999 resultados para inovação educacional
Resumo:
O trabalho discute as dimensões espaciais e socioinstitucionais dos processos de geração e compartilhamento de conhecimentos (especialmente os tácitos), que influem na capacidade inovativa local, com ênfase no papel da territorialidade e do capital social. Indicam-se algumas pistas para o desenvolvimento de parâmetros e instrumentos de pesquisa empírica que permitam incorporar tais dimensões na análise da dinâmica inovativa local. Sugere-se, ao final, uma agenda de pesquisa que permita prosseguir no aprofundamento e elucidação das questões tratadas no trabalho.
Resumo:
Este artigo trata da construção de uma medida que possibilite caracterizar e classificar os sistemas de inovação existentes nos estados brasileiros. A partir de bases de dados e informações já existentes, elabora-se o Índice de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação para os estados das regiões Sudeste e Sul do país. Os resultados obtidos sugerem a existência de pelo menos quatro "estágios" de desenvolvimento dos sistemas estaduais de inovação na região. No "estágio" mais avançado estaria posicionado São Paulo; Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina estariam na posição imediatamente abaixo de São Paulo; Paraná e Minas Gerais ocupariam posições menos confortáveis, enquanto o Espírito Santo corresponderia a um estágio menos avançado.
Resumo:
O uso de fontes de informação internas e externas à empresa para a geração da inovação tecnológica é fator determinante para a competitividade de qualquer economia. O presente trabalho analisa a importância atribuída às fontes de informação internas e externas à empresa para a introdução de inovação tecnológica nas indústrias, a partir da Pesquisa Industrial de Inovação Tecnológica (Pintec - 2000) do IBGE, que investigou as atividades de inovação tecnológica em cerca de 70 mil indústrias brasileiras. As empresas foram instadas a avaliar o uso e importância de diferentes tipos de fontes de informação. Identificou-se na pesquisa o caráter secundário, em geral, das informações provenientes do departamento de pesquisa e desenvolvimento e das universidades e institutos de pesquisa e, em contrapartida, o papel fundamental das informações provenientes do mercado, concorrência e fornecedores. constatou-se também que a importância conferida e a diversidade de fontes consultadas (P&D e universidades, inclusive) dependem do grau de competitividade do setor industrial, tendo desdobramentos importantes do ponto de vista do desempenho em inovação tecnológica.
Resumo:
A inserção em rede é determinante para o compartilhamento da informação e do conhecimento. Isto porque as redes são espaços valorizados para o compartilhamento da informação e para a construção do conhecimento. Neste artigo, são abordadas as relações entre informação, conhecimento, aprendizagem organizacional e inovação, assim como o entorno em que as redes sociais se realizam. Essas relações constituem o foco das ligações que se estabelecem nas redes. A interação entre os atores promove o compartilhamento da informação e do conhecimento, fomentando o desenvolvimento de inovações.
Resumo:
To develop the understanding of innovation processes conceptualized in terms of association through the "sociology of translation" (cf. actor-network theory) studies, this article analyses innovation processes in terms of dissociation and detachment mechanisms, examining innovation through "withdrawal"; that is, innovation based on reducing or withdrawing use of a practice - "subtracting", "detaching" - a given artefact. Specifically, it focuses on the shift to farming techniques that have eliminated ploughing, bringing to light four major mechanisms constitutive of dissociation : centrifugal association ; making entities and associations visible ; making other entities and associations invisible; bringing together or " associating " new entities. The study helps refine our understanding of the detachment processes at work in innovation.
Resumo:
Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica, estado del arte, historia, características, desarrollo, proyectos y líneas de investigación de los recursos educativos abiertos (OERs), así como su disposición en repositorios y su uso en la práctica educativa universitaria. Los OERs han tenido dos fases: una inicial, preocupada por el acceso, y otra más actual, centrada en su incorporación a la práctica educativa.
Resumo:
Some general features about the role of Science and Technology in the modern western civilizations are discussed, emphasizing those related to Chemistry. The discussion is centered on the social regulation of technological and scientific institutions and on the way this regulation takes place in response to social demands. Finally, some new trends are presented about the Brazilian chemistry courses and how the local educational authorities intend to modernize them.
Resumo:
Chemicals binding to membrane receptors may induce events within the cell changing its behavior. Since these events are simultaneous and hard to be understood by students, we developed a computational model to dynamically and visually explore the cAMP signaling system to facilitate its understanding. The animation is shown in parts, from the hormone-receptor binding to the cellular response. There are some questions to be answered after using the model. The software was field-tested and an evaluation questionnaire (concerning usability, animations, models, and the software as an educational tool) was answered by the students, showing the software to be a valuable aid for content comprehension.
Resumo:
Medicines are essential instruments to the preservation, maintenance and promotion of Health. The access to the medicine represents an important factor of social inclusion, depending on the availability of the pharmaceutical - active principle contained in the medicine that in 85% of the cases has a synthetic origin. In this scenario the importance of knowing how to make pharmaceuticals and medicines plays a significant role for the viability of the autonomous Health politics necessary for the demands of the major Nations. In this context, this work describes concisely the main aspects involved in the interdisciplinary drug discovery process, identifying the possible gorges for the successful development of innovative drugs in Brazil.
Resumo:
Comparison of national budgets for R&D is often made but it should consider the relative productivity and their factors. In Brazil, inefficiency factors as well as their causes have been diagnosed since the late 60's and solutions have been proposed within various governmental organisms, from CNPq to the strategy think tanks. Problems that hinder R&D and innovation in Brazil are reviewed from a historical perspective together with the proposed solutions providing a detailed analysis of the difficulties that have to be overcome to achieve a more effective innovation environment, adequate for the present times, challenges and opportunities.
Resumo:
Innovation is the main tool for competitiveness and growth in the chemical sector and the main factors for innovation activities in industry as well as the innovation dynamics are discussed in this paper. Success indicators of innovation in Oxiteno are the following: 54% of the current production derives from RD&E projects, 11% of the gross margin in the internal market is due to new products, the company is a technology licensor, holding 17 patents and keeping a strong participation in the production and service sales in the high technology catalysts area, beyond its core petrochemicals and surfactants area.
Resumo:
The concept of research and the controversy among classical models for C, T & I, outdated by the development of knowledge and Post-modern society needs were revisited through the (3) Quadrants advanced by Donald Stokes in the mid-nineties. The scientific community to fit into these Quadrants was faced with many difficulties and reacted by issuing pseudo-facts, accepted by under-prepared technocrats as viable justifications for conducting research in face of these new paradigms. In a poor country full of contrast and needs such as Brazil, this attitude satisfies the bureaucracy and academic elite, but frustrates government and society, that do not get, in the expected measure, the benefits of their commitment with the Teaching, Research and Extension Sectors mainly embedded in the Public University system. An extension, in fact a contradictory approach, to Pasteur's Quadrant, is proposed to characterize this situation: The Syndrome of Ruetsap's Quadrant.
Resumo:
Given that innovation is fundamental for competitiveness, and that it is intrinsically linked to knowledge, it has become essential to foster effective interaction between the Brazilian productive sector and universities and R&D centers. This interface should be created by means of the model used in developed countries: Observatory of Industrial Activities and Trends in Science, Technology and Innovation. The present work describes its main functions, using examples of activities undertaken by the Chemical Industry Information System of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro related to production systems of primary and high-tech industries, examining the diffusion of knowledge to decision-makers.