Effect of remifentanil hydrochloride administered via constant rate infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats

Objective - To evaluate the effects of increasing doses of remifentanil hydrochloride administered via constant rate infusion (CRI) on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in cats. Animals - 6 healthy adult cats. Procedures - For each cat, 2 experiments were performed (2-week interval). On each study day, anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane; a catheter was placed in a cephalic vein for the administration of lactated Ringer's solution or remifentanil CRIs, and a catheter was placed in the jugular vein for collection of blood samples for blood gas analyses. On the first study day, individual basal MAC (MAC Basal) was determined for each cat. On the second study day, 3 remifentanil CRIs (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 μg/kg/min) were administered (in ascending order); for each infusion, at least 30 minutes elapsed before determination of MAC (designated as MAC R0.25, MAC R0.5, and MAC R1.0, respectively). A 15-minute washout period was allowed between CRIs. A control MAC (MAC Control) was determined after the last remifentanil infusion. Results - Mean ± SD MAC Basal and MAC Control values at sea level did not differ significantly (1.66 ± 0.08% and 1.52 ± 0.21%, respectively). The MAC values determined for each remifentanil CRI did not differ significantly. However, MAC R0.25, MAC R0.5, and MAC R1.0, were significantly decreased, compared with MAC Basal, by 23.4 ± 79%, 29.8 ± 8.3%, and 26.0 ± 9.4%, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - The 3 doses of remifentanil administered via CRI resulted in a similar degree of isoflurane MAC reduction in adult cats, indicating that a ceiling effect was achieved following administration of the lowest dose.

Avaliação in vitro de diferentes métodos de análises de fungitoxicidade de óleos essenciais

Environmental problems caused by synthetic fungicides have increased the search for alternative methods of control of plant diseases. The objective was to evaluate the effect of essential oil of citronella grass, on the fungus Rhizoctonia solani, in different methods of in vitro fungitoxicity. We used a randomized design in a factorial design with four replications, where the factors were composed of four methods for assessing the in vitro fungitoxicity of the essential oil of citronella grass (essential oil diluted in Tween 80 (0.5%) and embedded in the culture medium PDA (potato dextrose agar) still melting, essential oil diluted in Tween 80 (0.5%) and distributed on the surface of the PDA; oil essential diluted in Tween 80 (0.5%) and distributed on filter paper attached to the inner surface of the lid of the Petri dish, pure essential oil and distributed on the surface of the culture medium, and control) and five evaluation periods (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days of incubation). Was used 0.25μL mL-1 of citronella oil in all treatments. Of the treatments evaluated the use of pure oil distributed on the surface of the culture medium was more effective in reducing the mycelial diameter in all evaluations. In this method the rate of mycelial growth was 9,02 mm day-1, reaching in last evaluation 79,77 mm.

O Banco Mundial e a política nacional de recursos hídricos no governo FHC (1995-2002)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos do cloridrato de remifentanil, administrado em infusão contínua, na concentração alveolar mínima(CAM) de isofluorano em felinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Atuação da ocitocina no processo de diferenciação osteoblástica de ratas senis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Controle de Acesso utilizando Arduino, banco de dados MySQL e LabVIEW

The search for more reliable security systems and information management of these systems is leading to a growing progress in new technologies investments that allow the implementation of equipment with a high level of reliability, but also have an agile and practical operation. This led people to turn increasingly looking for home automation systems, enterprise and industry for the automation and integration of their systems. The identification by radio frequency is very widespread today for ensuring both agility in handling records data, the reliability of their identification systems, which are increasingly advanced and less susceptible to fraud. Attached to this technology, the use of the database is always very important for the storage of information collected, the area where the MySQL platform is widely used. Using the open source Arduino platform for programming and manipulation of RFID module and LabVIEW software for the union of all these technologies and to develop a user-friendly interface, you can create a highly reliable access control and agility places a high turnover of people. This project aims to prove the advantages of using all these technologies working together, thus improving a flawed system effectively safety, cheaper and quicker

Sex hormones change visceral pigmentation in Eupemphix nattereri (Anura): effects in testicular melanocytes and hepatic melanomacrophages

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Gestión del ranking para una asociación canina de perros de exposición

[ES] Esta aplicación web realizada en Ruby on Rails, tiene como objetivo principal la gestión del ranking para una asociación de perros de exposición. Dicha asociación es la “Asociación Española para el Fomento de la Raza Bulldog Francés”. En dicha asociación, los perros participan en exposiciones caninas y de acuerdo con una tabla y los resultados, les adjudican puntos a los perros. La tabla de asignación de puntos puede variar cada año.  El perro que más puntos obtiene gana el ranking, hay un ganador hembra y otro ganador macho. Por otra parte, los posibles roles de usuarios son: el rol de administrador, los cuales pueden manejar todos los recursos; el rol de socio, que puede crear nuevos perfiles de perros, enviar resultados de sus perros y demás acciones posibles para este rol; el rol de usuarios registrado, que son usuarios que fueron socios y que ya no lo son. Dicho tipo de usuario puede modificar su perfil, pero ya no podría hacer cambios o eliminar sus perros de la aplicación. Y tampoco podría borrar resultados de sus perros que ya hubiesen sido enviados cuando era socio;  y el rol de usuario no registrado que sólo pueden ver los listados de perros, ver sus perfiles y demás acciones que sólo sean ver pero no crear, modificar ni borrar nada. Como resultado final a este trabajo de fin de grado se ha obtenido una aplicación con los requisitos necesarios para cubrir las necesidades para la asociación de perros de exposición, en el cual se gestiona el ranking, también se gestionan los perfiles tanto de perros como de usuarios, control de accesos según el rol del usuario, gestión de las exposiciones, etc.

