As faces do livro de leitura

Este trabalho pretende ser uma contribuição para a compreensão da história do livro didático no Brasil, mais especificamente no tocante ao estado de São Paulo. Trata-se da análise de alguns dos livros de leitura mais utilizados nas escolas primárias no final do século XIX e início do XX (1890-1920), compreendendo o livro como um objeto cultural. Delineamos as suas diferentes faces e o seu uso na escola, considerando o conteúdo, a finalidade, o formato, a produção editorial e a autoria, fazendo a interseção entre a história das disciplinas escolares e a história da leitura.

Correlação entre habilidades básicas de leitura e compreensão de leitura

Este estudo objetivou verificar a correlação entre habilidades básicas de leitura (tempo, velocidade, precisão) e compreensão de leitura de 80 escolares do 2º ao 5º ano do Ensino Público Municipal, divididos em oito grupos, conforme o ano escolar e a presença ou não de dificuldade de aprendizagem. Como procedimento, utilizou-se a leitura oral de textos correspondentes ao ano escolar, seguida de perguntas abertas para verificação da compreensão de leitura. em todos os grupos, houve diferença estatisticamente significante com correlação entre tempo de leitura e velocidade de leitura. No grupo VI, foi observada correlação entre palavras lidas incorretamente e velocidade de leitura, enquanto o grupo VII apresentou correlação entre palavras lidas incorretamente, velocidade de leitura e compreensão de leitura. Esses dados sugerem que a habilidade de compreensão de leitura requer capacidades cognitivas de alto nível, que vão além de habilidades básicas, sendo fundamental elaborar uma representação mental do conteúdo proposicional para obter o significado global da mensagem escrita.

Desempenho de escolares em consciência fonológica, nomeação rápida, leitura e escrita

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desempenho em leitura e escrita de escolares com transtorno fonológico

O transtorno fonológico ocorre quando há dificuldade quanto à aquisição e uso dos sons da fala. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o desempenho em leitura e escrita de escolares com transtorno fonológico. Participaram do estudo 28 escolares na faixa etária de 7 a 9 anos de idade com trocas na fala. A amostra foi composta de 70% do sexo masculino e 30% do feminino. Os resultados revelaram que entre 57% e 85% dos escolares da 1 a à 3 a séries apresentaram transtorno fonológico presente na oralidade e na escrita, enquanto que 100% dos escolares da 4 a série apresentaram transtorno fonológico evidenciado apenas na leitura e na escrita. Os achados deste estudo demonstraram que a linguagem oral está intrinsecamente relacionada com o desenvolvimento da leitura e da escrita e que alterações no processamento fonológico da criança podem desencadear alterações no desenvolvimento da leitura e escrita.

Desempenho de escolares com transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade em tarefas metalinguisticas e de leitura

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A comunicação midiática da tecnociência: uma leitura a partir do enfoque cts

This paper has two basic aims. The first one is to propose a discussion about the journalistic potential of information regarding patents, trying to identify using some experiences, the characteristics of this techno-scientific product that, somehow, draws the attention of the media. The second one is to understand the relationship between media and patents from the perspective of the studies on Science, Technology and Society (STS). The following assumption is made: the media treatment of patents is still strongly marked by economic bias and follows the logic of the supply-linear model, under which, among other important ideas, basic research is followed by applied research and, then, by technological developments that allow the launch of a new product bringing benefits for society. The paper presents results from case studies of science communication involving patents of the Federal University of Silo Carlos (UFSCar), Brazil, indicating that they are an important source of news for the media, and emphasizing the importance of the media in the national and international discussions about the protection of intellectual work.

Desempenho de escolares com distúrbio específico de leitura em programa de remediação.

