI in the care the child; the daily one of the ESF, how much to the care to the health of the child of 2 the 5 years involving the diverse difficulties faced for the ESF; difficulties faced in daily of the CMEI for the care the child of 2 the 5 years; paper of joint ESF and CMEI for the confrontation of the difficulties; e action of health to be developed that they had subsidized the stage of planning of the research-action. During the stages of planning and implementation of the actions the actions of education in health with professionals of the CMEI and parents had been materialize and the actions of direct attention the health of the child. In the stage of evaluation of the actions for the involved citizens one searched to ahead understand the perception of the actions developed and perspective of continuity of the actions, through 4 boarded subjects for the citizens. For all the passage of the research-action it can be inferred that joint ESF and CMEI is a necessary initiative ahead of the current situation of the services of health for the promotion of an integral attention the health of the child, but that the teams of the ESF not yet make use of material conditions and staff enough to develop actions that exceed the limits of the USF, being necessary for this the reinforcement of the joints mainly with the Federal University of the Rio Grande of the North.

Modos de aplicação de zinco na nutrição e no crescimento inicial da cultura do arroz

The present research had he objective to evaluate rice response to zinc application forms on the nutrition, growth and dry matter production, in vase conditions. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with five treatments (leaf Zn, incorporated Zn, located Zn, Zn saw seed and witness - whitout zinc), in four repetitions during two cycles of cultivation with 42 days of duration each. Plastic vase of 7L, were filled with Red Distrofic Latosol (Zn = 0.3 mg dm(-3) in DTPA). The application of Zn saw soil in both culture of the rice improved its level in the soil, being distinguished it from located form. In the first cycle, the application of Zn saw leaf promoted greater absorption of the nutrient for the rice plants, while in the second cycle leaf application was followed by the saw soil incorporated. The biggest dry matter production occurred with application of leaf saw in the first cycle and saw soil (incorporated and located) in the second rice cultivation.

Modos de aplicação de zinco na nutrição e na produção de matéria seca do milho BRS 1001

The culture of the maize is responsive the fertilization with zinc, however, its efficiency can be affected by the method of aplication. Thus, this work had as objective to evaluate the effect of the methods of zinc application in the nutritional state and the initial growth of the culture of the maize. The experiment was in a completely randomized design, with five treatments in four repetitions. The experimental unit was composed for a pot (7 L) filled with a distrofic Red Latosol, clayey texture, with four plants of maize. The treatments had been constituted by four ways of zinc application: in the soil incorporated (3 mg Zn dm(-3)), and located (1 mg Zn dm(-3)); foliar (solution of 23 mg Zn L(-1)); e in seed (40 g Zn kg(-1) of seed) and beyond the witness (control). The treatments had been applied during two cultivation of 42 days, except the Zn incorporated in the soil. In the end of each culture, the cut of the plants for the evaluation of the growth variable (leaf height, number, the diameter of stems and dry matter) and the determination of the zinc text was carried through in the soil and the aerial part. The zinc application promoted increment in the height and the production of matter of the maize. The zinc application soil (incorporated and located), foliar and seed had been similar in the initial development of the culture, however, the foliar way promoted greater absorption of the nutrient for the plant.

Modos de aplicação de zinco na nutricão e na produção de massa seca de plantas de trigo

Zinc application methods can affect the nutrition and the initial development of the wheat. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyze the different ways of Zn application in the soil, on nutrition and on dry matter production. A completely randomized experimental design with four replications was used. The experiment was composed by the following Zn application treatments: control (no zinc application); soil incorporation, furrow located, seeds treatment and leaf pulverization. The experimental unit was composed of a pot filled with 7 L of soil. Morphological traits for each plant were determined on 52 days after emergence by the evaluations of plant height, internodes number, tillers number and aerial part dry matter. Still, the soil and plant chemical analysis was accomplished. The furrow located method provided larger concentrations of the micronutrient available. The zinc application methods did not influence the initial growth of the wheat plants. The zinc concentration in leaves was influenced by the different application methods, being the leaf pulverization the one that was caused the largest zinc accumulation on aerial part dry matter.

Efeito de modos e épocas de aplicação de gesso e calcário sobre a cultura do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Carioca-80

Instalou-se sobre um latossolo vermelho-escuro textura média, um experimento cujo objetivo foi avaliar a influência de modos e épocas de aplicação de gesso e de calcário sobre algumas características nutricionais e tecnológicas da cultura do feijoeiro irrigado. Utilizou-se no experimento o delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (4x3)+2 com quatro repetições, correspondendo a 4 modos de aplicação de gesso e/ou calcário, 3 doses de gesso e 2 tratamentos adicionais. Os resultados mostraram que: o uso do gesso proporcionou maiores teores de Ca nos grãos e consequentemente maior tempo para o seu cozimento. A associação gesso e calcário propiciou aumento no teor de S das folhas e também no peso de 100 grãos, quando comparado à utilização de apenas gesso. A relação de hidratação diminuiu com o aumento das doses de gesso quando utilizou-se os modos de aplicação M1 (gesso aplicado no solo 45 dias antes da semeadura) e M2 (gesso e calcário aplicados conjuntamente aos 45 dias antes da semeadura).

Características anatômicas da lâmina foliar e do colmo de gramíneas forrageiras tropicais, em função do nível de inserção no perfilho, da idade e da estação de crescimento

Foram avaliados os efeitos da idade, do nível de inserção da folha no perfilho e da estação de crescimento (verão ou outono), sobre a proporção de tecidos e a espessura da parede celular em lâminas foliares e segmentos de colmo de capim-braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens), capim-gordura (Melinis minutiflora) e capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon sp). Lâminas foliares das posições inferior e superior do perfilho foram colhidas no dia da exposição da lígula e 20 dias após. Foram determinadas as proporções relativas de epiderme, xilema, floema, bainha parenquimática dos feixes, esclerênquima, parênquima no colmo e mesofilo na lâmina foliar. Foram medidas as espessuras das paredes dos vasos de metaxilema e do esclerênquima da lâmina e do colmo. A proporção de tecidos em lâminas foliares não foi alterada pela idade nem pela estação de crescimento, sendo a espessura da parede de células do esclerênquima da lâmina a única característica modificada pela idade. Lâminas do nível de inserção superior apresentaram mais elevadas proporções de esclerênquima, bainha parenquimática dos feixes e xilema e células do esclerênquima e do metaxilema com paredes mais espessas, enquanto as lâminas do nível de inserção inferior se destacaram por apresentar mais elevada proporção de mesofilo e paredes celulares mais delgadas. Enquanto a proporção de parênquima decresceu, a área relativa de esclerênquima e as espessuras das paredes celulares variaram diretamente com a idade do colmo e foram maiores, em geral, no verão.