In-form-ação: do paradigma causal ao paradigma informacional na explicação da ação

Pós-graduação em Filosofia - FFC

Direito e Ciência da Informação: uma possibilidade de interface disciplinar

Information Science is related to various scientific fields, including Law; The aim of this article is to reflect on the intersection between the science of Law and Information Science, exploring the episthemological nature of both sciences; The theoretical approaches of both disciplines promote the concept of the document, according to the attributes informativeness, materiality, authenticity and integrity, and can provide a comprehensive understanding of its nature.

O processo de formação de conceitos na perspectiva vigotskiana

In his work on human knowledge, Vygotsky reveals the second human nature, the one which is historical and cultural, due to people´s learning throughout life, through the mediation of others and the concrete conditions of life and education. In this eminently social process, the child grows into the intellectual life having the adult as a peer and learns human skills from this adult-child interaction. This means that, for working with abstract formulation, it is necessary understanding it as a complex, dynamic and functional act that is built by the insertion of individual performance into culture that is mediated by interaction with others. In this setting, each individual reaches knowledge through formal and non-formal learning that help on the formulation of scientific and everyday concepts. To make studies on the process of concept formation, Vygotsky adopted an experimental methodology based on the philosophical assumptions of Marxist theory of how mental processes occur, once he perceived these processes in a constantly changing and moving. Thus, the method called “Instrumental, Cultural and Historical” differed from conventional experimental studies focused on the performance of the task itself. The method adopted by Vygotsky was concerned with the process of concept formation and not only with fragmentary cutouts of cognitive processes. According to our study, the formation of the social nature of man develops from processes of appropriation and objectification of knowledge, which makes individual the historically constructed achievements by mankind, as, for example, types of sophisticated thinking, which requires the discussion of concept formation.

O movimento interdisciplinar em Ciência da Informação: uma reflexão epistemológica

The complexity of interdisciplinarity as a category of analysis in contemporary discourses gain evidence. In information science, the practice of integration of scientific discourse aims, among others, the establishment and consolidation of their identity as a scientific field. Thus, the study aims to reflect on the epistemological status of information science as an interdisciplinary scientific field. To this end, we discuss the interdisciplinarity in the sciences and, under this understanding, address the interdisciplinary movement in Information Science and the real fruits of this process nowadays. The reflections undertaken in this study indicate the need to forward the discussions on interdisciplinarity as a focal point with the configuration of the related fields and their real benefits for Information Science.

O egocentrismo infantil na perspectiva de Piaget e representações de professoras

This text comes up a clipping from an applied research, qualitative approach, which sought to understand both the egocentric second Piaget, through a literature search, furthermore, from a study that was conducted with teachers from kindergarten and the first years of elementary school, we sought to delineate the representations of such teachers in this regard and its proximity to the theory in question. Therefore, the trajectory traveled consisted of explaining aspects the Vygotsky's critique to Piaget, with respect to egocentric thought; subsequently show how as Piaget responded to criticism of Vygotsky, and expound upon the egocentric thought present in your perspective. Were addressed, we sought to delineate the representations of fifteen educators about the phenomenon of egocentrism in children and its proximity with the theory of Piaget. It might thus as regards the literature, and bring the importance of recognizing and understanding the thought egocentric in Piaget, as a phenomenon is intrinsically linked to the development of the child and that we can approach your understanding. For representations of teachers, approached more subjectively common sense than the concepts found in psychological theory focused. Thus, this study allows us to understand the limits and scope of training courses for teachers, with regard to the dimension in focus.

Proposta construtivista em questão: analise da experiencia brasileira no ensino da leitura e escrita

Years after the constructivism theory was adopted by “Parameters for National Syllabuses”, the results have pointed to a worse performance in teaching and learning with regards to reading and writing. This article presents the conclusions proceeding from investigation about the probable reasons for the student’s lack of success in reading and writing, and its relation to Emília Ferreiro’s constructivism proposals. Interviews were made as well as sit in class observation were done, with twenty teachers at six Fundamental Level 1 schools in Ourinhos, SP State, in schools that had been awarded the best and the worst performance rating in the Prova Brasil-2005, with this objective: to know and analyze the teacher’s conceptions under their practices and their practices in the classes. The conclusion is: it is not possible to attribute the students’ lack of success in reading and writing; these studies showed that many teachers, most of them, have a non-constructivist concept of teaching and learning, it means that they do not apply Ferreiro’s researches.

