Lighting the Wine Dark Sea : a typology of ancient lighthouses based on archaeological evidences

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Biogeochemistry of trace metals in the Indian EEZ of the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal

The present study has been initiated to unravel the distribution of trace metals and its geochemical behavior in the Indian EEZ of the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. Trace metal accumulation in aquatic consumers is of interest to ecologists and environmentalists so as to understand the fate and effect of contaminants in the food web dynamics and the biogeochemical cycling of trace metals. It is well established that oceanic distribution of macronutrients such as nitrate, phosphate and silicate provide critical to biological growth and related geochemical processes. In this study it can be inferred, that there is a need for a better understanding of background informations on trace metal concentrations with respect to space and time and their fluctuations in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal zooplankton. Without a sound knowledge on spatio-temporal fluctuations, it will be impossible to differentiate anthropogenic metal inputs from natural background concentrations with a routine biomonitoring programme. Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd & Pb showed a slight enrichment in zooplankton from the Arabian Sea during spring intermonsoon compared to intermonsoon fall. The relative enrichment of Fe, Cu & Zn in zooplankton from the Arabian Sea during intermonsoon spring than intermonsoon fall was due to favourable bioaccumulation factors of these elements during this season. Nevertheless this study can be looked upon as a starting point for further investigations on these biogeochemically important processes, which are vital in addressing the dynamics of productivity of waters.

Marine Yeasts from the Slope Sediments of Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal

The present study provides an account of the occurrence and diversity of marine yeasts in the slope sediments of Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. It also gives a clear idea about the role of yeasts in the benthic realm of marine ecosystem. The lipolytic potential of the organisms indicate the presence of rich lipid moieties in the study area. The isolates, Candida sp. SD 302 and Pichia guilliermondii SD 337 were proved to have potential oil degrading property and can be employed as bioremediators of oil spill after further characterization. The black yeasts isolated during the study area were found to have high commercial value by virtue of the by-products obtained from them. The melanin and the melanin degrading enzyme extracted from these organisms are potential bioactive materials for application in cosmetology.

Marine Benthos of the Continental Shelf of Southwest and Southeast Coast of India

Department of Marine Biology,Microbiology and Biochemistry,Cochin University of Science and Technology

Studies on energy exchange between sea and atmosphere from the indian ocean with special reference to arabian sea and bay of bengal

There are only a few attempts in the Indian ocean to evolve reliable climatic models of energy exchange fluxes and to study their inter annul variations. Large space scale and time history of the flux fields could be estimated by the bulk aerodynamic exchange and radiation equation, making use of the climatic normal’s of the related parameters derived from the remarkably good amount of surface marine observations compiled and made available on magnetic tape TDF II by the national climatic centre of NOAA for the period of years 1854 –early 1973. In this thesis the author has made an attempt to calculate the thermal energy exchange fluxes in a meaningful way, using the bulk aerodynamic coefficients which depend on the changes in the wind speed. The spatial and temporal distribution of the exchanges of energy between the ocean and atmosphere , are presented and their impact on the climatic variations of the Indian ocean are discussed from the point of view of predominating air sea interaction processes.

Studies on some fish larvae of the arabian sea and bay of bengal

Though several scientific expeditions surveyed tha Indian ocean. their findings on larval fishes were fragmentory and incomplete. During the International Indian ocean expedition (1960-1965) zooplankton samples were collected from vast area at the lndian ocean adopting standard procedures by participating vessels. These planktons provided an opportunity for a general study of the zooplanltton as well as their anotomy. abundance and distribution.. Realising the imortance of the analysis and classification of fish larvae at the family level being one of the most important information required then for the Indian Ocean region the fish larval portion sorted out from the above zooplankton samples was allocated to the author by the UNESCO consultative committee for the Indian Ocean Biological centre. In spite of the emhasis laid on The study of the family scombridae. owing to the paucity of the scombridae material in tne collection. much could not be done about it.However the record and description of the very early stages of morakel larvae made in 1967 as part of this study was the first of its kind. The present study on the distribution aspects o fish larva of such large area in the Indian ocean is also unique and first of its kind

Marine yeast isolates from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal :Biochemical, Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis

the present study was undertaken with the following objectives: 1. Isolation and identification of yeasts from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. 2. Molecular characterization of yeast isolates and phylogenetic analysis 3. Physiological and biochemical characterization of the isolates. 4. Proximate composition of yeast biomass and bioactive compounds. The Thesis is comprised of six chapters. A general introduction to the topic is given in Chapter1. Isolation and identification of marine yeasts are presented in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 deals with molecular identification and physiological characterization of Non- pigmented yeasts. Molecular identification and physiological characterization of pigmented yeast is presented in Chapter 4. Proximate composition of yeast biomass of various genera and their bioactive compounds are illustrated in Chapter 5. A summary of the results of the present study is given in Chapter 6. References and Appendices are followed

Characteristics of SST over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal

Evolution of mini warm pool in the Arabian Sea just before the onset of southwest monsoon and behavior of SST in the vicinity of weather systems formed during the premonsoon, southwest monsoon and post monsoon seasons were studied using TMI SST data. The Arabian Sea mini warm pool is formed about three weeks ahead of onset of southwest monsoon. Maximum SST is found about one week ahead of monsoon onset and then the warm pool gradually dissipated. Generally, a low-pressure system is formed when the SST exceeds a certain threshold value for the formation of the system. Daily SST values are examined both in Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal to bring out the quantity of increase in SST just before the formation of the system, quantity of rapid decrease in SST during the formation of the system and the number of days required for returning to normal SST. Many cases were examined for pre-monsoon, southwest monsoon and post monsoon seasons to understand the behavior of SST pattern. It is found that the SST increases about 3° C just before the formation of the system and decreases about 4° C during the formation within 2 to 3 days and takes about 4 to 6 days to return to normal SST pattern. However, the SST pattern depends on the weather system