BACKGROUND: Specific reading disability is caused by disruptions in the language abilities. AIM: To characterize the neurological, cognitive and phonological performances of scholars with specific reading disabilities pre and post a remediation program. METHOD: Group I consisted of ten scholars with specific reading disability who did not undergo the remediation program. Group II consisted of ten scholars with specific reading disabilities who took part in the proposed program. Neurological, psychological and phonological evaluations were made, as well as a test of scholastic performance and of reading and writing before and after the program. RESULTS: The scholars who underwent the remediation program demonstrated improvements in their neurological and cognitive performances and also in the processing of phonological information. CONCLUSION: Favoring of the emergence of phonological and syntactic awareness after the remediation program.

Uma leitura de 26 poetas hoje

This reading presents a sample from this anthology and tries to identify in it the faces of resistence indicated by Alfredo Bosi in his essay: Poesia Resistência. ln the several manners the poets of different generations chose for their personal cry of alert we find a poetry wich is spontaneous, authentic and, above all, resistent. This is due mainly to the renewal of the poetical expression, impregnated with affectiveness and intimism, which included colloquial language and the devices used by all great Brazilian poetry since the Modernism of 1922.

Desempenho em consciência fonológica, memória operacional, leitura e escrita na dislexia familial

Background: familial dyslexia. Aim: to characterize and compare the phonological awareness, working memory, reading and writing abilities of individuals whose family members are also affected. Method: in this study 10 familial nuclei of natural family relationship of individuals with dyslexia were analyzed. Families of natural individuals living in the west region of the state of São Paulo were selected. Inclusion criteria were: to be a native speaker of the Brazilian Portuguese language, to have 8 years of age or more, to present positive familial history for learning disabilities, That is, to present at least one relative with difficulties in learning. Exclusion criteria were: to present any neurological disorder genetically caused or not, in any of the family members, such as dystonia, extra pyramidal diseases, mental disorder, epilepsy, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHA); psychiatric symptoms or conditions; or any other pertinent conditions that could cause errors in the diagnosis. As for the diagnosis of developmental dyslexia, information about the familial history of the adolescents and children was gathered with the parents, so that a detailed pedigree could be delineated. Neurological, psychological, speech-language, and school performance evaluations were made with the individuals and their families. Results: the results of this study suggest that the dyslexic individuals and their respective relatives, also with dyslexia, presented lower performances than the control group in terms of rapid automatic naming, reading, writing and phonological awareness. Conclusion: deficits in phonological awareness, working memory, reading and writing seem to have genetic susceptibility that possibly determine, when in interaction with the environment, the manifestation of dyslexia.

Música como aia da vontade: ensaio sobre a leitura wagneriana de Schopenhauer

In the year 1851, Richard Wagner had his first contact with the philosophy of Schopenhauer, a fact that was followed soon by his proclaimed and somewhat surprising conversion to schopenhauerianism. Tweny years later, his debt to Schopenhauer is reaffirmed in Beethoven, a comemorative writing in which are to be found the outlines of a philosophy of music - claimed by the composer to be based on Schopenhauer's aesthetics - that had great influence in Nietzsche's theoretical elaboration of the dionysiac, as it appears in The birth of Tragedy. My work aims primarily at investigating to what extent the musical aesthetics outlined in Beethoven is actually compatible with that presented in The world as Will and representation. The pointing out of remarkable differences between the two aesthetic conceptions gives then rise to some reflexions concerning the character of the relations between Wagner, Schopenhauer and the young Nietzsche.

Identificação precoce do risco para transtornos da atenção e da leitura em sala de aula

In this his study the accuracy was investigated of collective pedagogical activities, based on phonological judgments by matching figures and figures to spoken words, to identify students at risk for reading and/or attention disorders. Forty-five second graders (mean age of 7 years, 29 males) were divided into two groups, a control group, without reading difficulties (n=32), and an at-risk group, with reading difficulties (n=13). The low-achievement on these collective activities, defined by scores more than 1.65 SD below the mean of the control group, presented good sensitivity (true positives) and specificity (true negatives) in the early identification of at risk students.

Leitura do fotojornalismo na escola: uma experiência com alunos da escola básica

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Leitura de jornais em famílias de estudantes de escola pública de ensino fundamental

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

A leitura e a produção de textos: desempenhos de alunos do ensino fundamental e as manifestações de seus professores

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC