918 resultados para Kerr, Efecte


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Preservation of beta cell against apoptosis is one of the therapeutic benefits of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) antidiabetic mimetics for preserving the functional beta cell mass exposed to diabetogenic condition including proinflammatory cytokines. The mitogen activated protein kinase 10 also called c-jun amino-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) plays a protective role in insulin-secreting cells against death caused by cytokines. In this study, we investigated whether the JNK3 expression is associated with the protective effect elicited by the GLP1 mimetic exendin 4. We found an increase in the abundance of JNK3 in isolated human islets and INS-1E cells cultured with exendin 4. Induction of JNK3 by exendin 4 was associated with an increased survival of INS-1E cells. Silencing of JNK3 prevented the cytoprotective effect of exendin 4 against apoptosis elicited by culture condition and cytokines. These results emphasize the requirement of JNK3 in the antiapoptotic effects of exendin 4.

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Aquest projecte ha consistit en desenvolupar un sistema contra incendis utilitzant per tal efecte dues motes cou24, emissora, receptora i un ordenador. La mota emissora pren valors dels sensors de temperatura i bateria els envia a la mota receptora per monitoritzar-los, si la bateria baixa d'un límit preestablert enviarà una alarma de bateria baixa a la mota receptora, si la temperatura supera el límit de temperatura preestablert enviarà l'alarma d'incendi a la mota receptora. La mota receptora s'encarrega d'enviar els missatges que provenen de la mota emissora a l'ordenador on estigui connectada i també d'enviar els missatges que provenen de l'ordenador a la mota emissora.S'ha desenvolupat una aplicació amb Java amb la que es monitoritzen els valors dels sensors i les alarmes provinents de la mota emissora, també es poden modificar una sèrie de paràmetres com són: l'interval de temps amb el que es prenen valors dels sensors, interval de temps amb el que s'envien els valors i límit de temperatura amb el que la mota comprovarà l'alarma d'incendi així com, si fos el cas, enviar la confirmació d'alarma d'incendi.

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The aim of this study was to describe spatial patterns of the distribution of leprosy and to investigate spatial clustering of incidence rates in the state of Ceará, Northeast Brazil. The average incidence rate of leprosy for the period of 1991 to 1999 was calculated for each municipality of Ceará. Maps were used to describe the spatial distribution of the disease, and spatial statistics were applied to explore large- and small-scale variations of incidence rates. Three regions were identified in which the incidence of leprosy was particularly high. A spatial gradient in the incidence rates was identified, with a tendency of high rates to be concentrated on the North-South axis in the middle region of the state. Moran's I statistic indicated that a significant spatial autocorrelation also existed. The spatial distribution of leprosy in Ceará is heterogeneous. The reasons for spatial clustering of disease rates are not known, but might be related to an heterogeneous distribution of other factors such as crowding, social inequality, and environmental characteristics which by themselves determine the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae.

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Molecular trees of trypanosomes have confirmed conventionally accepted genera, but often produce topologies that are incongruent with knowledge of the evolution, systematics, and biogeography of hosts and vectors. These distorted topologies result largely from incorrect assumptions about molecular clocks. A host-based phylogenetic tree could serve as a broad outline against which the reasonability of molecular phylogenies could be evaluated. The host-based tree of trypanosomes presented here supports the " invertebrate first " hypothesis of trypansosome evolution, supports the monophyly of Trypanosomatidae, and indicates the digenetic lifestyle arose three times. An area cladogram of Leishmania supports origination in the Palaearctic during the Palaeocene.

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Es proposa, amb aquest projecte, dissenyar i implementar un aplicació en la que els pacients puguin introduir aquests valors en un ordinador des de la seva, accedint, per ferho, a una web per a tal efecte. Aquesta mateixa aplicació ha de permetre als metgesconsultar aquests controls i tenir una visió més actualitzada dels controls que es fan elspacients entre visites, i si es necessari, canviar les dosis d'insulina.

