Information Guide: Vatican. August 2016

A guide to information sources on the Vatican City, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites (For other language versions of this record click on the original url)

Abundance estimates for landbirds and seabirds extracted and compiled from annual reports of the Skokholm bird observatory

Long-term ecological data are essential for conservation and to monitor and evaluate the effects of environmental change. Bird populations have been routinely assessed on islands off the British coast for many years and here long term data for one such island, Skokholm, is evaluated for robustness in the light of some 20 changes in observers (wardens) on the island over nearly eight decades. It was found that the dataset was robust when compared to bootstrap data with no species showing significant changes in abundance in years when wardens changed. It is concluded that the breeding bird populations on Skokholm and other British offshore islands are an important scientific resource and that protocols should be enacted to ensure the archiving of records, the continuance of data collection using standardised protocols into the future, and the recognition of such long-term data for science in terms of an appropriate conservation designation.

Observatory

View of Detroit Observatory from the northwest (University of Michigan). Publication information: Madison Wis. : J. J. Stoner, 1881

The Detroit Observatory of the University of Michigan

Richard Bull, architect. Known at various times as Detroit Observatory, Campus Observatory, Old Observatory. Original image in color

Detroit Observatory

Richard Bull, architect. Known at various times as Detroit Observatory, Campus Observatory, Old Observatory. Image derived from painting of Detroit Observatory by J. A. Cropsey. Color negs: 1479 and 148. On verso: R.D. Palmer, Photographer and Portrait Painter, Huron Street, East of Cook's Hotel. Ann Arbor, Mich.

University of Michigan Observatory

Richard Bull, architect. Known at various times as Detroit Observatory, Campus Observatory, Old Observatory. Observatory from northwest with pine trees and summer garden. On verso: A.L. Colton, Photographer, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Views of the State University a Specialty.

University of Michigan Observatory

Richard Bull, architect. Known at various times as Detroit Observatory, Campus Observatory, Old Observatory.

University of Michigan Observatory

Richard Bull, architect. Known at various times as Detroit Observatory, Campus Observatory, Old Observatory. Stereoscopic photograph showing the 1868 director's residence addition. James C. Watson (wearing top hat) is seen with a telescope on a tripod; his wife, Annette, is standing at the porch. (Source: A Creation of His Own: Tappan's Detroit Observatory by Patricia S. Whitesell) On verso: Views at University of Michigan, Ann Arbor