EXAM-S: an Analysis tool for Multi-Domain Policy Sets

As distributed collaborative applications and architectures are adopting policy based management for tasks such as access control, network security and data privacy, the management and consolidation of a large number of policies is becoming a crucial component of such policy based systems. In large-scale distributed collaborative applications like web services, there is the need of analyzing policy interactions and integrating policies. In this thesis, we propose and implement EXAM-S, a comprehensive environment for policy analysis and management, which can be used to perform a variety of functions such as policy property analyses, policy similarity analysis, policy integration etc. As part of this environment, we have proposed and implemented new techniques for the analysis of policies that rely on a deep study of state of the art techniques. Moreover, we propose an approach for solving heterogeneity problems that usually arise when considering the analysis of policies belonging to different domains. Our work focuses on analysis of access control policies written in the dialect of XACML (Extensible Access Control Markup Language). We consider XACML policies because XACML is a rich language which can represent many policies of interest to real world applications and is gaining widespread adoption in the industry.

Application Platforms for the Internet of Things: Theory, Architecture, Protocols, Data Formats, and Privacy

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the next industrial revolution: we will interact naturally with real and virtual devices as a key part of our daily life. This technology shift is expected to be greater than the Web and Mobile combined. As extremely different technologies are needed to build connected devices, the Internet of Things field is a junction between electronics, telecommunications and software engineering. Internet of Things application development happens in silos, often using proprietary and closed communication protocols. There is the common belief that only if we can solve the interoperability problem we can have a real Internet of Things. After a deep analysis of the IoT protocols, we identified a set of primitives for IoT applications. We argue that each IoT protocol can be expressed in term of those primitives, thus solving the interoperability problem at the application protocol level. Moreover, the primitives are network and transport independent and make no assumption in that regard. This dissertation presents our implementation of an IoT platform: the Ponte project. Privacy issues follows the rise of the Internet of Things: it is clear that the IoT must ensure resilience to attacks, data authentication, access control and client privacy. We argue that it is not possible to solve the privacy issue without solving the interoperability problem: enforcing privacy rules implies the need to limit and filter the data delivery process. However, filtering data require knowledge of how the format and the semantics of the data: after an analysis of the possible data formats and representations for the IoT, we identify JSON-LD and the Semantic Web as the best solution for IoT applications. Then, this dissertation present our approach to increase the throughput of filtering semantic data by a factor of ten.

Ingegnerizzazione di RBAC-MAS in TuCSoN

L'obiettivo della tesi è la creazione di un'infrastruttura di tipo RBAC (Role Based Access Control), adibita al controllo degli accessi all'interno del linguaggio di coordinazione TuCSoN. Il punto di partenza si basa sull'analisi del lavoro sviluppato dall'Ing. Galassi: "Modello di sicurezza e controllo di accesso in una infrastruttura di coordinazione: architettura e implementazione". Usando questa come base teorica di partenza, si sono estrapolati i concetti chiave e si è data vita ad un'implementazione funzionante e di semplice utilizzo di RBAC in TuCSoN.

Modelli e Strumenti di Classifciazione Automatica per il Controllo dell'Accesso su Piattaforme Big Data

Dall'analisi dei big data si possono trarre degli enormi benefici in svariati ambiti applicativi. Uno dei fattori principali che contribuisce alla ricchezza dei big data, consiste nell'uso non previsto a priori di dati immagazzinati in precedenza, anche in congiunzione con altri dataset eterogenei: questo permette di trovare correlazioni significative e inaspettate tra i dati. Proprio per questo, il Valore, che il dato potenzialmente porta con sè, stimola le organizzazioni a raccogliere e immagazzinare sempre più dati e a ricercare approcci innovativi e originali per effettuare analisi su di essi. L’uso fortemente innovativo che viene fatto dei big data in questo senso e i requisiti tecnologici richiesti per gestirli hanno aperto importanti problematiche in materia di sicurezza e privacy, tali da rendere inadeguati o difficilmente gestibili, gli strumenti di sicurezza utilizzati finora nei sistemi tradizionali. Con questo lavoro di tesi si intende analizzare molteplici aspetti della sicurezza in ambito big data e offrire un possibile approccio alla sicurezza dei dati. In primo luogo, la tesi si occupa di comprendere quali sono le principali minacce introdotte dai big data in ambito di privacy, valutando la fattibilità delle contromisure presenti all’attuale stato dell’arte. Tra queste anche il controllo dell’accesso ha riscontrato notevoli sfide causate dalle necessità richieste dai big data: questo elaborato analizza pregi e difetti del controllo dell’accesso basato su attributi (ABAC), un modello attualmente oggetto di discussione nel dibattito inerente sicurezza e privacy nei big data. Per rendere attuabile ABAC in un contesto big data, risulta necessario l’ausilio di un supporto per assegnare gli attributi di visibilità alle informazioni da proteggere. L’obiettivo di questa tesi consiste nel valutare fattibilità, caratteristiche significative e limiti del machine learning come possibile approccio di utilizzo.

