La vraye et ancienne orthographe francoise restaurée : tellement que desormais l'on aprandra parfetement à lire et à escrire... ([Reprod.]) / [Estienne Simon]

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 366

Ocular adnexal (orbital) solitary fibrous tumor: nuclear STAT6 expression and literature review.

PURPOSE: To report the clinico-pathological features of solitary fibrous tumor occurring in the ocular adnexa (OA) in a single center. To assess the presence of NAB2-STAT6 genes fusion in OA solitary fibrous tumor detected by nuclear overexpression of STAT6. METHODS: Retrospective study including orbital and OA solitary fibrous tumors treated between 2006 and 2014 in our center. The clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings were evaluated. STAT6 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Five patients were identified and presented with a chronic OA mass. The tumors were radiologically well delimited, highly vascularized and without bone erosion. All the patients underwent complete surgical excision. Pathological examination confirmed solitary fibrous tumor in all cases. All tumors demonstrated a nuclear expression of STAT6. There were no recurrences, with a mean follow-up of 5 years after surgery. Our review demonstrated that proptosis was the most common presentation occurring in 60 % of the cases. In the ocular adnexa, adverse histological criteria were found in 19.7 % of the tumors, and recurrences were observed in 48 % of these cases. Thirty-six percent of patients presented at least one local recurrence, and metastastic spread was found in 2.4 % of the cases. Tumor-related death was described in two cases. CONCLUSION: Ocular adnexal SFT are rare and usually present as a chronic orbital mass with proptosis. In the OA, solitary fibrous tumor demonstrates STAT6 nuclear expression, as documented in other locations. Recurrences are unusual and metastasis exceptional. Initial surgical resection should be complete in order to avoid recurrence.

Risk Behavior and Reciprocity of Organ Donation Attitudes in Young Men.

BACKGROUND: Lack of donor organs remains a major obstacle in organ transplantation. Our aim was to evaluate (1) the association between engaging in high-risk recreational activities and attitudes toward organ donation and (2) the degree of reciprocity between organ acceptance and donation willingness in young men. METHODS: A 17-item, close-ended survey was offered to male conscripts ages 18 to 26 years in all Swiss military conscription centers. Predictors of organ donation attitudes were assessed in bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regression. Reciprocity of the intentions to accept and to donate organs was assessed by means of donor card status. RESULTS: In 1559 responses analyzed, neither motorcycling nor practicing extreme sports reached significant association with donor card holder status. Family communication about organ donation, student, or academic profession and living in a Latin linguistic region were predictors of positive organ donation attitudes, whereas residence in a German-speaking region and practicing any religion predicted reluctance. Significantly more respondents were willing to accept than to donate organs, especially among those without family communication concerning organ donation. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, it was shown that high-risk recreational activities do not influence organ donation attitudes. Second, a considerable discrepancy in organ donation reciprocity was identified. We propose that increasing this reciprocity could eventually increase organ donation rates.

Multicontrast connectometry: A new tool to assess cerebellum alterations in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Cerebellar pathology occurs in late multiple sclerosis (MS) but little is known about cerebellar changes during early disease stages. In this study, we propose a new multicontrast "connectometry" approach to assess the structural and functional integrity of cerebellar networks and connectivity in early MS. METHODS: We used diffusion spectrum and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) to establish the structural and functional cerebellar connectomes in 28 early relapsing-remitting MS patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). We performed multicontrast "connectometry" by quantifying multiple MRI parameters along the structural tracts (generalized fractional anisotropy-GFA, T1/T2 relaxation times and magnetization transfer ratio) and functional connectivity measures. Subsequently, we assessed multivariate differences in local connections and network properties between MS and HC subjects; finally, we correlated detected alterations with lesion load, disease duration, and clinical scores. RESULTS: In MS patients, a subset of structural connections showed quantitative MRI changes suggesting loss of axonal microstructure and integrity (increased T1 and decreased GFA, P < 0.05). These alterations highly correlated with motor, memory and attention in patients, but were independent of cerebellar lesion load and disease duration. Neither network organization nor rs-fMRI abnormalities were observed at this early stage. CONCLUSION: Multicontrast cerebellar connectometry revealed subtle cerebellar alterations in MS patients, which were independent of conventional disease markers and highly correlated with patient function. Future work should assess the prognostic value of the observed damage. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1609-1619, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Successful long-term ambulatory norepinephrine infusions in a patient with pure autonomic failure.

We present a case study of a patient with pure autonomic failure who was successfully treated with ambulatory norepinephrine (NE) infusions over a 9-year-period of time before death occurred unexpectedly. Given this patient's response to the NE infusion treatment, we discuss the option of ambulatory NE infusions as a treatment for severe orthostatic hypotension that is refractory to common treatments.

Neuroenergetic Response to Prolonged Cerebral Glucose Depletion after Severe Brain Injury and the Role of Lactate.

