Traffic flow breakdown prediction using feature reduction through Rough-Neuro fuzzy Networks

The prediction of the traffic behavior could help to make decision about the routing process, as well as enables gains on effectiveness and productivity on the physical distribution. This need motivated the search for technological improvements in the Routing performance in metropolitan areas. The purpose of this paper is to present computational evidences that Artificial Neural Network ANN could be use to predict the traffic behavior in a metropolitan area such So Paulo (around 16 million inhabitants). The proposed methodology involves the application of Rough-Fuzzy Sets to define inference morphology for insertion of the behavior of Dynamic Routing into a structured rule basis, without human expert aid. The dynamics of the traffic parameters are described through membership functions. Rough Sets Theory identifies the attributes that are important, and suggest Fuzzy relations to be inserted on a Rough Neuro Fuzzy Network (RNFN) type Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and type Radial Basis Function (RBF), in order to get an optimal surface response. To measure the performance of the proposed RNFN, the responses of the unreduced rule basis are compared with the reduced rule one. The results show that by making use of the Feature Reduction through RNFN, it is possible to reduce the need for human expert in the construction of the Fuzzy inference mechanism in such flow process like traffic breakdown. © 2011 IEEE.

Development and application of an electronic tongue for detection and monitoring of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium levels in waters

This work presents the first study and development of an electronic tongue analysis system for the monitoring of nitrogen stable species: nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in water. The electronic tongue was composed of an array of 15 potentiometric poly(vinyl chloride) membrane sensors sensitive to cations and anions plus an artificial neural network (ANN) response model. The building of the ANN model was performed in a medium containing sodium, potassium, and chloride as interfering ions, thus simulating real environmental samples. The correlation coefficient in the cross-validation of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium was satisfactory in the three cases with values higher than 0.92. Finally, the utility of the proposed system is shown in the monitoring of the photoelectrocatalytic treatment of nitrate. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Projeto de controladores suplementares de amortecimento utilizando redes neurais artificiais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sistema de controle de escoamento de gás natural em dutos de distribuição com detecção de vazamentos utilizando redes neurais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Localização de falhas em linhas de transmissão utilizando decomposição harmônica e redes neurais artificiais

Este trabalho propõe a utilização de uma nova metodologia para a localização de falhas em linhas de transmissão (LT). Esta metodologia consiste na utilização da decomposição harmônica da corrente de fuga de uma linha e na aplicação de uma Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) capaz de distinguir padrões da condição normal de funcionamento e padrões de situações de falhas de uma LT. Foi utilizado um modelo Pi capaz de absorver dados reais de tensão e corrente de três fases e de alterar valores de R, L e C segundo modificações ambientais. Neste modelo foram geradas falhas em todas as torres com diferentes valores de capacitância. A saída fornecida pelo modelo é a decomposição da corrente de fuga do trecho considerado. Os dados de entrada e saída do modelo foram utilizados no treinamento da RNA desenvolvida. A aquisição de dados reais de tensão e corrente foi feita através de analisadores de parâmetros de qualidade de energia elétrica instalados nas extremidades de um trecho de LT, Guamá-Utinga, pertencente à Centrais Elétricas do Norte do Brasil ELETRONORTE. O cálculo dos parâmetros construtivos foi feito através do método matricial e melhorado através da utilização do Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF). A RNA foi desenvolvida com o auxílio do software Matlab. Para treinamento da RNA foi utilizado o algoritmo de Retropropagação Resiliente que apresentou um bom desempenho. A RNA foi treinada com dois conjuntos de dados de treinamento para analisar possíveis diferenças entre as saídas fornecidas pelos dois grupos. Nos dois casos apresentou resultados satisfatórios, possibilitando a localização de falhas no trecho considerado.

Aplicação de redes neurais artificiais na classificação de padrões filogeográficos com base na variabilidade genômica do DNA mitocondrial

Historicamente, o processo de formação das populações da Amazônia, assim como de todo território brasileiro, envolveu três grupos étnicos principais: o ameríndio, o europeu e o africano. Como conseqüência, estas populações possuem em geral constituição miscigenada do ponto de vista social e biológico. Desde o final do século passado, estudos do DNA mitocondrial (mtDNA) tem sido desenvolvidos com o propósito de estimar a mistura interétnica presente nestas populações. Para isto, é de fundamental importância a classificação de uma determinada linhagem de mtDNA em um dos mais de 250 haplogrupos/subclados propostos na literatura. Com o objetivo de desenvolver um sistema automatizado, preciso e acurado de classificação de seqüências (linhagens) de mtDNA, o presente trabalhou lançou mão da técnica de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA’s) tendo como base os estudos de filogeografia. Para esta classificação, foram desenvolvidas quatro redes neurais artificiais diretas, com múltiplas camadas e algoritmo de aprendizagem de retropropagação. As entradas de cada rede equivalem às posições nucleotídicas polimórficas da região hipervariável do DNA mitocondrial, as quais retornam como saída a classificação específica de cada linhagem. Posterior ao treinamento, todas as redes apresentaram índices de acerto de 100%, demonstrando que a técnica de Rede Neural Artificial pode ser utilizada, com êxito, na classificação de padrões filogeográficos com base no DNA mitocondrial.

