Pressure evaluation of the antireflux ability of the rat ureterovesical junction

The bladder pressure necessary to cause vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was measured in 16 female rats. Under general anesthesia, the ureters were exposed via an abdominal incission and a pressure catheter was placed near the uterovesical junction. Values of bladder distension and bladder pressure increase to cause VUR were obtained by injecting isotonic saline in one ureter until VUR in the opposite ureter was detected as a sudden pressure increase. After 5 min the same procedure was done on the contralateral side. This procedure was repeated eight times in each rat with a 15-min intermission. The bladder pressure at which VUR occurred was measured through a uretral catheter. Two groups were studied: G1, control, and G2, administration of intravenous metoclopramide (0.007 mg/100 g body weight) four times.

REFLUXO GASTROESOFAGICO E SINTOMAS OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICOS

Gastroesophageal reflux and other gastroesophageal diseases produce symptoms in head and neck region leading individuals to search for ear nose and throat consultation. Otolaryngologist may incorporate investigation of reflux in your daily practice. Comments of gastroesophageal reflux and head and neck complaints are done. To illustrate handling of patients suspected of reflux authors relates a case of a dysphagia patient. Close relationship between otolaryngologist and gastroenterologist in reflux investigation is emphasized.

Esofagopatia chagásica complicada com esôfago de Barrett

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is an uncommon condition in chagasic esophagopathy not previously treated. In this report, a case of chagasic esophagopathy associated to GERD and complicated with Barrett's esophagus is described. Potential pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the condition are presented and commented.

Injeção subaracnóidea inadvertida de corticoíde em tratamento de dor crônica da coluna lombar. Relato de caso

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Before epídural steroids were used in chronic lumbar pain, subarachnoid injection of these agents was the treatment of choice. Although still preconized by some authors, this technique may lead to severe complications with neurological sequelae. This report aimed at describing a case of accidental subarachnoid injection of steroid associated to local anesthetics during epidural puncture to treat lumbar pain. CASE REPORT: Male patient, 46 years old, followed byneuro-surgery for presenting right sciatic pain for 9 month, refractory to clinical treatment due to L 4-L 5 disk protrusion confirmed by CT scan, without neurological deficit. Epidural puncture for pain treatment was performed in L 4-L 5 with 17G needle and 10 mL solution were injected containing 4 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine, 80 mg methylprednisolone and 4 mL of 0.9% saline. Although there has not been CSF reflux, 5 minutes after injection there were sensory block in T 4 and motor block in T 6, associated to blood pressure and heart rate decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Accidental subarachnoid injections with the association of steroids for pain relief may cause adverse effects. There are several risks, varying from mild transient symptoms to nervous injuries, including spinal cord injuries. Our patient had no sequelae from the accidental subarachnoid injection, probably because it has been a single injection.

Associação entre o achado de cárdia incompetente à endoscopia digestiva alta e presença de esofagite de refluxo

Incompetent cardia (IC) or loose cardia is not uncommon at endoscopic examination but its meaning is not clear. Such incompetence could facilitate gastroesophageal reflux and the appearance of esophagitis as a consequence. The aim of this study is to investigate if there is an association between IC and reflux esophagitis (RE). A review was made of 395 consecutive endoscopic reports of adult males and females performed at the Botucatu Clinics Hospital, of the Unesp - University of the State of São Paulo. Diagnosis of IC is defined by the endoscopic image in which the cardia is partially opened and/or involves the endoscope in a loose manner. Esophagitis characterization was based in the Los Angeles classification. The statistical analysis showed a significant association between CI and RE (p < 0.0001). Although there is not a clear explanation for this association, some hypotheses could be suggested involving hypotonic LES, diaphragmatic crura ineffectiveness and TLESR disorders as conditions able not only to keep the cardia relaxed but also to the reflux followed by esophagitis.

Secretion of middle ear in infants - Occurrence, recurrence and related factors

Objective: The present study aimed at evaluating the occurrence and recurrence of middle ear effusion and possible associated factors in the first two years of life of 190 newborns and infants, participants in the interdisciplinary prevention, detection, and intervention program at the Clínica de Educação para Saúde of Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Methods: Newborns and infants were monthly submitted to anamneses, otoscopy, behavioral hearing assessment using sound instruments and pure tones (pediatric audiometry) and tympanometry. Results: The results revealed that 68.4% of infants presented one or more episodes of middle ear effusion during their two first years, with more recurrence among males. Peak occurrence was between four and 12 months of age and, the earlier the first episode, the higher the probability of recurrence. Greatest incidence was during May and August. It was found that, of the variables investigated, the period of exclusive breastfeeding actuated as a protector factor. With respect of risk factors, it was observed that passive smoking, gastro-esophageal reflux and respiratory allergy were related with the recurrences of effusion. Conclusion: Findings revealed the importance of periodic auditory follow-up for infants during their first two years of life, considered to be the critical period of auditory system maturation, during which sensory deprivation can be responsible for damage to the development of speech, language and other auditory abilities. Copyright © 2005 by Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria.

