Estudo da ação do inseticida Tiametoxam na sobrevivência e no comportamento de operárias de Apis mellifera L., 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) em diferentes idades

The bee Apis mellifera has a great importance because it is the most economically valuable pollinator for crops worldwide, ensuring cross-pollination and increasing fruit yield. Moreover, agriculture increasingly develops chemicals to control weeds, fungi and insect pests to ensure productivity. Insecticides are used on a large scale in the state of São Paulo, in cultures of citrus for control of greening. Applications are usually made by aircraft and as a result of the effect derives a significant mortality is observed in apiaries near the plantations. Honey bees can get in contact with such chemical agent through their activities of water harvesting, plant resins, pollen and nectar. Intoxication resulting from this exposure can be lethal, which is easily detectable, or cause effects on the physiology and behavior of the insect. These, in turn are hardly detectable, such as paralysis, disorientation, behavioral changes, but can compromise the entire social structure of the colony, therefore aimed to study the effects of the insecticide Thiamethoxam behavior of honeybees A. mellifera. Newly emerged individuals and with 10 days of age were tested. Applications of 1 μL de Thiamethoxam, diluted in acetone, were made on the dorsal thorax with a microapplicator. Preliminarily, it was observed LD50 twenty four hours after topical treatment of Thiamethoxam. It was found that the LD50 for newly emerged honeybees is 8 ng/bee and for honeybees with 10 days of age is 18 ng/bee. The behaviors were analyzed 1 hour after application of insecticide at doses corresponding to LD50/100, LD50/50, LD50/10 and LD50, besides the control group. In the test reflex proboscis extension, there was impairment of behavior at doses of 8 and 18 ng/bee workers in newly emerged workers and 10 days of age, respectively. And in locomotor behavior was no change only at a dose of 18 ng/bee workers at 10 days of age... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análises morfológica e histoquímicas do ventrículo e do cérebro de operárias recém emergidas de Apis Mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) tratadas com Thiamethoxam

Apis mellifera honeybees are social insects of economic importance, by providing honeybee products, and by the pollination of natural areas of vegetation or agricultural areas. The constant use of pesticides, including the thiamethoxam, which is an insecticide belonging to the class of neonicotinoids with neurotoxic action, is subjecting pollinators to situations of severe stress, which has been evidenced by the decrease in the density of honeybees in many parts of the world. By these considerations, the present study aimed to assess the acute toxicity of thiamethoxam for newly emerged workers of A. mellifera, and to investigate the effect of sublethal doses of this insecticide on the survival time and its cytotoxicity to the brain and midgut to the honeybees. It was established the value of the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) equal to 4.28 ng thiamethoxam/μL of food and from it, the sublethal concentrations of 0.428 ng thiamethoxam/μL (CL50/10) and 0.0428 ng thiamethoxam/μL (CL50/100), which were used in bioassays of intoxication of the honeybees. After the bioassays the bees were dissected and the brain and midguts were collected to analyze possible morphological (staining with Hematoxylin-Eosin) and histochemical alterations (Xylidine Ponceau technique, and Feulgen and PAS reactions) caused by exposure to thiamethoxam, and to calculate the lethal time (LT50) for the workers. The duration of the bioassays was 8 days after beginning of feeding. The results obtained showed that the thiamethoxam is toxic to newly-emerged workers of A. mellifera, causing changes in survival time of individuals. This study also shown that the thiamethoxam causes morphological and histochemical alterations on the midgut and brain of workers. These alterations may be reflected in physiological and behavioral changes that can modify the operation of the colony

Staphylococcus sp na produção primária de leite: aspectos de saúde pública

Staphylococcus is one of the more important causes of the called Foodborne Disease(FD), being that from the 40 species described from genus, the more important is Staphylococcus aureus. During years believed that the S. aureus was the only specie from genus able to produce enterotoxins, responsable for the clinical frame in humans, but latest studies report the isolation of other species both positive coagulase (PC) as negative with enterotoxigenic potential. The symptoms of this intoxication appear after a short period of incubation (2-6 hours) and usually characterized by nausea, vomits, abdominal ache, diarrhea, and rarely is fatal. For the toxin to be formed in food is necessary that bacteria population to be at least 105 UFC/g, being that such toxins characterized by presenting great resistance front of gastrointestinal proteases and of homemade termical treatment. Among the main foods that might carry the microorganism, the milk and its derivatives have highlights. The contamination of the product might happen as from the milk from cows with clinical and/or subclinical mastitis, as the Staphylococcus genus is one of the main agents etiologic from this disease, equipments utensils badly sanitized equipments and utensils and from the manipulators. The control of these factors configures as fundamental condition for the achievement of a safe, quality product, which doesn’t offer risk to the consumers

