Las fronteras políticas: “socialismo del siglo XXI” y capitalismo en la profundización del proceso venezolano (Hugo Chávez, 2004-2008). En: LaRivada, V. 1, n° 1

La imposición del socialismo como objeto de debate y orientador de la acción política en Venezuela ha tenido en la discursividad de Chávez un impulso fundamental. En este trabajo, consideramos las estrategias de reformulación intradiscursiva que despliegan cadenas anafóricas a partir de un sintagma –integrado, en general, por “socialismo” u otros lexemas emparentados3- que ocupa el lugar de antecedente. Por otra parte, abordamos la expansión emotiva y el juego axiológico que genera la oposición socialismo / capitalismo. Para introducir ambos tramos nos referimos a la dimensión polémica vinculada con “la radicalización del proceso” y, previamente, justificamos el recorte de los materiales.

El teatro misional jesuítico en el Brasil: posibles lecturas y aportes. En: Estudios Regionales, v. 1, n° 1

La conquista que de América hicieron los países de Europa, representa, en primer término la expresión de la soberbia de creer que el mayor desarrollo tecnológico justificaba el dominio, la expollación económica o la sublimación de la voluntad de los vencidos a través de la conquista espiritual. Son muchos los documentos que dan testimonio de la utilización de representaciones dramáticas en la evangelización. Es este Teatro de carácter didáctico el que ha motivado nuestro interés. Los jesuitas lo utilizaron en las "Misiones de Indios guaranies" y también entre los Tupíes y con la misma finalidad lo usó el Padre Anchieta, en el Brasil.En ambos casos el evangelizador operó con una realidad similar: los fundamentos míticos de la cultura tupí-guaraní.

Conocimiento sobre alcoholismo y tabaquismo de los alumnos del tercer ciclo de la Educación General Básica (EGB3) de la escuela nº 1055 Corrientes y Josefa Capdevila nº 4-005, departamento de General San Martín

Se eligió a los alumnos de 12-13-14 años (EGB3: que son los alumnos de séptimo, octavo, noveno) porque es en la etapa de la adolescencia en la que se necesitan reforzar los conocimientos y la escuela es uno de los agentes de sociabilización y donde continúa el proceso educativo de la familia. La adolescencia es una de las etapas del ser humano más vulnerable y de grandes cambios mentales y físicos, donde el tabaco y el alcohol ha encontrado su huésped. Según datos obtenido de la Segunda Encuesta Nacional realizada en los años 2007 al 2008 de estadísticas de enseñanza media, de Mendoza las edades donde más consumo hay son 13, 15,17 existiendo una prevalencia, alarmante de 40 veces más del tabaco y 20 veces más para el alcohol en un mes, que 10 veces en un año de sustancias psicoactivas. En el departamento de San Martín también se está padeciendo esta problemática, que se vive a nivel mundial. Se observa que las familias están sufriendo un gran deterioro en su estructura y función y es por ello que se aparece esta gran predisposición al alcoholismo y tabaquismo en los adolescentes. El objetivo general de este trabajo es identificar qué conocimientos poseen sobre alcohol y tabaquismo los alumnos del tercer ciclo de la Educación General Básica (EGB -3), de las escuelas, Josefa Capdevila y Corrientes de San Martín Mendoza. Los objetivos específicos perseguidos fueron: 1-Lograr que los alumnos reconozcan las consecuencias directas e indirectas que tienen dichas sustancias en el organismo y que puedan generar enfermedades irreversibles. 2-Determinar si los alumnos conocen los riesgos a futuro que pueden causarles a su salud el tabaco y alcohol. 3- Reconocer el origen de la información que poseen (familia; vía publica, otra entidad educativa)

(Table 1) GRACE-derived mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet 2002-2010

We re-evaluate the Greenland mass balance for the recent period using low-pass Independent Component Analysis (ICA) post-processing of the Level-2 GRACE data (2002-2010) from different official providers (UTCSR, JPL, GFZ) and confirm the present important ice mass loss in the range of -70 and -90 Gt/y of this ice sheet, due to negative contributions of the glaciers on the east coast. We highlight the high interannual variability of mass variations of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), especially the recent deceleration of ice loss in 2009-2010, once seasonal cycles are robustly removed by Seasonal Trend Loess (STL) decomposition. Interannual variability leads to varying trend estimates depending on the considered time span. Correction of post-glacial rebound effects on ice mass trend estimates represents no more than 8 Gt/y over the whole ice sheet. We also investigate possible climatic causes that can explain these ice mass interannual variations, as strong correlations between GRACE-based mass balance and atmosphere/ocean parallels are established: (1) changes in snow accumulation, and (2) the influence of inputs of warm ocean water that periodically accelerate the calving of glaciers in coastal regions and, feed-back effects of coastal water cooling by fresh currents from glaciers melting. These results suggest that the Greenland mass balance is driven by coastal sea surface temperature at time scales shorter than accumulation.

