880 resultados para Bone Density


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A lipodistrofia do HIV e evento comum em pacientes em uso de terapia antiretroviral fortemente ativa (HAART). O presente estudo avalia as alterações metabolicas e endocrinas em pacientes que apresentam lipodistrofia. Foram avaliados 40 pacientes com lipodistrofia e classificados em lipoatrofia, lipohipertrofia (lipoacumulacao) e lipodistrofia mista e analisadas as alterações endocrinas e metabolicas. As variáveis estudadas foram: resistência insulínica pelo HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assesment Insulin Resistance), teste oral de tolerancia a glicose, TSH, T4 livre, cortisol, DHEA, prolactina, testosterona em homens, FSH, LH e estradiol nas mulheres, colesterol total e fracoes (HDL e LDL), acido úrico, ureia, creatinina, AST e ALT, medidas antropométricas (peso, estatura, índice de massa corpórea, circunferência abdominal, quadril, relação cintura/quadril), densitometria óssea e avaliação de esteatose hepática por ultrassonografia abdominal. A lipo-hipertrofia isolada ocorreu em sua totalidade no sexo feminino (p <0,05). A média de idade foi semelhante nos três grupos, sem variação na distribuição por faixa etária. Dislipidemia ocorreu em todos os grupos após o inicio da terapia anti-retroviral (lipodistrofia mista, 100%, lipo-hipertrofia, 80% e lipoatrofia 70%). Variáveis antropométricas mostram elevação da cintura abdominal em mulheres com lipo-hipertrofia. (98,2 + 13,4) e menores em mulheres com lipoatrofia (76,8 + 6,1). Pacientes com lipoatrofia apresentam-se eutroficos (82,4%), e pacientes com lipo-hipertrofia apresentam sobrepeso ou obesidade (60%). Foi encontrada associação entre osteoporose e sexo masculino (p < 0,05) alta prevalência de dislipidemia (85%) e síndrome metabólica (37,5%) em todos os grupos estudados. A síndrome metabólica esteve associada com a lipo-hipertrofia. Não foram encontradas alterações significativas na tireoide, cortisol, relação cortisol/DHEA, testosterona, FSH, LH e prolactina. Conclusão: O sexo feminino apresenta forte associação com a lipo-hipertrofia isolada. A lipo-hipertrofia parece estar associado com a síndrome metabólica e resistência insulínica. Os homens tem maiores risco de desenvolvimento de osteopenia e osteoporose. Esteatose hepática, apesar de bastante comum não esta associado a um tipo particular de lipodistrofia. Alterações hormonais não são eventos comuns em pacientes com lipodistrofia do HIV.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

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In This work we studied the action of calcitonin on bone regeneration in the jaws of normal and ovariectomized rats with and without administration of calcitonin. One hundred rats aged approximately sixty days were used for this study. Of these fifty were ovariectomizedOv forming group and one month after the surgery, animals in all a hundred surgical bone defect was made in the angle of the mandible, creating a bone lesion of approximately 4 mm, covered with a PTFE barrier. OvThe animals were divided into two equal groups: Ov (ovaricctomizados) and LMO (ovariectomized with calcitonin). The other fifty animals, only with the bone lesion were also divided into two groups: control (C) and CM (control with calcitonin). Treated groups received the first dose of the substance immediately after surgery, the dose of 2 IU / kg IM three times per week. The animals were sacrificed after three, seven, 14, 21 and 28 days, with their jaws removed and sent for histological preparation. Densitometric analyzes were performed histological and histomorphometric verifying that it was observed that the Ov animals showed decreased bone density and a much slower regenerative process, when compared with control animals. Calcitonin proved effective in both ovariectomized animals and in those with only bone injury.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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There are diseases in vertebrates associated with the structure of bone tissue that directly affect the locomotor system of the animal. Being a endoskeleton, the diagnosis of these diseases becomes difficult in vivo. The characterization of the physical structure of the bone tissue of healthy animals becomes a major tool in the diagnosis comparison of live animals. Thus, the objective of this work is to determine the average value of the key physical properties of the bone structure used in the clinical diagnosis, such as: bone density, porosity, and mass attenuation coefficient of 59.6 keV photons of bone tissue and bovine and equine check variations in these values. The samples were provided by the pathology department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny of Botucatu-SP, which are of one male equine and one female bovine animals, using the radio and metacarpus, together with these materials were supplied the historic them. They were withdrawn ten samples in cuts of 10cm over the bone . These samples were submitted to the wet method of immersion in water for the density, by the method of attenuation of gamma radiation of radioisotope 241Am, it is estimated the mass attenuation coefficient, and then were dried in the oven for determining the content moisture. In determining the porosity of the samples was tight ground, in order to obtain the density of particles. The results for the mass attenuation coefficient of gamma radiation to the levels of saturated humidity, environment humidity, dry humidity respectively 0289 ± 0039; 0286 ± 0040 and 0297 ± 0042. And the density of particles was 2.2691 g/cm3

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Imaging diagnosis is a medical specialty that uses imaging techniques to perform diagnosis. In diagnostic imaging various methods are used such as direct absorption of photons - SPA and DPA, radiographic photometry, the dual-energy radiographic absorptiometry - DEXA, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and optical densitometry in radiographic image. The dog can be considered one of the most widely used animals in the study of bone diseases and searching for a reliable diagnosis, although not an ideal model for the study of osteoporosis, because these animals tend not to develop a decrease in bone mineral density. The objective of this study was to analyze bone density in mongrel dogs from the determination of the variation of density along the radio-ulna bone and also the mean value related to gender, weight and age of individuals. The density analysis carried out showed that for this data set, there is a significant difference in the case of gender and age of the animal and may generalize according to these variables. The only significant difference was found in the weight, which increases bone mass is related to weight gain through the growth of the animal

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)