Bibliografia de heráldica medieval portuguesa

Bibliografia crítica da produção historiográfica respeitante à heráldica portuguesa nos séculos XX e XXI.

Bestiário Fantástico das Águas. Evolução do legado da Antiguidade na época medieval

Maria Adelaide Miranda e Pedro Chambel (Coord.)

São Salvador do Mundo. Interpretação de um edifício medieval através da Arqueologia da Arquitetura

O presente trabalho debruça-se sobre o edifício medieval de São Salvador, listado no “Inventário do Património Arquitetónico” com a designação de “Capela Românico-Gótica de Sobral de Monte Agraço/Capela do Salvador”. Fazendo uso da disciplina da Arqueologia da Arquitetura, e das suas metodologias, através das análises do sistema de medidas utilizado no edifício, das marcas de canteiro presentes nos seus paramentos, e da sua estratigrafia vertical, o objetivo deste trabalho passa por identificar as várias fases construtivas do edifício, traçando uma linha evolutiva do edificado desde a sua origem até à atualidade. O cruzamento dos dados da Arqueologia da Arquitetura com as informações provenientes da pesquisa de documentação histórica, referente ao objeto de estudo, oferece novas perspetivas sobre o edifício e todas as funcionalidades associadas a este durante a sua vida. Espera-se que através desta abordagem, seja possível conhecer em definitivo, o papel que o edifício medieval de São Salvador teve na origem da povoação de Montagraço.

O Castro do Jarmelo em época medieval: o contributo da arqueologia para o seu estudo

A presente investigação aborda o estudo do Castro do Jarmelo (Guarda) em época medieval. Trata-se de um povoado fortificado que se formou no cimo de um hilseberg o que lhe confere um amplo domínio visual e controlo do planalto mesetanho para além de óptimas condições naturais de defesa. O período cronológico analisado estende-se entre o século IX/X até aos meados do século XV, período que em termos macro-espaciais engloba o avanço e consolidação da fronteira cristã para sul, a criação e desenvolvimento do reino de Portugal e a crise dinástica que levaria à instalação da dinastia joanina no trono de Portugal. A investigação desenvolvida assentou em diferentes mas complementares abordagens. Inicialmente compilaram-se os dados proporcionados pelas fontes históricas medievais já estudadas por outros autores. De seguida procedeu-se ao estudo exaustivo dos materiais exumados das duas intervenções arqueológicas realizadas neste sítio. Igualmente se efectuaram visitas ao local e suas imediações de forma a se aprofundar o conhecimento das estruturas militares, civis e religiosas presentes neste povoado. Por fim, foram realizadas prospecções circunscritas a alguns locais que referências bibliográficas, toponímicas, ou fornecidas pela população local indiciavam a presença de eventuais vestígios de época medieval. A conjugação dos diferentes dados obtidos permitiu, embora ainda num estado embrionário, atestarem-se as diferentes valências do sítio, ou seja, o seu caracter habitacional, militar e religioso. Quanto à relação entre o Castro e os territórios envolventes os resultados alcançados são ainda muito limitados. Todavia tanto na Alta Idade Média como na Baixa Idade Média é perceptível reconhecerem-se matrizes de povoamento, em que se denota um papel de destaque e primazia do Castro do Jarmelo sobre o território envolvente.

Estudo Arqueológico dos Códices Iluminados do Fundo Laurbanense. As Intervenções de Conservação num Corpus Medieval

O códice medieval chega-nos, materialmente, como resultado de uma sobreposição de intervenções, induzidas pela necessidade de conservar e transmitir o seu conteúdo intelectual, espiritual e artístico. As sucessivas alterações na aparência dos códices iluminados do fundo medieval do Mosteiro de Lorvão, sobretudo ao nível das encadernações, constitui matéria para uma análise estratigráfica, que nos propomos desenvolver e sistematizar. Este estudo, de modelo arqueológico, utiliza os elementos codicológicos, enquanto elementos de linguagem visual, integrados num determinado sistema cronológico, permitindo descrever o processo de transformação desses manuscritos, ao longo do tempo. Complementamos o estudo arqueológico dos códices laurbanenses com a análise das manchas de manuseamento, sedimentadas sobre as margens do suporte de pergaminho, durante a leitura e acesso continuados. Caracterizadas pelo grau de saturação e interpretadas quanto à sua distribuição no corpo de texto, ampliam a perspectiva sobre o estado de conservação do manuscrito medieval e significado do ‘dano’. Esta abordagem, pretende contribuir com novos dados, de carácter interdisciplinar, para o estudo dos códices medievais, assim como para a reflexão teórica sobre a caracterização e conservação destas alterações temporais.