Actinomycete Isolates from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal: Biochemical, Molecular and Functional Characterization

The thesis is comprised of seven chapters. Chapter 1 gives a general introduction to marine actinomycetes; Chapter 2 gives an account on the morphological, biochemical and physiological characterization of marine actinomycetes. Comprehensive description of molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of actinomycetes is dealt with in Chapter 3. The antimicrobial property with special reference to antivibrio activity is described in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 explores the melanin production ability of marine actinomycetes, characterization of melanin and evaluation of its bioactivity. Chapter 6 illustrates the study on chitinolytic Streptomyces as antifungal and insecticidal agents. Summary and Conclusion of the study is presented in Chapter 7, followed by References and Appendices.The present study provides an insight into the various actinomycetes occurring in the sediments of Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. Streptomyces was found to be the dominant group followed by Nocardiopsis. Eventhough generic level identification is possible by traditional phenotypic methods, species level identification necessitate a polyphasic approach including both phenotypic and genotypic characterization. Antibiotic production coupled with biogranulation property helped in the effective utilization of the actinomycetes for the control of vibrios. Melanin from Streptomyces bikiniensis was proved to be a promising antioxidant and photoprotectant. Marine actinomycetes were found to be a good source of hydrolytic enzymes and the chitinolytic isolates could be explored as biocontrol agents in terms of antifungal and insecticidal property. The present study explored the potential of marine actinomycetes especially Streptomycetes as a promising source of bioactive molecules for application in aquaculture and pharmaceutical industry.

Influence of education levels on dissemination of soil fertility management information in the central highlands of Kenya

Inadequate links between researchers and farmers has resulted in low uptake of research advances recommended to improve food security in the central highlands of Kenya. Access to timely and accurate information by extension agents and farmers is paramount in dissemination of soil fertility management practices. Hence, the study sought to investigate the effect of education levels on communication channels used to disseminate soil fertility technologies in the Central highlands of Kenya. Questionnaires were used to elicit information from 105 extension agents and 240 farmers. About 50.5% of the extension officers were certificate holders while 29.5% were diploma holders from agricultural institutes. Majority of the farmers had attained primary education (59.6%) while 25.8% and 9.2% had attained secondary and post secondary education, respectively. Research institutions were the most accessible sources of information on soil fertility management practices by extension agents while internet and scientific conferences were the least scored as accessible sources of soil fertility management information by extension agents. Education levels significantly influenced preference of individual approach methods by farmers. There was a significant positive relationship between education and accessibility of internet as a source of information on green manure. The implication of the study was that education levels influenced the mode of communication used in the transfer of soil fertility research outputs to the end users. Consequently, it is extremely important to consider education levels in selection of dissemination pathways used in agriculture.

Point of inflexion between the companies and the universities as opposed to the relation University, Company and State in Colombia

The Relation University, Company and State UEE defined through the eight committees created in Colombia to position the investigation like central axis of the triad one, impliesthe revision of the paper that in ahead must assume the companies and the universities for the success of the nexus. The scene raises the debt that both estates show as opposed to the definition of the subjects that in particular force them to work jointly within the triad one. The systemic methodology, drawn up under the epilogue of the order of the organizations, stipulates that these can work in unison or in key when they are understood like structure, and recognize what they do to each other. However, slope has left all a leaf of conciliations, understandings and repairs that they will have to be reviewed to the light of spirit UEE.

Under the moon and over the sea : a collection of caribbean poems.

Colección de más de cincuenta poesías, dividida en cinco partes, que evoca las vistas, sonidos, gustos y cuentos del Caribe, así como la experiencia de vivir allí. Muchos de estos poemas son inéditos.

Immunogenicity of the outer domain of a HIV-1 clade C gp120

Background: The possibility that a sub domain of a C clade HIV-1 gp120 could act as an effective immunogen was investigated. To do this, the outer domain ( OD) of gp120(CN54) was expressed and characterized in a construct marked by a re-introduced conformational epitope for MAb 2G12. The expressed sequence showed efficient epitope retention on the isolated ODCN54 suggesting authentic folding. To facilitate purification and subsequent immunogenicity ODCN54 was fused to the Fc domain of human IgGl. Mice were immunised with the resulting fusion proteins and also with gp120(CN54)-Fc and gp120 alone. Results: Fusion to Fc was found to stimulate antibody titre and Fc tagged ODCN54 was substantially more immunogenic than non-tagged gp120. Immunogenicity appeared the result of Fc facilitated antigen processing as immunisation with an Fc domain mutant that reduced binding to the FcR lead to a reduction in antibody titre when compared to the parental sequence. The breadth of the antibody response was assessed by serum reaction with five overlapping fragments of gp120(CN54) expressed as GST fusion proteins in bacteria. A predominant anti-inner domain and anti-V3C3 response was observed following immunisation with gp120(CN54)-Fc and an anti-V3C3 response to the ODCN54-Fc fusion. Conclusion: The outer domain of gp120(CN54) is correctly folded following expression as a C terminal fusion protein. Immunogenicity is substantial when targeted to antigen presenting cells but shows V3 dominance in the polyvalent response. The gp120 outer domain has potential as a candidate vaccine component.