Inserción laboral, desajuste educativo y trayectorias laborales de los titulados en Formación Profesional Específica en la Isla de Gran Canaria (1997-2000)

[ES] La presente tesis doctoral se marca como objetivo principal realizar una primera evaluación, del grado de adecuación a las necesidades del mercado de trabajo, de los estudios en Formación Profesional Específica tras la implantación de la LOGSE. Para ello partimos de los historiales laborales de los titulados en Gran Canaria durante los cursos académicos 1997/98 a 1999/2000, para quienes observamos -a partir de la información obtenida mediante la realización de una encuesta telefónica propia- cómo  ha sido su proceso de incorporación al mercado de trabajo, así como sus primeros episodios de movilidad laboral, poniendo especial énfasis en los posibles desajustes educativos, así como en la duración de dichos episodios de movilidad. En el primer capítulo hacemos una revisión de la evolución histórica de los estudios técnico-profesionales en España. En el segundo definimos la población objeto de estudio, el diseño muestral, el cuestionario y el trabajo de campo y realizamos el análisis descriptivo de la muestra. El capítulo tercero está dedicado al fenómeno de desajuste educativo, en donde introducimos como novedad la distinción entre desajuste de ‘conocimientos’ y de ‘habilidades’. En el capítulo cuarto realizamos una aproximación al proceso de búsqueda y duración de empleo, mediante la realización de análisis de supervivencia. Finalmente, en el quinto capítulo, recogemos las conclusiones, sugerencias y líneas de investigación futuras.

Las competencias transversales y el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES): una experiencia de evaluación de la competencia de comunicación oral en la ULPGC

[ES] El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una experiencia de evaluación de la competencia de comunicación oral, que gira en torno a la puesta en marcha del Torneo 10 en 5 de Presentación Exprés “Idea de Negocio”. El formato de este Torneo consiste en la presentación de ideas, proyectos y diseños a través de 10 imágenes estáticas que se desarrollan durante cinco minutos. Con el fin de evaluar dicha competencia se tuvieron en cuenta indicadores como el orden y la claridad o el uso correcto del lenguaje, entre otros. Además de las valoraciones de los jueces, se pidió a los participantes que se autoevaluaran y evaluaran al resto de equipos. Como resultado de la evaluación de los jueces, se otorgaron tres menciones: a la presentación más creativa, al mejor orador y al mejor equipo en su conjunto. Si bien el análisis de los evaluaciones puso de manifiesto que hay más benevolencia cuando la calificación se produce entre iguales (participantes) que cuando esa calificación la llevan a cabo los jueces, el análisis de las entrevistas que se realizaron tras finalizar el Torneo constató la consistencia entre las menciones otorgadas por el jurado y la valoración de los propios participantes.

Education and wages of vocational training graduates

[EN] This paper attempts to explain individual variation in wages by estimating different wage equations. The study has two goals: first, to analyze the effect of years of schooling on the wages of vocational training graduates using a more precise measure for schooling than that commonly used in wage equations; and second, to analyze the effect on these wages of the match or mismatch between the knowledge and the skills acquired in the schooling and the needs of the job. The analysis shows that knowledge and skills acquired through vocational training (over-/under- education and over-/under- skilling), have a statistically significant influence on wages.

Área propuesta para la reintroducción del lagarto gigante de El Hierro (Gallotia simonyi). Análisis de la disponibilidad vegetal

[ES]En el marco del proyecto LIFE B-4-3200/94/43 «Plan de Recuperación del Lagarto Gigante de El Hierro» se ha contemplado, en un futuro próximo, la posibilidad de ampliación del área actual de distribución de dicho lagarto. Una de las zonas escogidas, La Dehesa, se localiza en la zona oeste de la Isla de El Hierro y está constituida por un sabinar sometido actualmente a poca intervención humana. Esta zona ha sido preseleccionada por varias razones, entre las que sobresalen, la existencia de lagartos gigantes en tiempos pretéritos, su relativa inaccesibilidad alejada de la acción humana, la abundante vegetación y la presencia de refugios potenciales. Para evaluar de modo fiable la bondad de la zona escogida como lugar de posible suelta…

