Effect of unemployment insurance on duration of unemployment : a study based on CWBH data for Florida /

Bibliography: p. 101-104.

Lux mundi, a series of studies in the religion of the Incarnation,

Faith, by Rev. H.S. Holland.--The Christian doctrine of God, by Rev. A. Moore.--The problem of pain: its bearing on faith in God, by Rev. J.R. Illingworth.--The preparation in history for Christ, by Rev. E.S. Talbot.--The incarnation in relation to development, by Rev. J.R. Illinworth.--The incarnation as the basis of dogma, by Rev. R.C. Moberly.--The atonement, by Rev. and Hon. A. Lyttelton.--The Holy Spirit and inspiration, by Rev. C. Gore.--The church, by Rev. W. Lock.--Sacraments, by Rev. F. Paget.--Christianity and politics, by Rev. W.J.H. Campion.--Christian ethics, by Rev. R.L. Ottley.--Appendix on some aspects of Christian duty.

Legislation in Western Europe on mass dismissals and plant closings : a review of studies and commentaries, with policy implications for the United States /

"Contract L0458"--issued cover.

The effects of arts, trades, and professions : and of civic states and habits of living, on health and longevity: with suggestions for the removal of many of the agents which produce disease, and shorten and duration of life /

Advertisements: 16 p. of first group and 2 p. at end.

Timing and duration of release treatments affect vegetation development in a young California white fir plantation /

"March 2001"--P. [2] of cover.

Prolonged Duration of Sciatic Nerve Blockade in the Elderly after Foot and Ankle Surgery

1.1 Background and Objectives: Perioperative morbidity related to anesthesia renders elderly patients vulnerable because age related factors affect medication effects, clearance and metabolism. Regional anesthesia within a multimodal regimen reduces opioid adverse effects in the elderly and improves immediate analgesia but not long term recovery and prolonged nerve blockade has been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess analgesic effects of sciatic nerve blockade in the elderly. 1.2 Methods: Postoperative sciatic nerve blockade was administered for foot and ankle surgery to patients over age 18 years. Preoperative, post-anesthesia unit and 24 hour postoperative pain scores and opioid doses for these same intervals were recorded. 1.3 Results: 47 patients enrolled and 12 (25.5%) were over age 70. Preoperative, immediate and 24 post-operative pain scores and total intraoperative and immediate postoperative opioid doses were lower in the elderly. The total 24 hour postoperative opioid doses in the elderly were lower compared to the younger group. 1.4 Conclusions: Total 24 hour postoperative cumulative opioid doses after sciatic nerve blockade in patients over 70 are lower than in younger patients. Further observations in greater numbers of patients and improved ultrasound to assess sciatic nerve structure in the elderly are warranted to study this effect.

Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative

Objective To improve the accuracy and completeness of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy, to allow readers to assess the potential for bias in a study, and to evaluate a study's generalisability. Methods The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) steering committee searched the literature to identify publications on the appropriate conduct and reporting of diagnostic studies and extracted potential items into an extensive list. Researchers, editors, and members of professional organisations shortened this list during a two day consensus meeting, with the goal of developing a checklist and a generic flow diagram for studies of diagnostic accuracy. Results The search for published guidelines about diagnostic research yielded 33 previously published checklists, from which we extracted a list of 75 potential items. At the consensus meeting, participants shortened the list to a 25 item checklist, by using evidence, whenever available. A prototype of a flow diagram provides information about the method of patient recruitment, the order of test execution, and the numbers of patients undergoing the test under evaluation and the reference standard, or both. Conclusions Evaluation of research depends on complete and accurate reporting. If medical journals adopt the STARD checklist and flow diagram, the quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy should improve to the advantage of clinicians, researchers, reviewers, journals, and the public.