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La progressiva reducció de dimensió i cost en els dispositius electrònics, la dràstica retallada de consum elèctric i la independència de què això els dota han fet créixer en els últims temps l'interès de les comunitats científiques i tecnològiques per les xarxes sense fils de petits dispositius. Per altra banda, l'XML (eXtensible Markup Language) és un metallenguatge extensible que ha esdevingut un estàndard per a l'intercanvi d'informació estructurada entre diferents plataformes. L'objectiu d'aquest treball és explorar les possibilitats que pot oferir la introducció de l'XML en les xarxes de sensors amb l'elaboració d'un protocol de comunicació basat en aquest llenguatge i demostrar la transparència en el canvi de plataforma. Per fer-ho, es disposa de dos dispositius amb capacitat de comunicació sense fils equipats amb detectors de temperatura, lluminositat, efecte Hall i nivell de càrrega de la bateria. El projecte constarà de dues parts: una, més extensa, dedicada al desenvolupament del programari per a aquests dispositius, encarregat de obtenir les lectures dels diferents sensors i emetre-les per la xarxa utilitzant el llenguatge XML, i una altra, per recollir aquesta informació present a la xarxa, interpretar-la, salvar-la en una base de dades i exposar-la al món en una plana web. El programari dels dispositius sensors s'escriurà en llenguatge nesC dins el sistema tinyOS que és el sistema operatiu que equipen. La part d'explotació de les dades es desenvoluparà sota la plataforma .NET de Microsoft.

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Population-based data on sexually transmitted infections (STI), bacterial vaginosis (BV), and candidiasis reflect the epidemiological situation more accurately than studies performed in specific populations, but such data are scarce. To determine the prevalence of STI, BV, and candidiasis among women of reproductive age from a resource-poor community in Northeast Brazil, a population-based cross sectional study was undertaken. All women from seven hamlets and the centre of Pacoti municipality in the state of Ceará, aged 12 to 49 years, were invited to participate. The women were asked about socio-demographic characteristics and genital symptoms, and thereafter examined gynaecologically. Laboratory testing included polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for human papillomavirus (HPV), ligase chain reaction (LCR) for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, ELISA for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) and fluorescent treponema antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS) for syphilis, and analysis of wet mounts, gram stains and Pap smears for trichomoniasis, candidiasis, and BV. Only women who had initiated sexual life were included in the analysis (n = 592). The prevalences of STI were: HPV 11.7% (95% confidence interval: 9.3-14.7), chlamydia 4.5% (3.0-6.6), trichomoniasis 4.1% (2.7-6.1), gonorrhoea 1.2% (0.5-2.6), syphilis 0.2% (0.0-1.1), and HIV 0%. The prevalence of BV and candidiasis was 20% (16.9-23.6) and 12.5% (10.0-15.5), respectively. The most common gynaecological complaint was lower abdominal pain. STI are common in women in rural Brazil and represent an important health threat in view of the HIV pandemic.

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La llegada de las tecnologías de la información, y su uso cada vez mayor y generalizado que se está haciendo de ellas, ha permitido para que una nueva situación aparezca que, a su vez, ha originado - de hecho, que ha precipitado - una serie de cambios de gran importancia en todos los niveles, pero especialmente en los niveles sociales, económicos y culturales. Este nueva escena ha tenido una gran influencia en el entorno pedagógico. De hecho, la aparición de nuevos modelos educativos como resultado de este cambio ha estado sucediendo de una manera continuada e ininterrumpida durante la década pasada. Estos cambios recientes en los sistemas actuales de enseñanza y de aprendizaje han significado un aumento y un cambio en el tipo de demandas hechas desde las bibliotecas y los centros de documentación.

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En el marc de les accions que està portant a terme la Biblioteca de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid per promocionar l'ús del " Archivo institucional de E-Prints Complutense" entre els seus professors i investigadors, la Biblioteca de la Facultat de Ciències Geològiques de la UCM ha posat en marxa una iniciativa, recolzada pels Serveis Centrals de la BUCM, destinada a dipositar a l'arxiu institucional de la universitat la producció científica de la Facultat. L'aspecte clau d'aquesta iniciativa consisteix a emfatitzar el pes institucional i patrimonial de la producció investigadora d'una institució i en demanar el suport de l'equip deganal del centre perquè sigui ell qui comuniqui als seus investigadors l'oportunitat de dipositar tot aquest patrimoni, fent-lo més visible i augmentant amb això el seu impacte, en el dipòsit que a l'efecte ha creat la universitat. La Biblioteca de la Facultat de Ciències Geològiques de la UCM està procedint, en conseqüència, a dipositar a l'arxiu institucional de la universitat tots aquells resultats de recerca del centre que, dins del respecte a la legalitat, sigui possible introduir sense que, fins al present, investigador algun d'aquest centre s'hagi manifestat contrari a la proposta deganal.

