Determinants of Farm Labour Use: A Comparison between Ireland and Italy. Factor Markets Working Documents No. 60, August 2013

This paper examines the effect of the decoupling of farm direct payments upon the off-farm labour supply decisions of farmers in both Ireland and Italy, using panel data from the Farm Business Survey (REA) and FADN database covering the period from 2002 to 2009 to model these decisions. Drawing from the conceptual agricultural household model, the authors hypothesise that the decoupling of direct payments led to an increase in off-farm labour activity despite some competing factors. This hypothesis rests largely upon the argument that the effects of changes in relative wages have dominated other factors. At a micro level, the decoupling-induced decline in the farm wage relative to the non-farm wage ought to have provoked a greater incentive for off-farm labour supply. The main known competing argument is that decoupling introduced a new source of non-labour income i.e. a wealth effect. This may in turn have suppressed or eliminated the likelihood of increased off-farm labour supply for some farmers. For the purposes of comparative analysis, the Italian model utilises the data from the REA database instead of the FADN as the latter has a less than satisfactory coverage of labour issues. Both models are developed at a national level. The paper draws from the literature on female labour supply and uses a sample selection corrected ordinary least squares model to examine both the decisions of off-farm work participation and the decisions regarding the amount of time spent working off-farm. The preliminary results indicate that decoupling has not had a significant impact on off-farm labour supply in the case of Ireland but there appears to be a significantly negative relationship in the Italian case. It still remains the case in both countries that the wealth of the farmer is negatively correlated with the likelihood of off-farm employment.

The Impact of CAP Reforms on Farm Labour Structure. Factor Markets Working Document No. 63, August 2013

The labour force engaged in the agricultural sector is declining over time, and one can observe the reallocation of labour from family members to hired workers. Using farm-level data, this paper analyses the on-farm labour structure in Greece and assesses the factors driving its evolution over the period 1990-2008. The impact of agricultural policies and farm characteristics is examined in a dynamic panel analysis. Family and hired labour are found to be substitutes rather than complements, while agricultural support measures appear to negatively affect demand for both family and hired labour. Decoupled payments and subsidies on crops are found to have a significant impact on both sources of labour, as well as subsidies for rural development that do not favour on-farm labour use. The paper also finds that structural labour adjustments are the result of farm characteristics, such as farm size and location. The results are robust to various estimation techniques and specifications.

EU labour migration policy by other means? The potential impact of EU economic governance reforms on labour migration policymaking. EPC Policy Brief, 13 February 2015

Over the last 15 years, Member States have been quite reluctant to address labour migration issues at EU level. Will the forthcoming years reverse the tide and lead to the developement of ambitious and common actions in this policy field? There are currently no strong signs of such a move towards a greater management of labour migration policy at EU level. However, Yves Pascouau argues in this FIERI Working paper that the deadlock may be broken with the development of new policy tools taking place in the field of economic governance. More precisely, he underlines that recipes adopted to overcome the so-called ‘euro crisis’ may well have an impact on labour migration issues.As a consequence, this could initiate a coordination process which was not called for by home affairs decision-makers.

A letter to the Right Honourable the Earl of Carnarvon, principal secretary of state for the colonies ; in reply to a Pamphlet entitled Confederation, considered in relation to the Interests of the Empire /

p. [3]-64: A letter to the Right Honourable the Earl of Carnarvon, principal secretary of state for the colonies; p. 65-78: Report of resolutions adopted at a conference of delegates from the provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and the colonies of Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, held at the city of Quebec, 10th October, 1864, as the basis of a proposed confederation of those provinces and colonies

Notes of travel; extracts from home letters written during a two years' tour round the world, 1879-1881.

Mode of access: Internet.

A Complete pronouncing gazetteer, or, geographical dictionary of the world : containing notices of over one hundred and twenty-five thousand places : with recent and authentic information respecting the countries, islands, rivers, mountains, cities, towns, etc., in every portion of the globe.

Spine title: Lippincott's pronouncing gazetteer of the world.

Narrative of a voyage round the world : performed in Her Majesty's ship Sulphur, during the years 1836-1942, including details of the naval operations in China, from Dec. 1840 to Nov. 1841 /

With: The regions of vegetation: being an analysis of the distribution of vegetable forms over the surface of the globe in connection with climate and physical agents / Richard Brinsley Hinds--p, [325]-460.

Geography, or, A description of the world : in three parts ... accompanied with an atlas : to which is aded an easy method of constructing maps illustrated by plates : for the use of schools and academies /

Spine title: Adams' geography.

The man of the world's dictionary.

Translation of: Dictionnaire des gens du monde.

An accompaniment to Mitchell's Map of the world, on Mercator's projection : containing an index to the various countries, cities, towns, islands, etc., represented on the map : and so connected therewith, that the position of any place exhibited on it may be readily ascertained : also, a general description of the five great divisions of the globe, America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Oceanica, with their several empires, kingdoms, states, territories, etc.

On spine: Mitchell's world.

A general view of the world : geographical, historical, and philosophical ; on a plan entirely new /

On spine: History of the world.

The World almanac and book of facts.

Published: Mahwah, N.J. : PRIMEDIA Reference, <1999->; World Almanac Books, 2001-

A narrative of the voyages round the world performed by Captain James Cook : with an account of his life during the previous and intervening periods /

First published in London, 1788, under title: The life of Captain James Cook.

The Century dictionary and cyclopedia; a work of universal reference in all departments of knowledge, with a new atlas of the world ...

Vols. 1-8 prepared under the superintendence of W. D. Whitney; v. 9 edited by B. E. Smith; v. 10 prepared under the superintendence of B. E. Smith.

Cruise of the United States frigate Potomac round the world : during the years 1831-34 ; embracing the attack on Quallah-Battoo ... /

Mode of access: Internet.