887 resultados para Aço estrutural


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The development of technology for structural composites has as one of its ends form a set of materials that combine high values of mechanical strength and stiffness and low density. Today, companies like Embraer and PETROBRAS and research institutions like NASA, working with these materials with recognized advantages in terms of weight gain, increased performance and low corrosion. We have developed a systematic study to determine the bond strength between composite carbon fiber / epoxy and fiberglass / epoxy laminate both bonded to a carbon steel which are widely used in the petrochemical industry and repair. For morphological evaluation and bonding between materials of different natures, ultrasound analysis, optical microscopy and stereoscopy were performed. To simulate actual conditions, the composites were subjected to conditioning by using heat shock temperatures from -50 to 80 ° C for 1000 cycles for composite carbon fiber / epoxy composites and 2000 cycles for fiberglass / epoxy . The use of composites studied here proved to be efficient to perform repairs in metallic pipes with application petrochemical, as when exposed to sudden changes of temperature (-50 ° to 80 ° C) cycling at 1000 to 2000 times, its mechanical properties (shear and tensile) practically do not change

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The objective of the present work was to evaluate Pinus’ glued laminated timber (glulam) beams and steel reinforced glulam beams, using PU mono-component adhesive in lamination step and epoxy adhesive to bond steel bars. The mechanical performance was verified through bending test, and the adopted method based on homogenized section, to considerate the differences between wood and steel mechanical properties. The homogenization section method proved itself effective in obtaining the stiffness of the parts in MLCA. The stiffness of reinforced beams increased 91% in comparison with glulam beams, differing only 5.5 % from value of stiffness calculated

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This monograph presents the data of geological mapping, structural and economic research of an area of about 230 km², in the outskirts of Jacutinga / MG, south of Minas Gerais State and adjacent areas of the northeastern state of São Paulo, in compliance with the discipline of Graduation Course of Geology at the Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences. It consists of Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe, developed in response to the collision of cratons Parana and Sao Francisco (630 Ma ago), with mass transit to the east, affected by the coexistence of a system pushes later, with convergence to Northwest, giving rise to the intricate area of interference of the two provinces. Locally there metasedimentary rocks of molasse basin of Proterozoic- Phanerozoic transition called Eleutério; Intrusive, equigranular and porphyroid granits, polyphase, and predominantly granodioritic migmatites Anatexia of structures with different neossomas predominantly granodioritic to granitic in Group Amparo, paragneisses arcosianos, greywacke, aluminous , calc-silicate, mica schists and migmatites of the aluminous migmatites and Itapira Anatexia of multi-phase, with neossomas predominantly granodiorite, with intercalations orthogneissic homogeneous granitic to tonalitic porphyroid composition of the Amparo. We tried to draw a geological map, semi-structural detail of the area in focus, with location of mineral occurrences economically viable operation. Furthermore, this study aims to train students in basic and applied geology, using techniques learned during the undergraduate course.

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Este trabalho apresenta a Caracterização Estrutural da Zona de Falha da Cachoeira na região compreendida entre as cidades de Jundiaí e Monte Mor no estado de São Paulo. A Zona da Falha da Cachoeira constitui um importante alinhamento estrutural de direção NW no Embasamento Cristalino e adentra-se no mesmo sentido na Bacia do Paraná afetando os sedimentos paleozóicos. Para a investigação da Zona de Falha foi necessária a definição das características geológico-estruturais e tectônicas da área. As análises macro e mesoscópicas indicam forte estruturação de relevo e dos alinhamentos de drenagem para direção NW-SE e subordinadamente para NE-SW. A zona de falha é marcada pela presença de rochas com texturas miloniticas, cataclásticas e trama de cristais isorientados não deformados. Falhas normais, transcorrentes dextrais, sinistrais foram identificadas e suas análises permitiram inferir um quadro evolutivo para a zona da Falha da Cachoeira, onde as falhas de direções NW-SE antigas relacionadas à paleotectônica e a formação das rochas miloniticas e cataclásticas , as NE-SW aos falhamentos normais da tectônica distensiva do sistema rifts do Sudeste Brasileiro que geraram os depósitos terciários e as falhas normais NW-SE a aos movimentos transcorrentes neotectônicos.

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Structure is the resistant part of a construction that is able to support forces and transmit them to its supports or links. Knowing its importance, it is necessary to do a structural analysis. This study focuses on showing, in a different way, a method of understanding the bending moment and the shear beam diagrams. A real model was developed in laboratory to check what happens when certain loads are placed along. Throughout this study it was possible to verify that the practical application of the theory will provide the classroom a better understanding

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A Zona de Falha de Cássia constitui um feixe de falhas de direção preferencial NW-SE e aproximadamente 2 km de largura. Dados de campo, petrográficos e microestruturais evidenciam uma longa história deformacional da zona de falha. Assim, foram caracterizadas três fases de atividade/movimentação da Zona de Falha de Cássia. A primeira fase (précambriana) é caracterizada por deformação em regime dúctil, acarretando na geração de milonitos formados em condições metamórficas de fácies xisto verde. Este é o estágio de formação da falha, apresentando caráter transcorrente oblíqua, com movimentação sinistral inversa. A segunda fase corresponde a uma reativação da zona de falha como uma falha normal, com bloco alto a NE e bloco baixo a SW da referida estrutura. Seu registro é dado pela ocorrência localizada de brechas e cataclasitos. Este episódio de deformação eminentemente rúptil é correlacionado com o Soerguimento do Alto Paranaíba, o que indica movimentação da falha no Neocretáceo. A terceira e última fase é marcada pela formação de depósitos sedimentares plio-pleistocênicos compostos por brecha sedimentar de leques aluviais e sedimentos argilosos lacustres. Tais depósitos são interpretados como originados pelo represamento da drenagem subatual e conseqüente mudança do nível de base local, em decorrência de uma reativação da Zona de Falha de Cássia. O referido pacote sedimentar apresenta-se localmente cortado por fraturas, zonas brechadas e falhas, caracterizando atividade neotectônica na região. Além disso, foi mostrada a forte influência da zona de falha no desenvolvimento da paisagem da região, sendo constatada a inversão do relevo e da drenagem na área estudada.

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Nowadays, the automotive industry is working to optimize the design of engines, in order to reduce the fuel consumption with acceptable efficiency ratio. This undergraduate thesis is aimed at perform a kinematic/dynamic analysis of a slider-crank mechanism that is part of a four stroke internal combustion engine, the same engine that was used in the analysis described by Montazersadhd and Fatemi (2007). Two algorithms were developed based on Kane’s method to calculate velocities and accelerations of the mechanism bodies, and provide the acting forces at connecting rod joints. A SimMechanics model was developed to simulate the engine, and monitoring the same parameters that were calculated with the algorithms. The results obtained with both approaches were satisfactory and showed good agreement with the values provided by Montazersadhd and Fatemi (2007). The obtained results showed that the axial component of the rod joint efforts was caused by the pressure exerted on the piston head,whereas the radial component was related with the action of inertia loads. Besides, this thesis presents a connecting rod assembly mesh that is going to be used for static and fatigue finite element analysis in the future

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The following paper means to develop a program to make structural analysis of space trusses. The program to be implemented was based on the concepts of the finite element method and used the programing resources of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) for the Excel Software®. Being Excel® a software of easy access, low cost, capacity to make matrix calculations and with advanced resources of VBA programing, it is possible to develop an economic solution, efficient and precise for structural analysis of space trusses. Firstly is presented a finite elemento method and the space truss. Then is developed a few important algorithms to be used during the development of the program and also the use of a few resources of VBA. And to validate the quality, efficiency and precision of the results, these are compared with the established commercial software Ansys

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This study aimed to develop a computer program which systematizes the structural shielding design calculation in diagnostic radiology facilities. For this purpose methodology of the National Council of Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP 147[5]) was used. By comparative statistics studies, it was verified if reference parameters values suggested by the US publication correspond to the average national values. The World Wide Web was chosen because of its characteristics as a powerful mean of communication, especially in terms of the wide variety of useful resources and easy access. To compare the reference values of some parameters proposed by NCRP 147 to Brazilian average, studies about the normalized workload per patient, performance of X-ray tube and primary air kerma, unshielded, at one meter from the focal point of the X-ray tube were made. Through this research, relative differences were found. In workload values this differences reached up to 50% in mammography compared to those presented by the NCRP 147; in X-ray tube performance the percentage differences reached 69% in dental radiology, and air kerma results amounted 31% in fluoroscopy. This demonstrates the importance of validation of international protocols to local realities

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The study area is included in the geological context of the Goias Median Massif, a region where there are associations of Archean granite-gneiss complex (Block Moquém) and a Paleoproterozoic metavolcano-sedimentary sequence ( Pilar greenstone belt ). At the south of area, the greenstone sequence is partially overlain by Neopreoterozoic metasediments of the Araxá Group. The lithostratigraphic units of the Pilar greenstone belt define a shift from about N30W direction (north of the deposit) to N60 and 70W in the region south of the Jordino deposit, where are truncated by the Araxá Group rocks. Mineralogical associations described in this paper allow to indicate that the regional metamorphism that affected the rocks of the greenstone belt and Araxá Group, in the mapped area, reached the upper greenschist facies (garnet zone). Data obtained during mapping and by microtectonics analysis allow to indicate the existence of at least four deformational events that acted on the rocks of the Guarinos greenstone belt and Araxá Group, represented by the phases called Dn-1, Dn, Dn + 1 and Dn+2. It was observed that the pattern of sulphide porfitoblasts in mineralized levels is similar to garnet, biotite and muscovite porfiroblasts (tardi to post Dn) that marks the metamorphic peak of the area

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The study area is includes in the geological context of Arenópolis Magmatic Arc, a region where there are neoproterozoic associations of granodioritic and tonalitic composiotion. (Ortogneisses of the western Goiás) and sequences metavolcanic-sedimentary (Jaupaci Metavolcanic-sedimentary Sequence ). In the mapped area, both units are covered by a cover-laterite. The Ortogneisses from Goiás West consist of a source granodioritic gneisses, corresponding to the Biotite granodiorite gneisse, and also by tonalitic gneiss composition corresponding to Metatonalit. The Jaupaci Metavolcanic-sedimentary Sequence is formed by Chlorite Schist (Metabasalt), Biotite Schist (Metadacite) and Sericite Schist (Metarhyolite), and even intrusions Sin/Tardi e Post Tectonic, granite to diorite composition (Diorites), and alson tonalitic (Bacilandia Tonalite). Post tectonic intrusions are observed, wich were Hornblend Diorite Porphyry and Lamprophyres, Structural analysis allowed the identification of three deformational events, Dn-1, Dn and Post-Dn. The first event is associated with a bygone foliation, lineation which generates an intersectional event, generating the foliation Sn, this being the most important structure in the study area, generating even the type mineral lineation and stretch. The last deformational event is characterized by folds on different scales, affecting the Sn foliation. The rocks of the region have features s active hydrothermal and regional metamorphism, and are composed os assembly indicative of mineralogical facies metamorphism Green Schist, in chlotite zone, with evidence of retro metamorphism. Locally there are sulfides as pyrite, arsenopyrit and pyrhotite, and te mineralization is associated with the arsenopyrite

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The aim of this study is to characterize the macrostructure and microstructure of Al - 1%Si alloy obtained in sand and metallic molds. Aluminium has good mechanical properties, but adding silicon, even in small quantities, can change the microstructure and improves mechanical behavior. Workpieces were castings in metallic and sand molds and one can see a difference in their cooling curve, macroscopic and microscopic structures. The sand mold casting has lower cooling rate and so its grains are larger. Due to the lower concentration of grain boundary, the hardness is lower compared to that found in metallic molds, which has smaller grains and a higher hardness. Therefore, it can be concluded that the cooling rate and alloying elements affect the final microstructure of the workpiece

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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The knowledge of the structure characteristic of the Organic Matter is important for the understanding of the natural process. In this context aquatic humic substances (principal fraction) were isolated from water sample collected from the two distinct rivers, using procedure recommended for International Humic Substances Society and characterized by elemental analysis, electron paramagnetic resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR). The results were interpreted using principal component analysis (PCA) and the statistical analyses showed different in the structural characteristics of the aquatic humic substances studied.