Lactate may represent a supplemental fuel for the brain. We examined cerebral lactate metabolism during prolonged brain glucose depletion (GD) in acute brain injury (ABI) patients monitored with cerebral microdialysis (CMD). Sixty episodes of GD (defined as spontaneous decreases of CMD glucose from normal to low [<1.0 mmol/L] for at least 2 h) were identified among 26 patients. During GD, we found a significant increase of CMD lactate (from 4±2.3 to 5.4±2.9 mmol/L), pyruvate (126.9±65.1 to 172.3±74.1 μmol/L), and lactate/pyruvate ratio (LPR; 27±6 to 35±9; all, p<0.005), while brain oxygen and blood lactate remained normal. Dynamics of lactate and glucose supply during GD were further studied by analyzing the relationships between blood and CMD samples. There was a strong correlation between blood and brain lactate when LPR was normal (r=0.56; p<0.0001), while an inverse correlation (r=-0.11; p=0.04) was observed at elevated LPR >25. The correlation between blood and brain glucose also decreased from r=0.62 to r=0.45. These findings in ABI patients suggest increased cerebral lactate delivery in the absence of brain hypoxia when glucose availability is limited and support the concept that lactate acts as alternative fuel.

La comunicología y el estudio transversal del paisaje. Articulaciones conceptuales y propuesta de indicadores comunicativos para la evaluación de los paisajes

La gestión y evaluación del paisaje exige la necesaria convergencia de disciplinas en aras de delimitar los valores que la propia sociedad otorga al paisaje. El establecimiento de metodologías de análisis de tipo cualitativo parece satisfacer, en la mayoría de los casos, las necesidades de la comunidad científica en relación con la catalogación del paisaje. Las dificultades surgen cuando lo que pretende es clasificar el paisaje a partir de indicadores más de tipo cualitativo, lo que implica, sin lugar a dudas, la búsqueda de disciplinas que aporten más luz al ya de por sí complejo estudio de los denominados como valores intangibles del paisaje. La Comunicología representa, en este sentido, un aporte disciplinario novedoso, sobre todo en el sentido de intentar habilitar un lenguaje del paisaje, a partir del cual fijar los cimientos de su interpretación simbólica e identitaria. Así, las contribuciones teóricas del interaccionismo simbólico, de la ecología humana, de la psicología cognitiva o de la semiótica visual, entre otras, permiten vislumbrar las posibilidades de estudio del paisaje desde un punto de vista comunicológico. En este ensayo se sitúan los indicadores de evaluación de los paisajes en la órbita de la aportación disciplinar de la Comunicología. De ahí se abre un horizonte de posibilidades infinitas para el que se podría denominar como “abordaje comunicológico del paisaje”, con especiales sinergias en la concepción del paisaje como elemento activo de comunicación.

De anthropognosia morali

Invocatio: Divina adfulgente gratia.

Fata libertatis Romanae

Invocatio: Divina affulgente gratia.

Controle químico do oídio do mamoeiro

Realizaram-se três experimentos, em Linhares-ES, de controle do oídio (Ovulariopsis sp.) do mamoeiro (Carica papaya). A severidade da doença foi estimada usando escala de notas de 0 a 4. Em casa de vegetação, utilizaram-se mudas de 'Improved Sunrise Solo Line 72/12', em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e cinco repetições. Foram feitas três pulverizações de triflumizole (150, 225 e 300 mg.l-1 i.a.), enxofre (1560 mg.l-1 i.a.) e tiofanato metílico (700 mg.l-1 i.a) e quatro avaliações da severidade da doença a intervalos semanais. Em campo, realizaram-se dois experimentos com o 'Baixinho de Santa Amália', tendo delineamento em blocos casualizados e quatro repetições. Foram feitas cinco pulverizações, a intervalos bissemanais e cinco avaliações da severidade da doença, sendo uma previamente e as demais aos 21, 35, 49 e 63 dias após a primeira pulverização. Em casa de vegetação, todos os produtos reduziram a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD). Triflumizole foi mais eficiente, não tendo diferenças entre suas doses. No primeiro experimento de campo, enxofre (1560 mg.l-1 i.a.) e bicarbonato de sódio (2000 mg.l-1) foram os produtos mais eficientes na redução da AACPD, seguidos por triflumizole, que não apresentou diferenças entre as doses aplicadas (150, 225 e 300 mg.l-1 i.a.). Tiofanato metílico (700 mg.l-1 i.a.) não diferiu da testemunha. No segundo experimento, azoxystrobin (20 a 100 mg.l-1 i.a.) aplicado a cada 14 ou 28 dias, com ou sem adjuvante-molhante, e enxofre (1560 mg.l-1 i.a.) não reduziram a AACPD. Este trabalho mostrou a possibilidade de utilização de enxofre e de bicarbonato de sódio no controle do oídio do mamoeiro.

Perustutkimus uuden ajan alun verotuksesta

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

L'Univers

1871/11/11 (Numéro 1609).