Seletividade de herbicidas em mudas pré-brotadas de cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Avaliação dos efeitos de concentrações subletais de dimetoato no cérebro e ventrículo de Apis mellifera africanizada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Glicerina na alimentação de cordeiros Ile de France em terminação

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Mecanismos de toxicidade do fipronil em hepatócitos isolados de rato

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Intoxicação pela Metáfora segundo Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari: os desenhos do pequeno Richard (1941)

Starting with a critical review that make Deleuze and Guattari about the use of images in the writings and drawings reproduced in Narrative of a Child Analysis, by Melanie Klein, the authors reflect on the place of metaphor in the speech of this analyzed child about desiring life, intoxicated with Oedipian metaphors. They highlight the role of metaphor in the production of the alleged psychoanalytic intoxication.

Avaliação da gentamicina aplicada em ovos de aves reprodutoras pesadas e seu efeito residual nos tecidos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Fipronil na bioenergética de mitocôndrias isoladas de figado de rato

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Metalloproteinase inhibition protects against reductions in circulating adrenomedullin during lead-induced acute hypertension

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effects of plant regulators on the growth and flowering of Saint Augustine grass plants

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of three plant growth inhibitors on the development and emission of floral rachis of Saint Augustine grass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntzel] plants. The study was carried out in a 15 month old lawn with the experimental plots being distributed in accordance with a complete randomized block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of sole application of trinexapac-ethyl (113, 226, 452, 678, and 904 g ai ha(-1)), prohexadione-calcium (100 and 200 g ai ha(-1)), and bispyribac-sodium (40 and 60 g ai ha(-1)) plus a check treatment in which the plants were not submitted to any of the plant growth inhibitors. The effects of those products were evaluated in terms of visual signs of plant intoxication, plant height, emission and height of floral rachises, and chip total dry matter production. All the plant growth inhibitors resulted in visible injury to the plants but these intoxication signs practically disappeared 28 days after the application. Trinexapac-ethyl at the dose of 904 g ai ha(-1) reduced plant height by 59.7%, the emission of floral rachis by 96.4%, and the amount of chip dry matter production by 87.7%. Plant growth inhibitors may reduce the number of times of lawn plants cutting up to 119 days after their application with no harmful effects on the plants visual aspect.

Myocardial contractility impairment with racemic bupivacaine, non-racemic bupivacaine and ropivacaine. A comparative study

To study racemic bupivacaine, non-racemic bupivacaine and ropivacaine on myocardial contractility. Isolated Wistar papillary muscles were submitted to 50 and 100 mM racemic bupivacaine (B50 and B100), non-racemic bupivacaine (NR50 and NR100) and ropivacaine (R50 and R100) intoxication. Isometric contraction data were obtained in basal condition (0.2 Hz), after increasing the frequency of stimulation to 1.0 Hz and after 5, 10 and 15 min of local anesthetic intoxication. Data were analyzed as relative changes of variation. Developed tension was higher with R100 than B100 at D1 (4.3 ± 41.1 vs -57.9 ± 48.1). Resting tension was altered with B50 (-10.6 ± 23.8 vs -4.7 ± 5.0) and R50 (-14.0 ± 20.5 vs -0.5 ± 7.1) between D1 and D3. Maximum rate of tension development was lower with B100 (-56.6 ± 38.0) than R50 (-6.3 ± 37.9) and R100 (-1.9 ± 37.2) in D1. B50, B100 and NR100 modified the maximum rate of tension decline from D1 through D2. Time to peak tension was changed with NR50 between D1 and D2. Racemic bupivacaine depressed myocardial contractile force more than non-racemic bupivacaine and ropivacaine. Non-racemic and racemic bupivacaine caused myocardial relaxation impairment more than ropivacaine.

Cães e gatos: expressão das lesões em intoxicações criminais

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Dinâmica de glyphosate em plantas de eucalipto

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA