Avaliação da eficiência de um probiótico no controle de diarréia e no ganho de peso de bezerros

Foram utilizadas 99 vacas prenhes distribuídas em oito grupos que receberam os seguintes tratamentos: grupo I, com 29 vacas não vacinadas e seus bezerros que não receberam probiótico, ficando como controle; grupo II, com 10 vacas vacinadas e seus bezerros que não receberam probiótico; grupos III, IV e V, com 10 animais cada, vacas vacinadas e seus bezerros que receberam probiótico durante 5, 15 e 30 dias, respectivamente; os grupos VI, VII e VIII, com 10 animais cada, vacas não vacinadas e seus bezerros que receberam probiótico durante 5, 15 e 30 dias, respectivamente. Cada animal dos grupos vacinados recebeu duas doses vacinais contendo os pili K99 e A14 de Escherichia coli na dose de 5,0ml por via subcutânea. O probiótico contendo Ruminobacter amylophilum, Ruminobacter succinogenes, Succinovibrio dextrinosolvens, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus acidophilus e Streptococcus faecium, na dose de 3,0× 10(8) células vivas (UFC) de cada amostra em 250ml de leite, era adiministrado por via oral. Os animais foram observados diariamente e foram determinados os títulos de anticorpos anti-K99 e anti-A14 no soro e no colostro. Anotaram-se os pesos dos bezerros ao nascimento e aos 30 dias. Os resultados mostraram que a associação de vacina com probiótico administrado por 15 e 30 dias foram os tratamentos mais eficientes no controle da diarréia e ganho de peso.

Resposta imune-humoral de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) contra Anaplasma marginale (Theiler, 1910)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Qualidade da carne ovina submetida ao processo de salga

Foi estudada a qualidade da carne ovina submetida a diferentes teores de sal no processo de salga, utilizando-se 18 pernas desossadas provenientes de cordeiros ½ Ile de France ½ Ideal, machos inteiros, com peso vivo médio de 30kg. Os tratamentos constituíram-se em: T1 - controle; T2 - salga a 15% e T3 - salga a 20%. As mantas de carne foram lavadas rapidamente em água corrente para remoção do excesso de sal e secadas à sombra. As análises foram realizadas antes da salga e 67 horas após o início da mesma. As perdas de peso ao cozimento, maciez, cor, umidade (2, 4, 16, 28, 40 e 67 horas após o início da salga) e número de TBARS, substâncias reativas ao ácido 2-tiobarbitúrico, foram realizadas no músculo Semimembranosus. Os diferentes teores de sal não influenciaram (P>0,05) na luminosidade da carne, entretanto os teores de vermelho e amarelo, que foram influenciados (P<0,05). As perdas de peso ao cozimento e a umidade foram menores (P<0,05) nas carnes salgadas. A carne dos tratamentos controle e com 15% de salga, apresentou maior (P<0,05) maciez, em relação à carne do tratamento com 20% de salga. A carne que foi submetida a 20% de salga, apresentou maior oxidação lípidica, não diferindo da salga a 15%. A salga a 15% forneceu melhores resultados com valores de perdas de peso ao cozimento, cor, umidade e número de TBARS semelhante a salga a 20%, porém com maior maciez.

Características físico-químicas e sensoriais da carne de cordeiros terminados com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar ou silagem de milho e dois níveis de concentrado

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estrutura do dossel e acúmulo de forragem dos capins piatã e marandu sob pastejo com ovinos

The objective of this scientific work was to evaluate the tillering and mass production of Brachiaria brizantha Piatã and Marandu grasses with two statures of post-grazing. The experimental lineation was in factorial arrangement (2 pastures x 2 residue stature) with subplots (grazing cycle). The experimental period was from March to October of 2012. The target stature on pre-grazing was 50 cm and on post-grazing 15 and 25 for each cultivar. The following variables were analyzed: tiller population density, forage mass, morphological components, accumulation and accumulation rate. Three grazing cycles were obtained. Marandu grass presented larger forage mass on pre-grazing and lower stem production than piatã grass. No difference was observed between the two cultivars regarding the leaf blade production. There was no difference on forage mass, leaf blade, stem, and dead material production between the two statures of post-grazing. The pastures managed at 25 cm presented accumulation rate compared to those with 15 cm. Concerning the accumulation rate on the two cultivars, piatã and marandu grasses, Marandu grass presented higher amount than the piatã grass, and also presented higher values on the rate of basal tiller appearing on 15 cm stature post-pasture feature. Piatã grass managed at 25 cm developed smaller tiller amount on the second generation and greater tiller amount on the third generation than marandu grass. The greater tiller population density was observed on 25cm post-grazing pastures. There was no statistical difference of density between the two cultivars and between the cycles. Accordingly, it is concluded that piatã and marandu cultivars can be managed with 15cm and 25 cm post-grazing statures

Influência do estado nutricional materno em vitamina A sobre os níveis de imunoglobulina A no colostro humano

Mothers with good vitamin A nutritional status during gestation and lactation are better able to nourish and protect their infant with maternal milk. Our hypothesis is that women with more serum retinol have more retinol and secretory immunoglobulin A in colostrum. 190 healthy puerperal women from a Brazilian public maternity were recruited and divided according to the cutoff point for serum retinol (30 μg/dL). A number of the women was supplemented with 200000 UI (60 mg) of retinyl palmitate in the immediate postpartum. Serum and colostrum were collected on the 1st day postpartum and colostrum again on the following day. Retinol (serum and colostrum) was analyzed by HPLC and SIgA (colostrum) by turbidimetry. The mothers presented with adequate biochemical indicators of nutritional status, according to serum retinol (44.6 μg/dL). There were significant differences (p= 0.0017 and p= 0.043, respectively) in retinol and SIgA levels in the colostrum of mothers with serum retinol > 30 μg/dL and < 30 μg/dL. The concentration of SIgA in the colostrum of non-supplemented mothers on the 1st day postpartum was 822.6 mg/dL, decreasing after 24 hours to 343.7 mg/dL. Supplemented mothers showed levels of SIgA in colostrum of 498.9 mg/dL on the 2nd day postpartum (p= 0.00006). The colostrum of women with good vitamin A nutritional status had more retinol and SIgA. Additionally, maternal supplementation increases the levels of SIgA in colostrum. The higher levels of SIgA on the 1st day postpartum showed the importance of early breastfeeding, given that it provides considerable immunological benefits to newborn infants

Characterization of excretory/secretory antigen from Toxocara vitulorum larvae

Toxocara vitulorum is a nematode parasite of the small intestine of cattle and water buffalo, particularly buffalo calves between one and three months of age, causing high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this research was to characterize the excretory/secretory (ES) antigens of T vitulorum larvae by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and Western blot (WB), using immune sera and colostrum of buffalo naturally infected by T vitulorum. The parasitological status of the buffalo calves was also evaluated using sequential fecal examinations. The results showed that the ES antigen revealed eight (190, 150, 110, 90, 64, 56, 48, and 19 kDa) protein bands by SDS-PAGE. The majority of these bands were recognized in the sera and colostrum of infected buffalo with T vitulorum when analyzed by WB. However, particularly fractions of high molecular weight (190, 150, 110, and 90 kDa) were represented in more prominent bands and persisted in the groups of buffalo calves at the peak of egg output, as well as during the period of rejection of T vitulorum by the feces of the calves. During the period of post-rejection of the worms (between the day 118 and 210 of age) the serum antibodies did not react with any protein bands. on the other hand, sera from buffalo calves at one day of age (after suckling the colostrum and at the beginning of infection) reacted with the same bands detected in the serum and colostrum of the buffalo cows.

Time-dependent alterations of soluble and cellular components in human milk

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Transfer of Maternal Immunity to Newborns of Diabetic Mothers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Morbidity-mortality and performance evaluation of Brahman calves from in vitro embryo production

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspectos microbiológicos e de qualidade do leite bovino

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hematological changes in sheep inoculated with natural and Cobalt60-irradiated Crotalus durissus terrificus venom (Laurenti, 1768)

Natural (NV) and Cobalto60-irradiated (IrV) Crotalus durissus terrificus venom were used to evaluate serum production capacity of sheep and possible hematological and biochemical effects. Freeze-dried venom aliquots were diluted in acidified saline solution (NaCl 150 mM, pH 3.0) and irradiated by a Cobalt 60 source at a dose of 5.54 x 102 Gy/h and a concentration of 2.000 Gy. Twelve sheep were divided into two groups of six animals. One group received irradiated venom (IrV) and the other natural venom (NV). Three antigen doses (venom) were administered at monthly intervals. Blood samples were collected weekly for analysis of serum neutralization potency and capacity, complete blood count (CBC), total plasma protein, fibrinogen, albumin, and globulin. At the end of the experiment, the animals were challenged with a LD50 for sheep and showed no signs of envenoming. The two groups did not present clinical alterations. Results of the total leukocyte count did not present interaction or time factor effect for both groups, but there was a different action between them, with the NV group presenting more cells than the IrV group. The leukocyte increase to 13,000/ml indicates that slight leukocytosis occurred in the week after the first inoculation in the NV group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in the absolute count of segmented neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes but there were statistically significant oscillations in values at the different collecting times. The NV group presented an increase in the absolute neutrophil count after the first inoculation that persisted for 5 weeks. In the IrV group, the increase in neutrophils occurred only in the first week returning to normal in the following weeks. The alterations in the neutrophil count are indicative of systemic inflammatory response related to cytokine release; response was more marked in the NV group, showing its greater toxicity.

Fraturas vertebrais em grandes animais: estudo retrospectivo de 39 casos (1987-2002)

Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo (1987-2002) dos aspectos clínicos das fraturas vertebrais em eqüinos, bovinos, ovinos, caprinos e suínos atendidos no hospital veterinário da FMVZ-Unesp de Botucatu. Todos os casos tiveram confirmação radiográfica ou post-mortem. Segundo a espécie, a ordem de acometimento foi: bovina, eqüina, ovina, caprina e suína. As lesões ocorreram desde os 12 dias de idade até os 10 anos, com maior freqüência até os 12 meses. O segmento torácico foi o mais comprometido seguido dos segmentos lombar, cervical e sacral. As fraturas vertebrais devem fazer parte da lista de diagnósticos diferenciais de animais em decúbito, independente da espécie, sexo ou idade.

Vaccine immune response and interference of colostral antibodies in calves vaccinated against rabies at 2, 4 and 6 months of age born from antirabies revaccinated females

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Importance of Antirabies Revaccination for an Adequate Antirabies Protection in Bovine Newborns

The transfer of antirabies immunoglobulins in cows that were prime vaccinated and cows that were revaccinated against rabies correlated to the serum titers in their offspring was evaluated. The results demonstrated that revaccination against rabies during pregnancy induces neutralizing antibody titers at a protective level that are transferred directly to calves through colostrum and reinforce the importance of revaccination for improved colostral antibody transfer and offspring protection against rabies.