Inventário e Georreferenciação do mundo funerário rupestre medieval no Centro de Portugal

O presente relatório resultou do estágio efetuado na DGPC, no âmbito da componente não-letiva do Mestrado em Arqueologia. O seu propósito centrou-se no Inventário e Georreferenciação das manifestações funerárias rupestres medievais, enquadradas na região do Centro de Portugal. Este trabalho possibilitou a atualização e introdução de inúmeras ocorrências, respeitantes a sepulturas e necrópoles escavadas na rocha, na base de dados da DGPC – o Endovélico. A concretização deste objetivo assentou essencialmente na consulta de bibliografia especializada, assim como de relatórios técnico-científicos. Ao constar do Endovélico, a informação inserida afigura-se como um contributo para o conhecimento e divulgação deste tipo de património medieval, auxiliando, inevitavelmente, no que concerne à sua salvaguarda e proteção. O processamento e sistematização da vasta informação inventariada e georreferenciada possibilitou o desenvolvimento de uma análise, na perspetiva das sepulturas escavadas na rocha como fenómeno funerário alto-medieval. Esta permitiu a criação de uma imagem, ainda que incompleta, dos tipos de agrupamentos existentes e da relação entre as sepulturas e as zonas envolventes, com lugar numa parte do território de Viseu.

Access of WetAMD and DME patients to treatment in public hospitals

Degeneration (WetAMD) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) patients’ access to treatment in public hospitals, by identifying bottlenecks and stress points that prevent timely and adequate care to patients who suffer from a degenerative disease, and consequently for whom the lack of access to treatment can have disastrous consequences. Considering the specificity and degenerative traits of these conditions, the long queues for specialty appointments in public hospitals are a significant threat to patients’ health, as the disease may be misdiagnosed and or progress significantly, causing unnecessary permanent and non-reversible loss in visual acuity. Therefore optimizing the patient journey will increase patients’ access to adequate treatment, and prevent avoidable progress of a degenerative condition which causes permanent and non-reversible blindness. Following the investigation which supports this thesis, the patient journey was broken down into its different phases, so that key issues could be identified, and referred back to the main stress points highlighted during the interviews with physicians and administrators. Finally results were scrutinized and systematized, and a set of action points was proposed, considering what may cause major impact and is actually feasible to implement.

The occurrence of intra-operative hypotension varies between hospitals: observational analysis of more than 147,000 anaesthesia.

BACKGROUND: Hypotension, a common intra-operative incident, bears an important potential for morbidity. It is most often manageable and sometimes preventable, which renders its study important. Therefore, we aimed at examining hospital variations in the occurrence of intra-operative hypotension and its predictors. As secondary endpoints, we determined to what extent hypotension relates to the risk of post-operative incidents and death. METHODS: We used the Anaesthesia Databank Switzerland, built on routinely and prospectively collected data on all anaesthesias in 21 hospitals. The three outcomes were assessed using multi-level logistic regression models. RESULTS: Among 147,573 anaesthesias, hypotension ranged from 0.6% to 5.2% in participating hospitals, and from 0.3% up to 12% in different surgical specialties. Most (73.4%) were minor single events. Age, ASA status, combined general and regional anaesthesia techniques, duration of surgery and hospitalization were significantly associated with hypotension. Although significantly associated, the emergency status of the surgery had a weaker effect. Hospitals' odds ratios for hypotension varied between 0.12 and 2.50 (P < or = 0.001), even after adjusting for patient and anaesthesia factors, and for type of surgery. At least one post-operative incident occurred in 9.7% of the procedures, including 0.03% deaths. Intra-operative hypotension was associated with a higher risk of post-operative incidents and death. CONCLUSION: Wide variations remain in the occurrence of hypotension among hospitals after adjustment for risk factors. Although differential reporting from hospitals may exist, variations in anaesthesia techniques and blood pressure maintenance may also have contributed. Intra-operative hypotension is associated with morbidities and sometimes death, and constant vigilance must thus be advocated.

Promoting hospital-based smoking cessation services at major Swiss hospitals: a before and after study.