The effect of an algorithm-based sedation guideline on the duration of mechanical ventilation in an Australian intensive care unit

To examine the effect of an algorithm-based sedation guideline developed in a North American intensive care unit (ICU) on the duration of mechanical ventilation of patients in an Australian ICU. The intervention was tested in a pre-intervention, post-intervention comparative investigation in a 14-bed adult intensive care unit. Adult mechanically ventilated patients were selected consecutively (n =322) The pre-intervention and post-intervention groups were similar except for a higher number of patients with a neurological diagnosis in the pre-intervention group. An algorithm-based sedation guideline including a sedation scale was introduced using a multifaceted implementation strategy. The median duration of ventilation was 5.6 days in the post-intervention group, compared with 4.8 days for the pre-intervention group (P = 0.99). The length of stay was 8.2 days in the post-intervention group versus 7.1 days in the pre-intervention group (P = 0.04). There were no statistically significant differences for the other secondary outcomes, including the score on the Experience of Treatment in ICU 7 item questionnaire, number of tracheostomies and number of self-extubations. Records of compliance to recording the sedation score during both phases revealed that patients were slightly more deeply sedated when the guideline was used. The use of the algorithm-based sedation guideline did not reduce duration of mechanical ventilation in the setting of this study.

Duration of cannabis use - a novel phenotype?

Although cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug, duration of cannabis use is typically short, with many of those who initiate cannabis use ceasing use by their late twenties. In this paper we analyze data from a volunteer Australian cohort of 6265 male and female twins to examine whether the duration of cannabis use is an informative phenotype for future genetic analyses. Genetic modeling indicated: (a) moderate genetic influences on duration of cannabis use in both males (41%; 95% CI = 31–51) and females (55%; 95% CI = 46–63); (b) strong genetic influences on cannabis dependence in both males (72%, 95% CI = 61–81) and females (62%, 95% CI = 48–74); (c) no evidence of shared environmental influences on duration of cannabis use or on cannabis dependence in either males or females. Importantly, this model fitting indicated that a substantial component of genetic influences (rg = .90, 95% CI = .77–.99 (males); .70, 95% CI = .57–.83 (females)) on duration of cannabis use was shared with those influencing liability to cannabis dependence. While there were high genetic correlations in both women and men, lifetime duration of cannabis may be uniquely informative in assessing components of liability to cannabis use.

Clinical signs and duration of cyanide toxicosis delivered by the M-44 ejector in wild dogs

Sodium cyanide poison is potentially a more humane method to control wild dogs than sodium fluoroacetate (1080) poison. This study quantified the clinical signs and duration of cyanide toxicosis delivered by the M-44 ejector. The device delivered a nominal 0.88 g of sodium cyanide, which caused the animal to loose the menace reflex in a mean of 43 s, and the animal was assumed to have undergone cerebral hypoxia after the last visible breath. The mean time to cerebral hypoxia was 156 s for a vertical pull and 434 s for a side pull. The difference was possibly because some cyanide may be lost in a side Pull. There were three distinct phases of cyanide toxicosis: the initial phase was characterised by head shaking, panting and salivation; the immobilisation phase by incontinence, ataxia and loss of the righting reflex; and the cerebral hypoxia phase by a tetanic seizure. Clinical signs that were exhibited in more than one phase of cyanide toxicosis included retching, agonal breathing, vocalisation, vomiting, altered levels of ocular reflex, leg paddling, tonic muscular spasms, respiratory distress and muscle fasciculations of the muzzle.

Onset of sheath extension and duration of lamina extension are major determinants of the response of maize lamina length to plant density

Background and Aims Plants regulate their architecture strongly in response to density, and there is evidence that this involves changes in the duration of leaf extension. This questions the approximation, central in crop models, that development follows a fixed thermal time schedule. The aim of this research is to investigate, using maize as a model, how the kinetics of extension of grass leaves change with density, and to propose directions for inclusion of this regulation in plant models. • Methods Periodic dissection of plants allowed the establishment of the kinetics of lamina and sheath extension for two contrasting sowing densities. The temperature of the growing zone was measured with thermocouples. Two-phase (exponential plus linear) models were fitted to the data, allowing analysis of the timing of the phase changes of extension, and the extension rate of sheaths and blades during both phases. • Key Results The duration of lamina extension dictated the variation in lamina length between treatments. The lower phytomers were longer at high density, with delayed onset of sheath extension allowing more time for the lamina to extend. In the upper phytomers—which were shorter at high density—the laminae had a lower relative extension rate (RER) in the exponential phase and delayed onset of linear extension, and less time available for extension since early sheath extension was not delayed. • Conclusions The relative timing of the onset of fast extension of the lamina with that of sheath development is the main determinant of the response of lamina length to density. Evidence is presented that the contrasting behaviour of lower and upper phytomers is related to differing regulation of sheath ontogeny before and after panicle initiation. A conceptual model is proposed to explain how the observed asynchrony between lamina and sheath development is regulated.