Proyectos en empresas: la experiencia de Ingeniería Informática Empresarial

Esta comunicación tiene por objetivo exponer la experiencia a la fecha de la participación de las empresas en el proceso de formación -bajo un enfoque de desarrollo de competencias- de los Ingenieros en Informática Empresarial de la Universidad de Talca (Chile). En primer lugar se presenta la carrera y el contexto en el que se inserta, así como los principios que guiaron la construcción de su plan de estudios, entre los cuales destaca su orientación hacia la innovación y la enseñanza dual, lo que implica la activa participación de las empresas en el proceso de formación. Esto último implica la aplicación de una metodología de enseñanza dominada por el aprendizaje basado en problemas, lo que conlleva necesariamente a una fuerte vinculación con empresas. Posteriormente se presentan los resultados de esta experiencia desde la perspectiva de los alumnos y de las empresas que permiten identificar las fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas detectadas. Partir de allí se desprenden algunas acciones a seguir con miras a superar las debilidades encontradas

Plan de orientación y acogida para un nuevo título de grado acorde al EEES en la Facultad de Informática de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

El alumno percibe una gran diferencia entre la educación secundaria y la educación universitaria al comenzar sus estudios de grado. Los programas de orientación que ayudan a afianzar la integración social y académica de los alumnos de nuevo ingreso contribuyen a evitar el abandono de los estudios iniciados en un centro universitario. La Facultad de Informática de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (FI-UPM) cuenta con cuatro años de experiencia en la implantación de un programa de mentoría para la orientación y acogida de alumnos de nuevo ingreso, contribuyendo, junto a otras medidas, a una disminución notable de la tasa de abandono. Este bagaje ha permitido la definición de un Plan de Orientación y Acogida para el nuevo título acorde con el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), que incluye tres acciones de carácter complementario. En primer lugar, el Proyecto de Inicio para Alumnos de Nuevo Ingreso, el cual combina los aspectos de orientación y acogida con la realización de un proyecto en equipo en los primeros cuatro días del curso que permite la evaluación de las competencias de trabajo en equipo y presentación oral. En segundo lugar, el Plan de Acción Tutorial tiene como objetivo orientar al alumno a lo largo de toda la carrera universitaria, en especial en lo referente a la matriculación, para aumentar la eficiencia del alumno en los créditos superados frente a los matriculados. Como tercera acción, el Proyecto Mentor se complementa con las dos anteriores al proporcionar una orientación entre iguales, la cual tiene que acomodarse a las nuevas condiciones en las que se desarrollan los planes de estudio acordes al EEES

Electrical Students at Work

A class full of students learning electric are shown in an electrical classroom at the New York Trade School. In the upper left-hand corner of the room a sign reminding the students to think about safety can be seen. It reads, "Beware of Live Wires: Students are warned not to make, or disconnect hookups, without first opening the switch that controls the flow of current. Observe Safety First at All Times." Black and white photograph.

Nota fiscal eletrônica reduz custos para o contribuinte?

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar se a adoção de documentos eletrônicos, uma realidade cuja obrigatoriedade é crescente no Brasil, é acompanhada por uma redução nos custos de conformidade das empresas. O autor buscou o referencial teórico em várias áreas do conhecimento: no Direito Tributário e no Direito Civil, na Matemática Aplicada, na Tecnologia da Informação e, por fim, na Contabilidade. Do Direito Civil vieram os conceitos de documento, que juntamente com conceitos de Matemática e de Teoria da Informação permitem construir a noção de Documento Eletrônico. Do Direito Tributário vieram as noções relativas aos tributos no ordenamento brasileiro, e as suas obrigações associadas (principal e acessórias). Da Contabilidade buscaram-se as definições de custos de conformidade e de transação, de forma que se pudesse avaliar quanto custa para uma empresa ser conforme com as obrigações tributárias acessórias brasileiras, especialmente no que tange ao uso de documentos fiscais eletrônicos. O estudo foi circunscrito na Nota Fiscal Eletrônica, que no Brasil deve ser utilizada em operações de circulação de mercadorias em substituição à Nota Fiscal Modelo 1 ou 1-A, documento tradicional que existe há décadas no Brasil. Buscaram-se informações quantitativas com empresas brasileiras, e a conclusão final é que existem evidências que justificam a afirmação de que o uso de documentos eletrônicos é mais barato que o uso de documentos em papel, mediante a comparação entre os custos de transação associados com a Nota Fiscal Modelo 1 ou 1-A e com a Nota Fiscal Eletrônica.