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The adjustment of the teaching learning contents in Physical Education, requires of a rigorous analysis that permits to adjust them to the maximum with the educational needs of the student body. It has been approached an investigation study in the one which have intervened pupils, boys and girls, of two different populations, Girona and Madrid in order to prove and analyse the motor and mental components of the student body in the real situation of the game. The hypothesis that we have treated are:if it exists differences between the boys and girls of the educational levels studied in the motor and mental solution in the sports initiation, additionally, the differences that they can exist between the courses and what distance is verified between the study ages to approach a physical activity that implies an initial step to the hour of teaching the collective sports in the classes of Physical education. They have been employed three measure instruments: the first permits to analyse the mental solution without need of practice employing situation photographs of the real game with those which the pupils must choose to who to happen; the second is a pass test that permits to prove the technical dominance to use in a collective sport and the third is a real game situation that permits to put in manifesto the relationship between the mental behaviour and the motor of the pupil. This real game situation is ‘the game of ten pass’ (Blázquez,1986; Torres,1993). The results demonstrate that it do not exist differences between the two sexes in the study ages. In the case of the technical execution level, there is a considerable increase with the age and it is slightly greater in the kids that in the girls. In the case of the real game, we find ourselves with a great variability in the results and we cannot conclude that there are relative differences to the sex in none of the three courses. Respect at participation level during the game is confirmed that the pupils that more participate are not the pupils than more balls lose, what permits to guarantee the idea of the fact that it is convenient to use the real game practice as direct learning element. Finally, there is no a high correlation between the execution level measured in the test of technical execution and the decision execution during the game

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This review will focus on two general approaches carried out at the Sandler Center, University of California, San Francisco, to address the challenge of developing new drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease. The first approach is target-based drug discovery, and two specific targets, cytochrome P450 CYP51 and cruzain (aka cruzipain), are discussed. A "proof of concept" molecule, the vinyl sulfone inhibitor K777, is now a clinical candidate. The preclinical assessment compliance for filing as an Investigational New Drug with the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is presented, and an outline of potential clinical trials is given. The second approach to identifying new drug leads is parasite phenotypic screens in culture. The development of an assay allowing high throughput screening of Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes in skeletal muscle cells is presented. This screen has the advantage of not requiring specific strains of parasites, so it could be used with field isolates, drug resistant strains or laboratory strains. It is optimized for robotic liquid handling and has been validated through a screen of a library of FDA-approved drugs identifying 65 hits.

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Estudi de l’ efecte de les condicions ambientals,concretament de la temperatura, sobre l’eficàcia de les principals matèries actives, àcid naftalè acètic (ANA) i 6- benziladenina (6-BA), emprades en l’aclarida química de les pomeres

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Sand flies within the genus Lutzomyia serve as the vectors for all species of the protozoan parasite Leishmania in the New World. In this paper, we present a summary of the 29 species of Lutzomyia and one of Brumptomyia previously reported for Nicaragua and report results of our recent collections of 565 sand flies at eight localities in the country from 2001-2006. Lutzomyia longipalpis was the predominant species collected within the Pacific plains region of western Nicaragua, while Lutzomyia cruciata or Lutzomyia barrettoi majuscula were the species most frequently collected in the central highlands and Atlantic plains regions. The collection of Lutzomyia durani (Vargas & Nájera) at San Jacinto in July 2001 is a new record for Nicaragua. Leishmaniasis is endemic to Nicaragua and occurs in three forms: cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Cutaneous infections are the most prevalent type of leishmaniasis in Nicaragua and they occur in two different clinical manifestations, typical cutaneous leishmaniasis and atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis, depending on the species of the infecting Leishmania parasite. The distribution of sand flies collected during this study in relation to the geographic distribution of clinical forms of leishmaniasis in the country is also discussed.

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Proposta d’activitat per treballar la interculturalitat en el centre penitenciari de Figueres des del punt de vista de l’educador social. L’activitat consisteix en la creació i manteniment d’un blog obert a tots els interns mitjançant la xarxa moodle. L’autora aprofita per fer una extensa contextualització de la realitat del CP de Figueres

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Estudi i proposta de millora de la gestió forestal basada en l'òptima extracció de fusta i l'òptim emmagatzematge de carboni, en un bosc del Pont de Suert amb règim de tala selectiva, seguint les directrius del Protocol de Kyoto quant a la disminució de l'emissió dels gasos d'efecte hivernacle