Microondas doméstico na síntese de derivados ftalimídicos

Microwaves have been used in organic synthesis, since 1986, and have proved advantageous in several respects: the possibility of higher yields, greater selectivity and less thermal decomposition. Phthalimide and its derivatives constitute an important class of compounds for use in synthetic organic chemistry; in medicinal chemistry, it is considered an important biophore, acting as a pharmacophoric structural subunit for the synthesis of a number of compounds with different pharmacological uses, such as against sickle-cell disease. The purpose of the work reported here was to develop an alternative method for the synthesis of phthalimide derivatives by exploiting the condensation of phthalic anhydride with amino groups under microwave radiation. The results showed that phthalimide derivatives were obtained in shorter reaction times (5-10 min) and higher yields (60-89%) than by with conventional heating (reflux), demonstrating the potential use of microwaves in the synthesis of this class of molecules.

Secreção na orelha média em lactentes ocorrência, recorrência e aspectos relacionados

Objective: The present study aimed at evaluating the occurrence and recurrence of middle ear effusion and possible associated factors in the first two years of life of 190 newborns and infants, participants in the interdisciplinary prevention, detection, and intervention program at the Clínica de Educação para Saúde of Universidade do Sagrado Coração. Methods: Newborns and infants were monthly submitted to anamneses, otoscopy, behavioral hearing assessment using sound instruments and pure tones (pediatric audiometry) and tympanometry. Results: The results revealed that 68.4% of infants presented one or more episodes of middle ear effusion during their two first years, with more recurrence among males. Peak occurrence was between four and 12 months of age and, the earlier the first episode, the higher the probability of recurrence. Greatest incidence was during May and August. It was found that, of the variables investigated, the period of exclusive breastfeeding actuated as a protector factor. With respect of risk factors, it was observed that passive smoking, gastro-esophageal reflux and respiratory allergy were related with the recurrences of effusion. Conclusion: Findings revealed the importance of periodic auditory follow-up for infants during their first two years of life, considered to be the critical period of auditory system maturation, during which sensory deprivation can be responsible for damage to the development of speech, language and other auditory abilities. © 2007 Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría.

Anatomical features of the urethra and urinary bladder catheterization in female mice and rats. An essential translational tool

PURPOSE: To present fundamental anatomical aspects and technical skills necessary to urethra and urinary bladder catheterization in female mice and rats. METHODS: Urethral and bladder catheterization has been widely utilized for carcinogenesis and cancer research and still remains very useful in several applications: from toxicological purposes as well as inflammatory and infectious conditions to functional aspects as bladder dynamics and vesicoureteral reflux, among many others. RESULTS: Animal models are in the center of translational research and those involving rodents are the most important nowadays due to several advantages including human reproducibility, easy handling and low cost. CONCLUSIONS: Although technical and anatomical pearls for rodent urethral and bladder access are presented as tackles to the advancement of lower urinary tract preclinical investigation in a broaden sight, restriction to female animals hampers the male microenvironment, demanding future advances.

Characterization, and crystal structure of thiophenyl-2-methylidene-2- aminophenol

The Schiff base thiophenyl-2-methylidene-2-aminophenol (ImineOH) is obtained from a stoichiometric mixture of 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and 2-aminophenol in ethanol under reflux at 90 C. Its crystal structure is determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. ImineOH packs in an orthorhombic unit cell in the Pbca space group with the unit cell parameters a = 16.942(4) Å, b = 13.4395(11) Å, and c = 17.5857(12) Å, V = 4004.1(10) Å3, Z = 16. Strong hydrogen bonds are present in the ImineOH structure. Apart from the X-ray study, ImineOH was characterized by elemental analysis (CHN-S) and FT-IR (4000 cm-1 to 400 cm-1), UV-Vis and 13C, 1H, and 15N NMR spectroscopic measurements. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

Estudo das alterações funcionais respiratórias em pacientes dubmetidos à cirurgia videolaparoscópica de válvula anti-refluxo

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Efeitos do refluxo gastroesofágico na cavidade oral

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Preparação e caracterização de óxido de zinco nanoestruturado

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

Efetividade da finasterida no tratamento da síndrome da dor pélvica crônica: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)