Televisão e desenvolvimento moral: análise de conteúdos sociomorais presentes nos desenhos animados

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Função simbólica e desenvolvimento da noção temporal em surdos e ouvintes: análise na perspectiva de Jean Piaget

In a previous research, it was observed that are symbolic exchanges established between the persons and the environment they live in that allow them to interact with others, leading them to reorganize their internal cognitive structures, reaching more elaborated stages. In the case of a person with deafness, the possibility of exchange can be compromised and knowledge about the construction of the temporal notion seems to be essential to enable a path of explanation about the difficulties they have regarding their cognitive development. Thus, based on the theory of Jean Piaget, the study intended to understand how the temporal notion constitutes as possible subject to the process of building the real, and examine, through empirical evaluation, if the difficulty in establishing symbolic exchanges caused by deafness would compromise the development of this notion. For this purpose, bibliographical research and empirical research were made, by the comparative evaluating between the performance of deaf and hearing subjects in relation to the construction of temporal notion. Two groups of subjects aged between 10 and 12 years were composed: one with three deaf subjects and another with 3 listeners. The assessment and analysis of the data were based on an experiment created by Piaget and his staff. The results showed that the listeners present responses from operative level, compatible with the age range in which they found themselves. In contrast, the deaf subjects showed responses of transition level, which indicates a situation of cognitive delay. We conclude that the potential compromise linguistic presented by deaf people, can hinder the activity representative causing delay in construction of temporal notion and consequently the development of thought. We conclude that the possible linguistic committal presented by deaf people can hinder the representative activity, causing delay in construction of temporal notion and consequently in the development of thought. In this sense, it seems that the Sign Language constitutes an important tool for deaf people because it allows symbolic exchanges that favor the cognitive development.

Uma perspectiva interacional da articulação dos profissionais da informação com o campo da Ciência da Informação

Discusses the concepts occupational knowledge and scientific knowledge, taking into account the existence of the field of Information Science formed by sub-professional and scientific fields. Displays incursions in profession sociology and systems theory of profession, in order to expand the vision of the knowledge base among information professionals.

Situaçao atual dos grupos de pesquisa no Brasil que estudam a obra de Jean Piaget

Actual scenario of the brazilian research groups that study the work of Jean Piaget. This article aim the research that we made about the brazilian research groups dedicated in the study of the work of Jean Piaget in nowadays. This article show quantitative data collected throughout the research and a brief analysis upon it.

Realismo, Nominalismo e Cartesianismo: Sentido e natureza das idéias como representações do mundo

The approach about the ideas, understood as metal representations, has practically bookmarked the whole Philosophy History, since the ancient Greece to the contemporary period. A lot of interpretations have been given to the meaning and to the nature of the ideas by many schools, among them lots of Realism slopes. This paper aims to present, from a historical and epistemological fragment, some theoretical perpectives, with emphasis in the realistic, nominalist and Cartesian proposals in relation to the formation and nature of the ideas.

O Modelo do Sistema de Esquema de Ações e Operações sobre Símbolos e Signos

The objective of this paper is to introduce a model, called the Model of the System of Schemes of Actions and Operations on Symbols and Signs (MoSSAOSS), that articulates a systemic, systematic, and synthetic view of some of the principal theoretic and experimental results obtained by Piaget and his coworkers. Here, the term model means a schematic representation of experience, the relation of whose elements can be explored by means of logic and mathematics in order to deduce properties that correspond, in a sufficiently accurate form, to direct observable empirical properties. The MoSSAOSS model is intended to reveal in an abstract and simplified form, and through explicit hypothesis and definitions, the general structure and function of the System of Schemes of Actions and Operations on Symbols and Signs. It is this system that furnishes the elements that make possible the diverse structures necessary for the knowledge of the epistemic subject, the subject of knowledge, the stages in their construction, and the attribution of significations to objects, to situations, and to the actions and operations of the subject itself.

A pesquisa sobre o fazer pesquisa: uma análise de citação da literatura periódica em Ciência da Informação

Introduction: This paper considers that information science (IS) literature covers a diversity of thematics with low emphasis on researches about conducting research. The study analyzes the scientific production of authors who investigate about research methodology in the information science (IS) literature, and the references used to lay the foundation of the methodological issues regarding the area. It discusses the methodological and epistemological positions of the leading researchers highlighted as the most productive investigators on the subject in the country. Method: The research adopts the content analysis coupled with metric studies to contextualize the indicators related to productivity, to the types of authorship and citation analysis. The bibliographic coupling method is considered an analysis mode which analyzes concomitant citations. It develops a theoretical framework about the importance of scientific production analysis in different knowledge fields. The study investigates, from a theoretical perspective, the concepts about research methodology and the complementarity between methodology and epistemology in conducting research. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the production of the highlighted authors presents the methodology as a thematic focus to be applied to IS contexts, as well as a research object in the field. The prominent productivity of the authors is justified especially by deepening the meta studies about the ways to conduct research in IS. This study also identifies a trend to single-authored studies about the theme. Conclusions: The research considers that meta studies and applied and methodological studies are important to recognize a consistent theoretical and practical core in the IS area. Regarding the epistemological influences identified by the citation analysis, the study observes that the critical rationalist epistemology and the social and political epistemology are highlighted in the construction of the theoretical framework of the most productive authors.

Linguagens expressivas e a formação de professores para a educação infantil: um estudo de projeto pedagógico

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

O branco ante a rebeldia do desejo: um estudo sobre a branquitude no Brasil

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR