314 resultados para sedimentar
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Dissertação de mestrado, Geomática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014
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Dissertação de mestrado, Geomática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014
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Tese de doutoramento em Paleontologia. Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Univ. do Algarve, 2005
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de Geografia, 2015.
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Tese de Doutoramento, Ciências do Mar, da Terra e do Ambiente, Ramo: Ciências e Tecnologias do Ambiente, Especialização em Ecotoxicologia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2016
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Electrical resistive heating (ERH) is a thermal method used to improve oil recovery. It can increase oil rate and oil recovery due to temperature increase caused by electrical current passage through oil zone. ERH has some advantage compared with well-known thermal methods such as continuous steam flood, presenting low-water production. This method can be applied to reservoirs with different characteristics and initial reservoir conditions. Commercial software was used to test several cases using a semi-synthetic homogeneous reservoir with some characteristics as found in northeast Brazilian basins. It was realized a sensitivity analysis of some reservoir parameters, such as: oil zone, aquifer presence, gas cap presence and oil saturation on oil recovery and energy consumption. Then it was tested several cases studying the electrical variables considered more important in the process, such as: voltage, electrical configurations and electrodes positions. Energy optimization by electrodes voltage levels changes and electrical settings modify the intensity and the electrical current distribution in oil zone and, consequently, their influences in reservoir temperature reached at some regions. Results show which reservoir parameters were significant in order to improve oil recovery and energy requirement in for each reservoir. Most significant parameters on oil recovery and electrical energy delivered were oil thickness, presence of aquifer, presence of gas cap, voltage, electrical configuration and electrodes positions. Factors such as: connate water, water salinity and relative permeability to water at irreducible oil saturation had low influence on oil recovery but had some influence in energy requirements. It was possible to optimize energy consumption and oil recovery by electrical variables. Energy requirements can decrease by changing electrodes voltages during the process. This application can be extended to heavy oil reservoirs of high depth, such as offshore fields, where nowadays it is not applicable any conventional thermal process such as steam flooding
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The Rio do Peixe Basin represents a main basin of northeastern Brazil and pioneering work positioned the rocks of this basin in the Early Cretaceous. However, a recent study, based on integrated pollen analysis from three wells, found an unprecedented siliciclastic sedimentary section, in the region, of early Devonian age. Therefore, the present study aims a detailed petrographic and petrological analysis of this devonian section, in the Rio do Peixe Basin and proposes a diagenetic evolution, to understand the characteristics of the porous system, identify the main reservoir petrofacies with the main factors impacting on the quality of these rocks as reservoirs and a quick study on the provenance of this section. The petrographic study was based on samples obtained from subsurface and surface. The diagenetic evolution of petrofacies and its identification were based only on subsurface samples and the study of provenance was based on surface samples. The thin sections were prepared from sandstones, pelites and sandstones intercalated with pelites. The original detrital composition for this section is arcosean and the main diagenetic processes that affected these rocks occur in various depths and different conditions, which resulted in extensive diagenetic variety. The following processes were identified: early fracture and healing of grains; albitization of K-feldspar and plagioclase; siderite; precipitation of silica and feldspar; mechanical infiltration of clay and its transformation to illite/esmectite and illite; autigenesis of analcime; dissolution; autigenesis of chlorite; dolomite/ferrous dolomite/anquerite; apatite; calcite; pyrite; titanium minerals and iron oxide-hidroxide. The occurrence of a recently discovered volcanism, in the Rio do Peixe Basin, may have influenced the diagenetic evolution of this section. Three diagenetic stages affected the Devonian section: eo, meso and telodiagenesis. This section is compositionally quite feldspathic, indicating provenance from continental blocks, between transitional continental and uplift of the basement. From this study, we observed a wide heterogeneity in the role of the studied sandstones as reservoirs. Seven petrofacies were identified, taking into account the main diagenetic constituent responsible for the reduction of porosity. It is possible that the loss of original porosity was influenced by intense diagenesis in these rocks, where the main constituent for the loss of porosity are clays minerals, oxides and carbonate cement (calcite and dolomite)
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The general objective of this thesis has been seasonal monitoring (quarterly time scale) of coastal and estuarine areas of a section of the Northern Coast of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, environmentally sensitive and with intense sediment erosion in the oil activities to underpin the implementation of projects for containment of erosion and mitigate the impacts of coastal dynamics. In order to achieve the general objective, the work was done systematically in three stages which consisted the specific objectives. The first stage was the implementation of geodetic reference infrastructure for carrying out the geodetic survey of the study area. This process included the implementation of RGLS (Northern Coast of the RN GPS Network), consisting of stations with geodetic coordinates and orthometric heights of precision; positioning of Benchmarks and evaluation of the gravimetric geoid available, for use in GPS altimetry of precision; and development of software for GPS altimetry of precision. The second stage was the development and improvement of methodologies for collection, processing, representation, integration and analysis of CoastLine (CL) and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) obtained by geodetic positioning techniques. As part of this stage have been made since, the choice of equipment and positioning methods to be used, depending on the required precision and structure implanted, and the definition of the LC indicator and of the geodesic references best suited, to coastal monitoring of precision. The third step was the seasonal geodesic monitoring of the study area. It was defined the execution times of the geodetic surveys by analyzing the pattern of sediment dynamics of the study area; the performing of surveys in order to calculate and locate areas and volumes of erosion and accretion (sandy and volumetric sedimentary balance) occurred on CL and on the beaches and islands surfaces throughout the year, and study of correlations between the measured variations (in area and volume) between each survey and the action of the coastal dynamic agents. The results allowed an integrated study of spatial and temporal interrelationships of the causes and consequences of intensive coastal processes operating in the area, especially to the measurement of variability of erosion, transport, balance and supply sedimentary over the annual cycle of construction and destruction of beaches. In the analysis of the results, it was possible to identify the causes and consequences of severe coastal erosion occurred on beaches exposed, to analyze the recovery of beaches and the accretion occurring in tidal inlets and estuaries. From the optics of seasonal variations in the CL, human interventions to erosion contention have been proposed with the aim of restoring the previous situation of the beaches in the process of erosion.
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The objective of this Doctoral Thesis was monitoring, in trimestral scale, the coastal morphology of the Northeastern coast sections of Rio Grande do Norte State, in Brazil, which is an area of Potiguar Basin influenced by the oil industry activities. The studied sections compose coastal areas with intense sedimentary erosion and high environmental sensitivity to the oil spill. In order to achieve the general objective of this study, the work has been systematized in four steps. The first one refers to the evaluation of the geomorphological data acquisition methodologies used on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of sandy beaches. The data has been obtained from Soledade beach, located on the Northeastern coast of Rio Grande Norte. The second step has been centered on the increasing of the reference geodetic infrastructure to accomplish the geodetic survey of the studied area by implanting a station in Corta Cachorro Barrier Island and by conducting monitoring geodetic surveys to understand the beach system based on the Coastline (CL) and on DEM multitemporal analysis. The third phase has been related to the usage of the methodology developed by Santos; Amaro (2011) and Santos et al. (2012) for the surveying, processing, representation, integration and analysis of Coastlines from sandy coast, which have been obtained through geodetic techniques of positioning, morphological change analysis and sediment transport. The fourth stage represents the innovation of surveys in coastal environment by using the Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), based on Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), to evaluate a highly eroded section on Soledade beach where the oil industry structures are located. The evaluation has been achieved through high-precision DEM and accuracy during the modeling of the coast morphology changes. The result analysis of the integrated study about the spatial and temporal interrelations of the intense coastal processes in areas of building cycles and destruction of beaches has allowed identifying the causes and consequences of the intense coastal erosion in exposed beach sections and in barrier islands
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Será apresentado o município de Turvo, localizado na região central do Paraná, estado sul do Brasil. Onde há a presença de um complexo físico da Bacia Sedimentar, controlada por feições geológicas e geomorfológicas, cuja união de solos rasos, afloramentos rochosos e declives acentuados com a presença de inúmeras cachoeiras; desiguais usos da terra se estabelecem. Estas feições indicam obstáculos físicos e de potencialidades para atividades econômicas, casos que necessitam de serem estudados na busca de propostas e alternativas de crescimento para a cidade e região. Objetiva-se qualificar e quantificar as potencialidades da geodiversidade existente no município para o desenvolvimento geoturístico local, inserindo-o na rede de turismo paranaense. Combinado à estrutura e a dinâmica ambiental da paisagem, busca-se elementos com valor didático-científico que possam ser empreendidos sob a ótica do turismo, criando assim uma forma alternativa de geração de renda e desenvolvimento para o município e a região com o fim de uma territorialização do turismo. Os métodos e procedimentos utilizados para inventariação, quantificação, classificação, divulgação e monitoramento foram os de acordo com Brilha (2005; 2006).
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A pesquisa acima intitulada objetiva analisar a influência do Geoparque no Geossítio Colina do Horto desde a visão geoturística e ambiental bem como as políticas de conservação para essa área. Localizado no Sul do Estado do Ceará, Brasil, na Região do Complexo Sedimentar do Araripe, os geossítios selecionados contêm rochas, sedimentos e fósseis, correspondentes aos diferentes períodos geológicos. A metodologia adotada se deu com o levantamento in loco, diagnosticando as potencialidades geoturísticas, o espaço, paisagem, além de pesquisas em literatura específica. O geossítio Colina do Horto, objeto da pesquisa, se encontra na Serra do Horto em Juazeiro do Norte/Ceará, onde está situado também o monumento do Pe. Cícero. Este geossítio é de suma importância por ser uma área de interesse cultural, turístico e religioso. Identifica-se uma presença maciça de romeiros para cultuar suas devoções ao Padre, é ocupado por comerciantes, vendedores e os moradores do entorno. É necessária a conservação ambiental, planejamento, arborização e uma melhor ocupação do espaço, pois trata-se de área de visitação e pesquisa.
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A pesquisa objetiva diagnosticar a importância da conservação e preservação ambiental da FLONA ARARIPE, para a região do Cariri Cearense, por apresentar uma biodiversidade e ecossistemas que contribuem para a sustentabilidade hidrológica, ecológica e edáfica do Complexo Sedimentar do Araripe. Primeira floresta criada no Brasil, através do decreto Nº 9.226, de 02 de maio de 1946, localiza-se no topo da Chapada do Araripe – centro da Região Nordeste do Brasil, no extremo sul do estado do Ceará. Com base no diagnóstico da área, através de visitas na área e análise das imagens de satélites, a FLONA vem apresentando mudanças na sua paisagem natural, devido algumas ações de degradação ambiental, desmatamentos, queimadas, extrativismos, especulação imobiliária dentre outros. Sendo gerida pelo Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação para a Biodiversidade, este detém um número mínimo de recursos humanos para acompanhar e fiscalizar 38.262 hectares de área. Nesse sentido, é de suma importância a execução do seu plano de manejo, práticas educativas que garantam a conservação/preservação ambiental desse território.
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No Centro-Sul do estado do Paraná, (segundo planalto paranaense) foram identificados depósitos quaternários em encosta denominada Monjolo. Esta encosta se estende longitudinalmente, por aproximadamente 586,79 m e possui perfil convexo-retilíneo, passando a côncavo-retilíneo da média para a baixa encosta. Neste setor da encosta há incisão (voçoroca) que expôs parte do corpo pedológico e sedimentar. Nas paredes expostas pela erosão foi possível identificar três níveis de paleossolos soterrados por aproximadamente 1,80 m de sedimentos e solo. A partir deste afloramento foi construída seção sistemática para identificar e individualizar paleossolos e unidades pedossedimentares presentes no afloramento. O objetivo do trabalho é caracterizar e identificar os paleossolos para se compreender a evolução geomorfológica quaternária da encosta estudada. Os resultados combinados de granulometria, topografia, descrições macro e mesoscópicas bem como datação por C14 demonstram que o paleossolo tem mais de 44 Ky.
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O aleitamento materno é prática amplamente difundida cujos benefícios vêm sendo estudado ao longo de anos por instituições pertencentes a países em todo o mundo. É tão importante que quando executado pelo período de tempo adequado, de forma exclusiva, não apresenta nenhum alimento que seja tão completo e que apresente tantas vantagens que ultrapassem as questões nutricionais cujas fórmulas infantis atendem de forma bastante satisfatória. Além de alimento, o leite materno apresenta um fator protetor ao recém-nascido e previne doenças crônicas altamente prevalentes em nossa sociedade, além da importância econômica e do desenvolvimento cognitivo comportamental das crianças. O grande incentivo a essa prática por instituições governamentais e não governamentais vêm promovendo um aumento progressivo das taxas de aleitamento materno, porém ainda muito distante do que se espera alcançar. O presente projeto de intervenção visa sedimentar o conhecimento sobre a prática do aleitamento materno entre a equipe de saúde da família e disseminar tal conhecimento junto ao público alvo na tentativa corroborar com o aumento da prática na cidade de Rio Pomba.