Earthquake geology of Myanmar

This thesis describes the active structures of Myanmar and its surrounding regions, and the earthquake geology of the major active structures. Such investigation is needed urgently for this rapidly developing country that has suffered from destructive earthquakes in its long history. To archive a better understanding of the regional active tectonics and the seismic potential in the future, we utilized a global digital elevation model and optical satellite imagery to describe geomorphologic evidence for the principal neotectonic features of the western half of the Southeast Asia mainland. Our investigation shows three distinct active structural systems that accommodate the oblique convergence between the Indian plate and Southeast Asia and the extrusion of Asian territory around the eastern syntaxis of the Himalayan mountain range. Each of these active deformation belts can be further separated into several neotectonic domains, in which structures show distinctive active behaviors from one to another.

In order to better understand the behaviors of active structures, we focused on the active characteristics of the right-lateral Sagaing fault and the oblique subducting northern Sunda megathrust in the second part of this thesis. The detailed geomorphic investigations along these two major plate-interface faults revealed the recent slip behavior of these structures, and plausible recurrence intervals of major seismic events. We also documented the ground deformation of the 2011 Tarlay earthquake in remote eastern Myanmar from remote sensing datasets and post-earthquake field investigations. The field observation and the remote sensing measurements of surface ruptures of the Tarlay earthquake are the first study of this kind in the Myanmar region.

激光纳米治疗癌症研究发现新途径

2005年9月30日，中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所陈昆研究员领导的生物光子学研究小组与上海应用物理研究所李文新研究员领导的小组在对碳纳米管靶向药物传递细胞模型的合作研究中取得新发现：积聚在生物细胞中的碳纳米管对激光能量具有强烈吸收效应，并将光能量迅速转化为热能，产生的热效应导致了细胞的立刻崩溃。

Absorption characteristic and nonvolatile holographic recording in LiNbO3 : Cr : Cu crystals

The absorption characteristic of lithium niobate crystals doped with chromium and copper (Cr and Cu) is investigated. We find that there are two apparent absorption bands for LiNbO3:Cr:Cu crystal doped with 0.14 wt.% Cr2O3 and 0.011 wt.% CuO; one is around 480 nm, and the other is around 660 nm. With a decrease in the doping composition of Cr and an increase in the doping composition of Cu, no apparent absorption band in the shorter wavelength range exists. The higher the doping level of Cr, the larger the absorbance around 660 nm. Although a 633 nm red light is located in the absorption band around 660 nm, the absorption at 633 nm does not help the photorefractive process; i.e., unlike other doubly doped crystals, for example, LiNbO3:Fe:Mn crystal, a nonvolatile holographic recording can be realized by a 633 nm red light as the recording light and a 390 nm UV light as the sensitizing light. For LiNbO3:Cr:Cu crystals, by changing the recording light from a 633 nm red light to a 514 nm green light, sensitizing with a 390 nm UV light and a 488 nm blue light, respectively, a nonvolatile holographic recording can be realized. Doping the appropriate Cr (for example, N-Cr = 2.795 X 10(25)m(-3) and N-Cr/N-Cu = 1) benefits the improvement of holographic recording properties. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.

Optimizations for the uniformity of the non-volatile volume grating in doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals

The formation of the non-uniformity of the non-volatile volume grating in doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals is studied in detail. We find that the non-uniformity of the grating is mainly caused by strong ultraviolet light absorption, and the average saturation space-charge field is small and the diffraction efficiency is low as a result of the non-uniformity of the grating. In order to optimize the uniformity of the grating, we propose the recording scheme by using two sensitizing beams simultaneously from the two opposite sides of the crystals. Theoretical simulations and experimental verifications are performed. Results show that the well uniformed grating with high diffraction efficiency can be obtained by using this optimization scheme. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Compensation for self-focusing by use of cascade quadratic nonlinearity

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally compensation for positive Kerr phase shifts with negative phases generated by cascade quadratic processes. Experiments show correction of small-scale self-focusing and whole-beam self-focusing in the spatial domain and self-phase modulation in the temporal domain. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America.