(Table 1) Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility parameters of ODP Hole 134-833B

Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 832 and 833 were drilled in the intra-arc North Aoba Basin of the New Hebrides Island Arc (Vanuatu). High volcanic influxes in the intra-arc basin sediment resulting from erosion of volcanic rocks from nearby islands and from volcanic activity are associated with characteristic magnetic signals. The high magnetic susceptibility in the sediment (varying on average from 0.005 to more than 0.03 SI) is one of the most characteristic physical properties of this sedimentary depositional environment because of the high concentration of magnetites in redeposited ash flows and in coarse-grained turbidites. Susceptibility data correlate well with the high resolution electrical resistivity logs recorded by the formation microscanner (FMS) tool. Unlike the standard geophysical logs, which have low vertical resolution and therefore smooth the record of the sedimentary process, the FMS and whole-core susceptibility data provide a clearer picture of turbiditic sediment deposition. Measurements of Curie temperatures and low-temperature susceptibility behavior indicate that the principal magnetic minerals in ash beds, silt, and volcanic sandstone are Ti-poor titanomagnetite, whereas Ti-rich titanomagnetites are found in the intrusive sills at the bottom of Site 833. Apart from an increase in the concentration of magnetite in the sandstone layer, acquisition of isothermal and anhysteretic remanences does not show significant differences between sandstone and clayey silts. The determination of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) in more than 400 samples show that clayey siltstone have a magnetic anisotropy up to 15%, whereas the AMS is much reduced in sandstone layers. The magnetic susceptibility fabric is dominated by the foliation plane, which is coplanar to the bedding plane. Reorientations of the samples using characteristic remanent magnetizations indicate that the bedding planes dip about 10° toward the east, in agreement with results from FMS images. Basaltic sills drilled at Site 833 have high magnetic susceptibilities (0.05 to 0.1 SI) and strong remanent magnetizations. Magnetic field anomalies up to 50 µT were measured in the sills by the general purpose inclinometer tool (GPIT). The direction of the in-situ magnetic anomaly vectors, calculated from the GPIT, is oriented toward the southeast with shallow inclinations which suggests that the sill intruded during a reversed polarity period.

Zooplankton abundance and size structure in the North Atlantic from MSM26_132-1

Data on zooplankton abundance and biovolume were collected in concert with data on the biophysical environment at 9 stations in the North Atlantic, from the Iceland Basin in the East to the Labrador Sea in the West. The data were sampled along vertical profiles by a Laser Optical Plankton Counter (LOPC, Rolls Royce Canada Ltd.) that was mounted on a carousel water sampler together with a Conductivity-Temperature-Depth sensor (CTD, SBE19plusV2, Seabird Electronics, Inc., USA) and a fluorescence sensor (F, ECO Puck chlorophyll a fluorometer, WET Labs Inc., USA). Based on the LOPC data, abundance (individuals/m**3) and biovolume (mm3/m**3) were calculated as described in the LOPC Software Operation Manual [(Anonymous, 2006), http://www.brooke-ocean.com/index.html]. LOPC data were regrouped into 49 size groups of equal log10(body volume) increments, see Edvardsen et al. (2002, doi:10.3354/meps227205). LOPC data quality was checked as described in Basedow et al. (2013, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2012.10.005). Fluorescence was roughly converted into chlorophyll based on filtered chlorophyll values obtained from station 10 in the Labrador Sea. Due to the low number of filtered samples that was used for the conversion the resulting chlorophyll values should be considered with care. CTD data were screened for erroneous (out of range) values and then averaged to the same frequency as the LOPC data (2 Hz). All data were processed using especially developed scripts in the python programming language. The LOPC is an optical instrument designed to count and measure particles (0.1 to 30 mm equivalent spherical diameter) in the water column, see Herman et al., (2004, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh095). The size of particles as equivalent spherical diameter (ESD) was computed as described in the manual (Anonymous, 2006), and in more detail in Checkley et al. (2008, doi:10.4319/lo.2008.53.5_part_2.2123) and Gaardsted et al. (2010, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2419.2010.00558.x).

(Table 1) Concentration of pollutants in hair of East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

Hair sampled from 96 East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) over the periods 1892-1927 and 1988-2009 was analyzed for cortisol as a proxy to investigate temporal patterns of environmental stress. Cortisol concentration was independent of sex and age, and was found at significantly higher (p<0.001) concentrations in historical hair samples (1892-1927; n = 8) relative to recent ones (1988-2009; n = 88). In addition, there was a linear time trend in cortisol concentration of the recent samples (p< 0.01), with an annual decrease of 2.7%. The recent hair samples were also analyzed for major bioaccumulative, persistent organic pollutants (POPs). There were no obvious POP related time trends or correlations between hair cortisol and hair POP concentrations. Thus, polar bear hair appears to be a relatively poor indicator of the animal's general POP load in adipose tissue. However, further investigations are warranted to explore the reasons for the temporal decrease found in the bears' hair cortisol levels.

(Table 1) Lake elevation change derived from 4 or more years of measurements

In this study, ICESat altimetry data are used to provide precise lake elevations of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the period of 2003-2009. Among the 261 lakes examined ICESat data are available on 111 lakes: 74 lakes with ICESat footprints for 4-7 years and 37 lakes with footprints for 1 -3 years. This is the first time that precise lake elevation data are provided for the 111 lakes. Those ICESat elevation data can be used as baselines for future changes in lake levels as well as for changes during the 2003-2009 period. It is found that in the 74 lakes (56 salt lakes) examined, 62 (i.e. 84%) of all lakes and 50 (i.e. 89%) of the salt lakes show tendency of lake level increase. The mean lake water level increase rate is 0.23 m/year for the 56 salt lakes and 0.27 m/year for the 50 salt lakes of water level increase. The largest lake level increase rate (0.80 m/year) found in this study is the lake Cedo Caka. The 74 lakes are grouped into four subareas based on geographical locations and change tendencies in lake levels. Three of the four subareas show increased lake levels. The mean lake level change rates for subareas I, II, III, IV, and the entire TP are 0.12, 0.26, 0.19, -0.11, and 0.2 m/year, respectively. These recent increases in lake level, particularly for a high percentage of salt lakes, supports accelerated glacier melting due to global warming as the most likely cause.