Enhanced anchorage of tissue-engineered cartilage using an osteoinductive approach

Articular cartilage injuries occur frequently in the knee joint. Several methods have been implemented clinically, to treat osteochondral defects but none have been able to produce a long term, durable solution. Photopolymerizable cartilage tissue engineering approaches appear promising; however, fundamentally, forming a stable interface between the tissue engineered cartilage and native tissue, mainly subchondral bone and native cartilage, remains a major challenge. The overall objective of this research is to find a solution for the current problem of dislodgment of tissue engineered cartilage at the defect site for the treatment of degraded cartilage that has been caused due to knee injuries or because of mild to moderate level of osteoarthritis. For this, an in-vitro model was created to analyze the integration of tissue engineered cartilage with the bone, healthy and diseased cartilage over time. We investigated the utility of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles to promote controlled bone-growth across the bone-cartilage interface in an in vitro engineered tissue model system using bone marrow derived stem cells. We also investigated the application of HA nanoparticles to promote enhance integration between tissue engineered cartilage and native cartilage both in healthy and diseased states. Samples incorporated with HA demonstrated significantly higher interfacial shear strength (at the junction between engineered cartilage and engineered bone and also with diseased cartilage) compared to the constructs without HA (p < 0.05), after 28 days of culture. These findings indicate that the incorporation of HA nanoparticles permits more stable anchorage of the injectable hydrogel-based engineered cartilage construct via augmented integration between bone and cartilage.^

Inhibition de l'expression des gènes des métalloprotéinases matricielles (MMPs) par interception de la transduction du signal des cytokines pro-inflammatoire dans le cartilage et les chondrocytes articulaires

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Expression and regulation of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in human osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Production et effet catabolique du 4-hydroxynonénal dans les tissus articulaires arthrosiques : un nouveau facteur impliqué dans la dégradation du cartilage

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Identification des petits protéoglycanes riches en leucine comme nouveaux substrats de la MMP-13 dans le cartilage humain et caractérisation de leur site de clivage

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Caractérisation et évaluation in vitro de la section osseuse de treillis 3D polymériques ostéochondraux pour le remplacement de cartilage articulaire par génie tissulaire

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Synergy between Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels confers high-strain mechanosensitivity to articular cartilage.

Diarthrodial joints are essential for load bearing and locomotion. Physiologically, articular cartilage sustains millions of cycles of mechanical loading. Chondrocytes, the cells in cartilage, regulate their metabolic activities in response to mechanical loading. Pathological mechanical stress can lead to maladaptive cellular responses and subsequent cartilage degeneration. We sought to deconstruct chondrocyte mechanotransduction by identifying mechanosensitive ion channels functioning at injurious levels of strain. We detected robust expression of the recently identified mechanosensitive channels, PIEZO1 and PIEZO2. Combined directed expression of Piezo1 and -2 sustained potentiated mechanically induced Ca(2+) signals and electrical currents compared with single-Piezo expression. In primary articular chondrocytes, mechanically evoked Ca(2+) transients produced by atomic force microscopy were inhibited by GsMTx4, a PIEZO-blocking peptide, and by Piezo1- or Piezo2-specific siRNA. We complemented the cellular approach with an explant-cartilage injury model. GsMTx4 reduced chondrocyte death after mechanical injury, suggesting a possible therapy for reducing cartilage injury and posttraumatic osteoarthritis by attenuating Piezo-mediated cartilage mechanotransduction of injurious strains.

Inhibition de l'expression des gènes des métalloprotéinases matricielles (MMPs) par interception de la transduction du signal des cytokines pro-inflammatoire dans le cartilage et les chondrocytes articulaires

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Expression and regulation of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in human osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Production et effet catabolique du 4-hydroxynonénal dans les tissus articulaires arthrosiques : un nouveau facteur impliqué dans la dégradation du cartilage

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Identification des petits protéoglycanes riches en leucine comme nouveaux substrats de la MMP-13 dans le cartilage humain et caractérisation de leur site de clivage

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Caractérisation et évaluation in vitro de la section osseuse de treillis 3D polymériques ostéochondraux pour le remplacement de cartilage articulaire par génie tissulaire

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.