Whether a 1-year nationwide, government supported programme is effective in significantly increasing the number of smoking cessation clinics at major Swiss hospitals as well as providing basic training for the staff running them. We conducted a baseline evaluation of hospital services for smoking cessation, hypertension, and obesity by web search and telephone contact followed by personal visits between October 2005 and January 2006 of 44 major public hospitals in the 26 cantons of Switzerland; we compared the number of active smoking cessation services and trained personnel between baseline to 1 year after starting the programme including a training workshop for doctors and nurses from all hospitals as well as two further follow-up visits. At base line 9 (21%) hospitals had active smoking cessation services, whereas 43 (98%) and 42 (96%) offered medical services for hypertension and obesity respectively. Hospital directors and heads of Internal Medicine of 43 hospitals were interested in offering some form of help to smokers provided they received outside support, primarily funding to get started or to continue. At two identical workshops, 100 health professionals (27 in Lausanne, 73 in Zurich) were trained for one day. After the programme, 22 (50%) hospitals had an active smoking cessation service staffed with at least 1 trained doctor and 1 nurse. A one-year, government-supported national intervention resulted in a substantial increase in the number of hospitals allocating trained staff and offering smoking cessation services to smokers. Compared to the offer for hypertension and obesity this offer is still insufficient.

Outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome in hospitals of different sizes. A report from the AMIS Plus Registry.

To assess the impact of admission to different hospital types on early and 1-year outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Between 1997 and 2009, 31 010 ACS patients from 76 Swiss hospitals were enrolled in the AMIS Plus registry. Large tertiary institutions with continuous (24 hour/7 day) cardiac catheterisation facilities were classified as type A hospitals, and all others as type B. For 1-year outcomes, a subgroup of patients admitted after 2005 were studied. Eleven type A hospitals admitted 15987 (52%) patients and 65 type B hospitals 15023 (48%) patients. Patients admitted into B hospitals were older, more frequently female, diabetic, hypertensive, had more severe comorbidities and more frequent non-ST segment elevation (NSTE)-ACS/unstable angina (UA). STE-ACS patients admitted into B hospitals received more thrombolysis, but less percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Crude in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were higher in patients from B hospitals. Crude 1-year mortality of 3747 ACS patients followed up was higher in patients admitted into B hospitals, but no differences were found for MACE. After adjustment for age, risk factors, type of ACS and comorbidities, hospital type was not an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality, in-hospital MACE, 1-year MACE or mortality. Admission indicated a crude outcome in favour of hospitalisation during duty-hours while 1-year outcome could not document a significant effect. ACS patients admitted to smaller regional Swiss hospitals were older, had more severe comorbidities, more NSTE-ACS and received less intensive treatment compared with the patients initially admitted to large tertiary institutions. However, hospital type was not an independent predictor of early and mid-term outcomes in these patients. Furthermore, our data suggest that Swiss hospitals have been functioning as an efficient network for the past 12 years.

Delirium: guidelines for general hospitals.

OBJECTIVE: Delirium is highly prevalent in general hospitals but remains underrecognized and undertreated despite its association with increased morbidity, mortality, and health services utilization. To enhance its management, we developed guidelines covering all aspects, from risk factor identification to preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic interventions in adult patients. METHODS: Guidelines, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCT), and cohort studies were systematically searched and evaluated. Based on a synthesis of retrieved high-quality documents, recommendation items were submitted to a multidisciplinary expert panel. Experts scored the appropriateness of recommendation items, using an evidence-based, explicit, multidisciplinary panel approach. Each recommendation was graded according to this process' results. RESULTS: Rated recommendations were mostly supported by a low level of evidence (1.3% RCT and systematic reviews, 14.3% nonrandomized trials vs. 84.4% observational studies or expert opinions). Nevertheless, 71.1% of recommendations were considered appropriate by the experts. Prevention of delirium and its nonpharmacological management should be fostered. Haloperidol remains the first-choice drug, whereas the role of atypical antipsychotics is still uncertain. CONCLUSIONS: While many topics addressed in these guidelines have not yet been adequately studied, an explicit panel and evidence-based approach allowed the proposal of comprehensive recommendations for the prevention and management of delirium in general hospitals.

Notice to Half Pay Officers and Out Pensioners of Chelsea and Kilmainham Hospitals- 1821

Discusses the half pay and pensions of Officers living within His Majesty's Dominions. At the bottom, there is also a comment made by Robert Morrogh to Daniel Shannon concerning the above notice.