Comparison of the effects of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine for anesthesia in Rheem gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa marica) and Subgutturosa gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine in gazelles. ANIMALS: 21 male gazelles (10 Rheem gazelles [Gazella subgutturosa marica] and 11 Subgutturosa gazelles [Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa]), 6 to 67 months old and weighing (mean+/-SD) 19 +/- 3 kg. PROCEDURES: In a randomized, blinded crossover study, a combination of medetomidine (80 mug/kg) with racemic ketamine (5 mg/kg) or S-ketamine (3 mg/kg) was administered i.m.. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, and oxygen saturation (determined by means of pulse oximetry) were measured. An evaluator timed and scored induction of, maintenance of, and recovery from anesthesia. Medetomidine was reversed with atipamezole. The alternate combination was used after a 4-day interval. Comparisons between groups were performed with Wilcoxon signed rank and paired t tests. RESULTS: Anesthesia induction was poor in 2 gazelles receiving S-ketamine, but other phases of anesthesia were uneventful. A dominant male required an additional dose of S-ketamine (0.75 mg/kg, i.m.). After administration of atipamezole, gazelles were uncoordinated for a significantly shorter period with S-ketamine than with racemic ketamine. Recovery quality was poor in 3 gazelles with racemic ketamine. No significant differences between treatments were found for any other variables. Time from drug administration to antagonism was similar between racemic ketamine (44.5 to 53.0 minutes) and S-ketamine (44.0 to 50.0 minutes). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of S-ketamine at a dose 60% that of racemic ketamine resulted in poorer induction of anesthesia, an analogous degree of sedation, and better recovery from anesthesia in gazelles with unremarkable alterations in physiologic variables, compared with racemic ketamine.

Comparison of Fluid Types for Resuscitation in Acute Hemorrhagic Shock and Evaluation of Gastric Luminal and Transcutaneous P co 2 in Leghorn Chickens

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of 3 different fluid types for resuscitation after experimentally induced hemorrhagic shock in anesthetized chickens and to evaluate partial pressures of carbon dioxide measured in arterial blood (Paco2), with a transcutaneous monitor (TcPco2), with a gastric intraluminal monitor (GiPco2), and by end tidal measurements (Etco2) under stable conditions and after induced hemorrhagic shock. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in 40 white leghorn chickens by removing 50% of blood volume by phlebotomy under general anesthesia. Birds were divided into 4 groups: untreated (control group) and treated with intravenous hetastarch (haes group), with a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (hemospan group), or by autotransfusion (blood group). Respiratory rates, heart rates, and systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP) were compared at 8 time points (baseline [T0]; at the loss of 10% [T10%], 20% [T20%], 30% [T30%], 40% [T40%], and 50% [T50%] of blood volume; at the end of resuscitation [RES]; and at the end of anesthesia [END]). Packed cell volume (PCV) and blood hemoglobin content were compared at 6 time points (T0, T50%, RES, and 1, 3, and 7 days after induced hemorrhagic shock). Measurements of Paco2, TcPco2, GiPco2, and Etco2 were evaluated at 2 time points (T0 and T50%), and venous lactic acid concentrations were evaluated at 3 time points (T0, T50%, and END). No significant differences were found in mortality, respiratory rate, heart rate, PCV, or hemoglobin values among the 4 groups. Birds given fluid resuscitation had significantly higher SAPs after fluid administration than did birds in the control group. In all groups, PCV and hemoglobin concentrations began to rise by day 3 after phlebotomy, and baseline values were reached 7 days after blood removal. At T0, TcPco2 did not differ significantly from Paco2, but GiPco2 and Etco2 differed significantly from Paco2. After hemorrhagic shock, GiPco2 and TcPco2 differed significantly from Paco2. The TcPco2 or GiPco2 values did not differ significantly at any time point in birds that survived or died in any of the groups and across all groups. These results showed no difference in mortality in leghorn chickens treated with fluid resuscitation after hemorrhagic shock and that the PCV and hemoglobin concentrations increased by 3 days after acute hemorrhage with or without treatment. The different CO2 measurements document changes in CO2-values consistent with poor perfusion and may prove useful for serial evaluation of responses to shock and shock treatment.

Older patients with low Charlson score and high-risk prostate cancer benefit from radical prostatectomy

INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to identify the appropriate level of Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) in older patients (>70 years) with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) to achieve survival benefit following radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 1008 older patients (>70 years) who underwent RP with pelvic lymph node dissection for high-risk prostate cancer (preoperative prostate-specific antigen >20 ng/mL or clinical stage ≥T2c or Gleason ≥8) from 14 tertiary institutions between 1988 and 2014. The study population was further grouped into CCI < 2 and ≥2 for analysis. Survival rate for each group was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method and competitive risk Fine-Gray regression to estimate the best explanatory multivariable model. Area under the curve (AUC) and Akaike information criterion were used to identify ideal 'Cut off' for CCI. RESULTS The clinical and cancer characteristics were similar between the two groups. Comparison of the survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier curve between two groups for non-cancer death and survival estimations for 5 and 10 years shows significant worst outcomes for patients with CCI ≥ 2. In multivariate model to decide the appropriate CCI cut-off point, we found CCI 2 has better AUC and p value in log rank test. CONCLUSION Older patients with fewer comorbidities harboring high-risk PCa appears to benefit from RP. Sicker patients are more likely to die due to non-prostate cancer-related causes and are less likely to benefit from RP.