Regulation of the kinin receptors after induction of myocardial infarction: a mini-review

It is well known that the responses to vasoactive kinin peptides are mediated through the activation of two receptors termed bradykinin receptor B1 (B1R) and B2 (B2R). The physiologically prominent B2R subtype has certainly been the subject of more intensive efforts in structure-function studies and physiological investigations. However, the B1R activated by a class of kinin metabolites has emerged as an important subject of investigation within the study of the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS). Its inducible character under stress and tissue injury is therefore a field of major interest. Although the KKS has been associated with cardiovascular regulation since its discovery at the beginning of the last century, less is known about the B1R and B2R regulation in cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI) and their complications. This mini-review will summarize our findings on B1R and B2R regulation after induction of MI using a rat model. We will develop the hypothesis that differences in the expression of these receptors may be associated with a dual pathway of the KKS in the complex mechanisms of myocardial remodeling.

Plasma metanephrines: a novel and cost-effective test for pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytomas are rare chromaffin cell tumors that nevertheless must be excluded in large numbers of patients who develop sustained or episodic hypertension as well as in many others with suggestive symptoms or with a familial history of pheochromocytoma. Diagnosis of pheochromocytoma depends importantly on biochemical evidence of excess catecholamine production by a tumor. Imperfect sensitivity and specificity of commonly available biochemical tests and the low incidence of the tumor among the tested population mean that considerable time and effort can be expended in confirming or ruling out pheochromocytoma in patients where the tumor is suspected. Measurements of plasma free metanephrines provide a superior test compared to other available tests for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. In particular, the high sensitivity of plasma free metanephrines means that a normal test result reliably excludes all but the smallest of pheochromocytomas so that no other tests are necessary. Measurements of plasma free metanephrines, when systematically combined with other diagnostic procedures outlined in this review, provide a more efficient, reliable and cost-effective approach for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma than offered by previously available approaches.

Meditationes sancti evangelii 17

Arkit: A-B4.

Meditationes sanctarum epistolarum 68

Invokaatio: Deo duce.

Meditationes sancti evangelii 55

Arkit: A-B4.

Meditationes sancti evangelii 57

Arkit: A-B4.

Meditationes sancti evangelii 81

Invokaatio: Deo duce.

Meditationes sanctarum epistolarum 36

Invokaatio: Deo duce.

Meditationes sanctarum epistolarum 15

Invokaatio: Deo duce!

De dono matutinali, svetice morgongåfwa

Invokaatio: Q.F.F.Q.S.

De tabellario

Invokaatio: J.B.C.

De stellis

Arkit: A-B4.

Theoremata quaedam de metallis continens

Invokaatio: Sun Theo.

De amicitia

Invokaatio: Quod benè vertat altissimus.

De constitutione syllogismi

Variantti A.