EU immigration trends and policies: Spain and France as case studies. Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series Vol. 13 No. 10, August 2013

From the Introduction. The Treaty on European Union, also known as the Treaty of Maastricht or the Maastricht Treaty, created the European Union (EU) from the existing European Economic Community (EEC.) It was signed by the member states on February 7, 1992, and entered into force on November 1, 1993.1 Among its many innovations was the creation of European citizenship, which would be granted to any person who was a citizen of an EU member state. Citizenship, however, is intertwined with immigration, which the Treaty also attempted to address. Policy on visas, immigration and asylum was originally placed under Pillar 3 of the EU, which dealt with Justice and Home Affairs. In 1997, however, the Amsterdam Treaty moved these policies from Pillar 3 to Pillar 1, signaling “a shift toward more supranational decision-making in this area,” as opposed to the intergovernmental method of Pillars 2 and 3.2

The economics of reducing the county road system: three case studies in Iowa. Final report.

Transportation Department, Office of University Research, Washington, D.C.

Pollution prevention case studies compendium /

Mode of access: Internet.

Cost of landspreading and hauling sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants : case studies.

Mode of access: Internet.

Community service restitution programs for alcohol related traffic offenders. Volume II - case studies and resource materials.

Mode of access: Internet.

Vehicle surface interactions - three case studies. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Financial self-sufficiency study and guidelines. Volume 3: case studies manual.

Mode of access: Internet.

The impact of Department of Defense procurement on competition in commercial markets : case studies of the electronics and helicopter industries /

"December 1980."

Workforce development case studies /

"September 1998."

Case studies and annotated bibliography of truck accident countermeasures on urban freeways. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Safety and Traffic Operations Research and Development, McLean, Va.

Regional governmental arrangements in metropolitan areas: nine case studies,

Prepared for Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under grant 801500, program element 1HA098, ROAP/TASK 21 AKL-06.

Case studies in distribution cost accounting for manufacturing and wholesaling.

Mode of access: Internet.

Treatment for the impaired driver. Volume II: case studies. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.