Uso de redes neurais com adaptação de pesos por modos deslizantes para controle de sistemas e aplicações em máquinas elétricas

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

The effect of power-ultrasound on the pretreatment of acidified aqueous solutions of banana flower-stalk: Structural, chemical and statistical analysis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Utilização de redes neurais artificiais aplicadas na discriminação de padrões de doenças florestais

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Utilização dos parâmetros físico-químicos e redes neurais artificiais na identificação dos méis de abelhas (Apis mellifera L.) produzidos no verão e inverno na microrregião de Campos de Jordão, São Paulo

The objective of this work was to typify, through physicochemical parameters, honey from Campos do Jordão’s microrregion, and verify how samples are grouped in accordance with the climatic production seasonality (summer and winter). It were assessed 30 samples of honey from beekeepers located in the cities of Monteiro Lobato, Campos do Jordão, Santo Antonio do Pinhal e São Bento do Sapucaí-SP, regarding both periods of honey production (November to February; July to September, during 2007 and 2008; n = 30). Samples were submitted to physicochemical analysis of total acidity, pH, humidity, water activity, density, aminoacids, ashes, color and electrical conductivity, identifying physicochemical standards of honey samples from both periods of production. Next, we carried out a cluster analysis of data using k-means algorithm, which grouped the samples into two classes (summer and winter). Thus, there was a supervised training of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) using backpropagation algorithm. According to the analysis, the knowledge gained through the ANN classified the samples with 80% accuracy. It was observed that the ANNs have proved an effective tool to group samples of honey of the region of Campos do Jordao according to their physicochemical characteristics, depending on the different production periods.

Modelagem da irradiação direta na incidência normal em Botucatu: aprendizado de máquina, estatístico e linke

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY CO-ADD: A GALAXY PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT CATALOG

We present and describe a catalog of galaxy photometric redshifts (photo-z) for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Co-add Data. We use the artificial neural network (ANN) technique to calculate the photo-z and the nearest neighbor error method to estimate photo-z errors for similar to 13 million objects classified as galaxies in the co-add with r < 24.5. The photo-z and photo-z error estimators are trained and validated on a sample of similar to 83,000 galaxies that have SDSS photometry and spectroscopic redshifts measured by the SDSS Data Release 7 (DR7), the Canadian Network for Observational Cosmology Field Galaxy Survey, the Deep Extragalactic Evolutionary Probe Data Release 3, the VIsible imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph-Very Large Telescope Deep Survey, and the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey. For the best ANN methods we have tried, we find that 68% of the galaxies in the validation set have a photo-z error smaller than sigma(68) = 0.031. After presenting our results and quality tests, we provide a short guide for users accessing the public data.

Machine learning methods for prediction of disulphide bonding states of cysteine residues in proteins

The goal of this thesis work is to develop a computational method based on machine learning techniques for predicting disulfide-bonding states of cysteine residues in proteins, which is a sub-problem of a bigger and yet unsolved problem of protein structure prediction. Improvement in the prediction of disulfide bonding states of cysteine residues will help in putting a constraint in the three dimensional (3D) space of the respective protein structure, and thus will eventually help in the prediction of 3D structure of proteins. Results of this work will have direct implications in site-directed mutational studies of proteins, proteins engineering and the problem of protein folding. We have used a combination of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM), the so-called Hidden Neural Network (HNN) as a machine learning technique to develop our prediction method. By using different global and local features of proteins (specifically profiles, parity of cysteine residues, average cysteine conservation, correlated mutation, sub-cellular localization, and signal peptide) as inputs and considering Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes separately we have reached to a remarkable accuracy of 94% on cysteine basis for both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic datasets, and an accuracy of 90% and 93% on protein basis for Eukaryotic dataset and Prokaryotic dataset respectively. These accuracies are best so far ever reached by any existing prediction methods, and thus our prediction method has outperformed all the previously developed approaches and therefore is more reliable. Most interesting part of this thesis work is the differences in the prediction performances of Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes at the basic level of input coding when ‘profile’ information was given as input to our prediction method. And one of the reasons for this we discover is the difference in the amino acid composition of the local environment of bonded and free cysteine residues in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes. Eukaryotic bonded cysteine examples have a ‘symmetric-cysteine-rich’ environment, where as Prokaryotic bonded examples lack it.

A New Prediction Model for Slope Stability Analysis

The instability of river bank can result in considerable human and land losses. The Po river is the most important in Italy, characterized by main banks of significant and constantly increasing height. This study presents multilayer perceptron of artificial neural network (ANN) to construct prediction models for the stability analysis of river banks along the Po River, under various river and groundwater boundary conditions. For this aim, a number of networks of threshold logic unit are tested using different combinations of the input parameters. Factor of safety (FS), as an index of slope stability, is formulated in terms of several influencing geometrical and geotechnical parameters. In order to obtain a comprehensive geotechnical database, several cone penetration tests from the study site have been interpreted. The proposed models are developed upon stability analyses using finite element code over different representative sections of river embankments. For the validity verification, the ANN models are employed to predict the FS values of a part of the database beyond the calibration data domain. The results indicate that the proposed ANN models are effective tools for evaluating the slope stability. The ANN models notably outperform the derived multiple linear regression models.

Investigation on the evolution of an indoor robotic localization system based on wireless networks

This work addresses the evolution of an artificial neural network (ANN) to assist in the problem of indoor robotic localization. We investigate the design and building of an autonomous localization system based on information gathered from wireless networks (WN). The article focuses on the evolved ANN, which provides the position of a robot in a space, as in a Cartesian coordinate system, corroborating with the evolutionary robotic research area and showing its practical viability. The proposed system was tested in several experiments, evaluating not only the impact of different evolutionary computation parameters but also the role of the transfer functions on the evolution of the ANN. Results show that slight variations in the parameters lead to significant differences on the evolution process and, therefore, in the accuracy of the robot position.