970 resultados para causal modelin
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Planning and providing health care services for the elderly represents a major challenge to the health care system. One part of that challenge is the identification of those factors which determine the utilization of services by this population. The purpose of this study is to explain the use of health care services by elderly subscribers in a prepaid group health plan, using the theoretical framework developed by Andersen and Aday. The impact of the predisposing, enabling and need factors on utilization was modelled through a structural equation approach using LISREL. The data were derived from Kaiser-Permanente's Medicare Prospective Payment Project, August 1980-December 1982. Need factors, in general, were the most significant determinants of utilization, with the predisposing and enabling factors found to be secondary but necessary links in the causal chain. The model was fitted to the data from the youngest age group (65-74 years) and then evaluated for goodness of fit in the two older groups (75-84 and 85+ years). Implications of the study's findings and suggestions for further modelling the utilization behavior of the elderly are discussed. ^
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This thesis project is motivated by the potential problem of using observational data to draw inferences about a causal relationship in observational epidemiology research when controlled randomization is not applicable. Instrumental variable (IV) method is one of the statistical tools to overcome this problem. Mendelian randomization study uses genetic variants as IVs in genetic association study. In this thesis, the IV method, as well as standard logistic and linear regression models, is used to investigate the causal association between risk of pancreatic cancer and the circulating levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE). Higher levels of serum sRAGE were found to be associated with a lower risk of pancreatic cancer in a previous observational study (255 cases and 485 controls). However, such a novel association may be biased by unknown confounding factors. In a case-control study, we aimed to use the IV approach to confirm or refute this observation in a subset of study subjects for whom the genotyping data were available (178 cases and 177 controls). Two-stage IV method using generalized method of moments-structural mean models (GMM-SMM) was conducted and the relative risk (RR) was calculated. In the first stage analysis, we found that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2070600 of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (AGER) gene meets all three general assumptions for a genetic IV in examining the causal association between sRAGE and risk of pancreatic cancer. The variant allele of SNP rs2070600 of the AGER gene was associated with lower levels of sRAGE, and it was neither associated with risk of pancreatic cancer, nor with the confounding factors. It was a potential strong IV (F statistic = 29.2). However, in the second stage analysis, the GMM-SMM model failed to converge due to non- concaveness probably because of the small sample size. Therefore, the IV analysis could not support the causality of the association between serum sRAGE levels and risk of pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, these analyses suggest that rs2070600 was a potentially good genetic IV for testing the causality between the risk of pancreatic cancer and sRAGE levels. A larger sample size is required to conduct a credible IV analysis.^
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FLASOG
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Secretaría Técnica y Asistente: Silvina Ramos con la colaboración de Agustina Ramón Michel
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Presentación en el Seminario Acceso al aborto para mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia sexual. Guatemala, el 28 y 29 de octubre de 2014.
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Presentación en el Seminario Acceso al aborto para mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia sexual. Guatemala, el 28 y 29 de octubre de 2014.
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Presentación en el Seminario Acceso al aborto para mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia sexual. Guatemala, el 28 y 29 de octubre de 2014.
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Presentación en el Seminario Acceso al aborto para mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia sexual. Guatemala, el 28 y 29 de octubre de 2014.
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Presentación en el Seminario Acceso al aborto para mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia sexual. Guatemala, el 28 y 29 de octubre de 2014.
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Presentación en la 3ra Conferencia Subregional Andina. Lima, Perú, 5 de Noviembre de 2015
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Este informe presenta las actividades realizadas en el marco del proyecto “Aplicación de la causal violación en los casos de violencia intrafamiliar”, que ha llevado adelante la organización ELA – Equipo Latinoamericano de Justicia y Género en el marco de la Convocatoria de CLACAI para el desarrollo e implementación local de acciones para incrementar el acceso al aborto seguro a través de las causales de aborto legal. El objetivo general de la investigación fue mejorar el conocimiento de las situaciones de violencia sexual en el marco de la violencia en las relaciones intrafamiliares, en particular de parejas y exparejas, promoviendo la articulación de los servicios de salud que trabajan la problemática de violencia de género con los otros servicios que podrán brindar servicios de aborto legal
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El presente trabajo se propone realizar un primer acercamiento al uso de los conectores causales como y porque en De la anarquía de Alberdi en relación al sistema Tema-Rema propuesto por la Lingüística Sistémico-Funcional. Si la lengua es un sistema de opciones, y la gramática ofrece dos opciones distintas para expresar la causa, es porque funcionalmente son diferentes. En nuestro corpus, cada uno de estos conectores organiza la información de manera distinta, puesto que como introduce causas en posición temática mientras porque tiende a introducir causas en posición remática. La elección de una u otra forma se encuentra en estrecha relación con las variables de campo, tenor y modo y con la información que se ofrece en cada momento del texto.
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Fil: Naishtat, Francisco Samuel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.