利用双折射透镜组实现激光束空间整形

为了提高惯性约束聚变高功率激光系统的整体效率和充分利用光能，需要将高斯分布的光束整形为空间均匀分布的平顶光束。本文从球面透镜的琼斯矩阵出发，利用光学传输矩阵对双折射透镜组空间光束整形系统进行了理论分析，数值模拟了整形效果，讨论了透镜组参量的选择以及中心加工厚度误差等因素带来的影响，并对该系统进行了实验研究。在实验中，利用该双折射透镜组整型系统实现了光束的均匀化输出。在神光Ⅱ第九路中，在近场静态工作条件下，可将光束填充因子从原来的66％提高到80％。

Modos de governar, modos de governo: o governo-geral do Estado do Brasil entre a conservação da conquista e a manutenção do negócio (16421682)

A partir do exame comparativo dos regimentos passados aos governadores-gerais Antônio Telles da Silva, em 1642, Jerônimo de Ataíde, em 1653, e ao mestre-de-campo general Roque da Costa Barreto, em 1677, o presente trabalho procura, em sua primeira parte, determinar e sistematizar as atribuições e competências do Governo-Geral no que se refere à administração do Estado do Brasil, buscando apresentar como a instituição se organizava, do ponto de vista formal.Na segunda parte, examina-se a prática administrativa dos referidos governadores, tendo por foco as questões relacionadas à defesa e conservação da América portuguesa, como também a sua exploração econômica. Objetiva-se, com isso, verificar as condições de governabilidade, a posição do governador-geral dentro da estrutura administrativa da América, sua interface com os grupos da sociedade e seus distintos interesses, possibilitando compreender seu efetivo funcionamento e sua penetração na sociedade. Pretende-se, dessa forma, apreender a aplicação das normas regimentais e sua recepção no corpo social, identificando, a partir da articulação entre a forma normativa, expressa nos regimentos, e a da prática administrativa, o alcance e os limites do poder da Coroa.

姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽及其基因和应用

本发明涉及一种姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽及其基因和应用，属于生物医学领域。该免疫调节肽是中国虻科昆虫唾液腺免疫调节肽基因编码的一种线状多肽，其全序列为：甘氨酸-甘氨酸-缬氨酸-丝氨酸-甘氨酸-缬氨酸-丝氨酸-天冬氨酸-苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸-脯氨酸-异亮氨酸-谷氨酸-缬氨酸-丝氨酸- 甘氨酸-谷氨酸-天冬氨酸-酪氨酸-天冬酰胺-丝氨酸-天冬氨酸-谷氨酸 -丙氨酸-天冬氨酸-谷氨酸-天冬氨酸-甘氨酸-赖氨酸-丙氨酸。免疫调节肽基因由362个核苷酸组成，其中编码成熟编码姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽为第 115-204位核苷酸。该姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽作为抑制多种细胞因子的应用。本发明的免疫调节肽具有结构简单、人工合成方便、抗菌活性强等特点。

N-取代基-4-取代苯基-5-烷基-5-取代苄基吡咯烷酮-2,其中间体、其合成方法及其应用

由通式（Ⅰ）所示的Ｎ－取代基－４－取代苯基－５－烷基－５－取代苄基吡咯烷酮－２类化合物，具有钙拮抗活性，可应用于制备治疗脑功能障碍病药物，早老性痴呆病药物，增强学习记忆药物。其中Ｒ1是氢，取代苯甲酰基，１—５个碳原子的链状酰基。Ｒ2是氢，１—１０个碳原子的正、异构烷基。Ｘ是氢，邻、间、对位取代的氟、氯、溴原子或甲氧基、乙氧基。吡咯烷酮－２环上的４，５－二或三取代包括顺式（ＲＳ及ＳＲ）构型、反式（ＳＳ）及ＲＲ构型。合成通式（Ⅰ）及其吡咯烷酮－２的方法。通式（Ⅰ）如上。

The history of fish communities, biodiversity and environment of Lake Victoria and the lessons learnt

The first fishery survey of Lake Victoria was conducted between 1927 and 1928 (Graham 1929). Atthat time, the lake had a diverse fish fauna and the fishery was dominated by two endemic tilapiine cichlids; Oreochromis esculentus (Graham 1929) and O. variabilis (Boulenger 1906). There were a number of other species such as Protopterus aethiopicus Heckel 1851, Bagrus docmac (Forsk.) 1775, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), Barbus species, mormyrids, Synodontis spp, Schilbe intermedius (Linn.) 1762 and Rastrineobola argentea Pellegrin, 1904 that were also abundant in the lake most of which made a significant contribution to the fishery (Graham 1929, Worthington 1929, 1932, Kudhongania & Cordone 1974). Haplochromine cichlids were represented by at least 300 species more than 99% of them endemic (Greenwood, 1974; Witte et al., 1992 a & b). The fishery of Lake Victoria was similar to that of lakes Kyoga and Nabugabo (Worthington 1929; Trewavas 1933; Greenwood 1965, 1966; Beadle 1962, 1981). There were also important fisheries on the inflowing rivers of Lake Victoria, the most important of which were Labeo victorianus and Barbus altianalis (Cadwallader 1965). The small sized species notably Rastrineobola argentea and haplochromines cichlids were not originally commercially exploited.