Os impactos tecnológicos da implantação da nota fiscal eletrônica: um estudo de casos múltiplos

Increasingly, the Information Technology is used in the society, including the private, public and third sector organizational context. Technological tools are created in order to speed, automate, control and monitor processes. These technologies generate impacts on areas that permeate their use and the objective of this study is to investigate the implementation process of the Eletronic Invoice and the impacts arising from this technological tool in companies. For that, case studies have been conducted in three companies that emit and receive Eletronic Invoice, in a Information System consultancy, that provides softwares of Eletronic Invoice, and in a State Tax Department. Data collection was performed with organizations representatives through electronic questionnaires. The study concludes that it is expected, by the investigated organizations, that the tool reaches the benefits offered by the Tax Administration. However, these benefits have not been identified yet and neither have the use of methodologies in order to identify them. Moreover, the main impact found was the need for better training and participant´s technical qualification, followed by reducing printing costs and paper purchase

Mudança dos processos de negócios e adequação da TI nas empresas em decorrência da implantação do sistema público de escrituração digital SPED: um estudo de casos múltiplos

Companies have always been organized by processes, often imperceptible to its employees. With the advancement of technology, organizational processes currently run an organization through computers, and thus generate immediate information that is available to each sector. With the objective of seeking business information in real time, the government created the SPED - Public System of Digital, which involves three subsystems, which are the Electronic Invoice, Digital Accounting Bookkeeping and Digital Tax Bookkeeping. This system is revolutionizing the business structures when gathering, in an innovative way, all information and interlinked business processes. For the implementation of SPED, a revision in the organizational processes is required, since the information is generated and is sent online to the government, without mistakes. Thus the study aimed to analyze the change brought about by the implementation of the Public System of Digital SPED in the main business processes. In order to do so, we have performed a multiple case study involving three companies in the state of Para, two operate in wholesale and one explores agribusiness. The Data collection was performed by accounting professionals, IT and managers. According to the results obtained, it was found that in two companies, the IT infrastructure was capable of deploying the new system without major problems, while one company had more difficulties to cope with the new system. However, all companies had to examine its processes to make the customizations needed to fit. It was also observed that there is no IT Governance in two companies. Therefore, we recommend the use of an appropriate model, not only for the implementation of SPED, but as a way to manage and extract better results from investment in information technology

Data Accuracy in Medical Record Abstraction

Clinical Research Data Quality Literature Review and Pooled Analysis We present a literature review and secondary analysis of data accuracy in clinical research and related secondary data uses. A total of 93 papers meeting our inclusion criteria were categorized according to the data processing methods. Quantitative data accuracy information was abstracted from the articles and pooled. Our analysis demonstrates that the accuracy associated with data processing methods varies widely, with error rates ranging from 2 errors per 10,000 files to 5019 errors per 10,000 fields. Medical record abstraction was associated with the highest error rates (70–5019 errors per 10,000 fields). Data entered and processed at healthcare facilities had comparable error rates to data processed at central data processing centers. Error rates for data processed with single entry in the presence of on-screen checks were comparable to double entered data. While data processing and cleaning methods may explain a significant amount of the variability in data accuracy, additional factors not resolvable here likely exist. Defining Data Quality for Clinical Research: A Concept Analysis Despite notable previous attempts by experts to define data quality, the concept remains ambiguous and subject to the vagaries of natural language. This current lack of clarity continues to hamper research related to data quality issues. We present a formal concept analysis of data quality, which builds on and synthesizes previously published work. We further posit that discipline-level specificity may be required to achieve the desired definitional clarity. To this end, we combine work from the clinical research domain with findings from the general data quality literature to produce a discipline-specific definition and operationalization for data quality in clinical research. While the results are helpful to clinical research, the methodology of concept analysis may be useful in other fields to clarify data quality attributes and to achieve operational definitions. Medical Record Abstractor’s Perceptions of Factors Impacting the Accuracy of Abstracted Data Medical record abstraction (MRA) is known to be a significant source of data errors in secondary data uses. Factors impacting the accuracy of abstracted data are not reported consistently in the literature. Two Delphi processes were conducted with experienced medical record abstractors to assess abstractor’s perceptions about the factors. The Delphi process identified 9 factors that were not found in the literature, and differed with the literature by 5 factors in the top 25%. The Delphi results refuted seven factors reported in the literature as impacting the quality of abstracted data. The results provide insight into and indicate content validity of a significant number of the factors reported in the literature. Further, the results indicate general consistency between the perceptions of clinical research medical record abstractors and registry and quality improvement abstractors. Distributed Cognition Artifacts on Clinical Research Data Collection Forms Medical record abstraction, a primary mode of data collection in secondary data use, is associated with high error rates. Distributed cognition in medical record abstraction has not been studied as a possible explanation for abstraction errors. We employed the theory of distributed representation and representational analysis to systematically evaluate cognitive demands in medical record abstraction and the extent of external cognitive support employed in a sample of clinical research data collection forms. We show that the cognitive load required for abstraction in 61% of the sampled data elements was high, exceedingly so in 9%. Further, the data collection forms did not support external cognition for the most complex data elements. High working memory demands are a possible explanation for the association of data errors with data elements requiring abstractor interpretation, comparison, mapping or calculation. The representational analysis used here can be used to identify data elements with high cognitive demands.

Contractor requirements for the control and security of TSCA confidential business information : security manual.

Mode of access: Internet.

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An analytical model to predict ship transit capacities of sea-level canals /

See errata at end of item for cover, foreward, pages 26 and 29, and Form 1473.

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Array storage allocation /

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Interactive test construction and administration in the Generative Exam System /

Bibliography: p. 80-83.