Modulation of bcl-xL in tumor cells regulates angiogenesis through CXCL8 expression

In this paper, we investigated whether bcl-xL can be involved in the modulation of the angiogenic phenotype of human tumor cells. Using the ADF human glioblastoma and the M14 melanoma lines, and their derivative bcl-xL-overexpressing clones, we showed that the conditioned medium of bcl-xL transfectants increased in vitro endothelial cell functions, such as proliferation and morphogenesis, and in vivo vessel formation in Matrigel plugs, compared with the conditioned medium of control cells. Moreover, the overexpression of bcl-xL induced an increased expression of the proangiogenic interleukin-8 (CXCL8), both at the protein and mRNA levels, and an enhanced CXCL8 promoter activity. The role of CXCL8 on bcl-xL-induced angiogenesis was validated using CXCL8-neutralizing antibodies, whereas down-regulation of bcl-xL through antisense oligonucleotide or RNA interference strategies confirmed the involvement of bcl-xL on CXCL8 expression. Transient overexpression of bcl-xL led to extend this observation to other tumor cell lines with different origin, such as colon and prostate carcinoma. In conclusion, our results showed that CXCL8 modulation by bcl-xL regulates tumor angiogenesis, and they point to elucidate an additional function of bcl-xL protein.

CONVERSION OF DOMAIN TYPE ENFORCEMENT LANGUAGE TO THE JAVA SECURITY MANAGER

With today's prevalence of Internet-connected systems storing sensitive data and the omnipresent threat of technically skilled malicious users, computer security remains a critically important field. Because of today's multitude of vulnerable systems and security threats, it is vital that computer science students be taught techniques for programming secure systems, especially since many of them will work on systems with sensitive data after graduation. Teaching computer science students proper design, implementation, and maintenance of secure systems is a challenging task that calls for the use of novel pedagogical tools. This report describes the implementation of a compiler that converts mandatory access control specification Domain-Type Enforcement Language to the Java Security Manager, primarily for pedagogical purposes. The implementation of the Java Security Manager was explored in depth, and various techniques to work around its inherent limitations were explored and partially implemented, although some of these workarounds do not appear in the current version of the compiler because they would have compromised cross-platform compatibility. The current version of the compiler and implementation details of the Java Security Manager are discussed in depth.

A FIREWALL MODEL OF FILE SYSTEM SECURITY

File system security is fundamental to the security of UNIX and Linux systems since in these systems almost everything is in the form of a file. To protect the system files and other sensitive user files from unauthorized accesses, certain security schemes are chosen and used by different organizations in their computer systems. A file system security model provides a formal description of a protection system. Each security model is associated with specified security policies which focus on one or more of the security principles: confidentiality, integrity and availability. The security policy is not only about “who” can access an object, but also about “how” a subject can access an object. To enforce the security policies, each access request is checked against the specified policies to decide whether it is allowed or rejected. The current protection schemes in UNIX/Linux systems focus on the access control. Besides the basic access control scheme of the system itself, which includes permission bits, setuid and seteuid mechanism and the root, there are other protection models, such as Capabilities, Domain Type Enforcement (DTE) and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), supported and used in certain organizations. These models protect the confidentiality of the data directly. The integrity of the data is protected indirectly by only allowing trusted users to operate on the objects. The access control decisions of these models depend on either the identity of the user or the attributes of the process the user can execute, and the attributes of the objects. Adoption of these sophisticated models has been slow; this is likely due to the enormous complexity of specifying controls over a large file system and the need for system administrators to learn a new paradigm for file protection. We propose a new security model: file system firewall. It is an adoption of the familiar network firewall protection model, used to control the data that flows between networked computers, toward file system protection. This model can support decisions of access control based on any system generated attributes about the access requests, e.g., time of day. The access control decisions are not on one entity, such as the account in traditional discretionary access control or the domain name in DTE. In file system firewall, the access decisions are made upon situations on multiple entities. A situation is programmable with predicates on the attributes of subject, object and the system. File system firewall specifies the appropriate actions on these situations. We implemented the prototype of file system firewall on SUSE Linux. Preliminary results of performance tests on the prototype indicate that the runtime overhead is acceptable. We compared file system firewall with TE in SELinux to show that firewall model can accommodate many other access control models. Finally, we show the ease of use of firewall model. When firewall system is restricted to specified part of the system, all the other resources are not affected. This enables a relatively smooth adoption. This fact and that it is a familiar model to system administrators will facilitate adoption and correct use. The user study we conducted on traditional UNIX access control, SELinux and file system firewall confirmed that. The beginner users found it easier to use and faster to learn then traditional UNIX access control scheme and SELinux.