Gestão da Prevenção nos Comboios de Portugal: Influência do Controlo de Risco do Comportamento Humano na Sinistralidade Profissional

Durante cinco anos, foi intervencionada e estudada, a sinistralidade laboral numa transportadora ferroviária. O controlo de riscos nela experimentado explorou o potencial preventivo de medidas de controlo do comportamento dos colaboradores, tais como: Formação para promover comportamentos preventivos; Intensificação da prevenção, controlo e recuperação do abuso de álcool e drogas; Informação motivadora para as boas práticas. Consequentemente: Inverteu-se rapidamente a tendência crescente da sinistralidade, sem aumentar custos; Mantiveram-se, durante um período de continuada redução do efectivo laboral, níveis de sinistralidade laboral inferiores aos verificados no início da pesquisa; Demonstrou-se a sustentabilidade financeira do investimento em Segurança e Saúde do Trabalho. During five years, an intervention, over the occupational accidents of a railway company, was studied. The control of risks that has been tested, explored the preventive potential of control measures towards employees’ behaviour, such as: Training to promote preventive behaviours; Stepping up prevention, control and recovery of alcohol and drugs abuse; Motivating information to good practices. Consequently: It quickly reversed the trend of accidents, without increasing the costs; During a period of continued reduction of employees, levels of occupational accidents remained below those recorded at the beginning of research; Financial sustainability of investment in Occupational Health and Safety was demonstrated.

British railways and the challenge from road haulage: 1919-39

Interwar Britain witnessed the rapid rise of road transport as a serious competitor to the railways. This article examines road–rail competition for freight traffic. It demonstrates that, contrary to previous accounts—which have been highly critical of the railway companies—their failure to prevent rapid loss of traffic to the roads was the inevitable consequence of the regulatory framework under which the railways had been returned to private control in 1921. Given the constraints imposed by this framework, price competition with road hauliers would have further depressed railway company profits. Railway policy thus concentrated on pressing for a revision of the legislative framework governing road–rail competition.

A model analysis of climate and CO2 controls on tree growth in a semi-arid woodland

We used a light-use efficiency model of photosynthesis coupled with a dynamic carbon allocation and tree-growth model to simulate annual growth of the gymnosperm Callitris columellaris in the semi-arid Great Western Woodlands, Western Australia, over the past 100 years. Parameter values were derived from independent observations except for sapwood specific respiration rate, fine-root turnover time, fine-root specific respiration rate and the ratio of fine-root mass to foliage area, which were estimated by Bayesian optimization. The model reproduced the general pattern of interannual variability in radial growth (tree-ring width), including the response to the shift in precipitation regimes that occurred in the 1960s. Simulated and observed responses to climate were consistent. Both showed a significant positive response of tree-ring width to total photosynthetically active radiation received and to the ratio of modeled actual to equilibrium evapotranspiration, and a significant negative response to vapour pressure deficit. However, the simulations showed an enhancement of radial growth in response to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration (ppm) ([CO2]) during recent decades that is not present in the observations. The discrepancy disappeared when the model was recalibrated on successive 30-year windows. Then the ratio of fine-root mass to foliage area increases by 14% (from 0.127 to 0.144 kg C m-2) as [CO2] increased while the other three estimated parameters remained constant. The absence of a signal of increasing [CO2] has been noted in many tree-ring records, despite the enhancement of photosynthetic rates and water-use efficiency resulting from increasing [CO2]. Our simulations suggest that this behaviour could be explained as a consequence of a shift towards below-ground carbon allocation.

Bases conceituais para a estruturação de programas de desenvolvimento gerencial para a STU-RJ da CBTU

A presente dissertação enfoca o desenvolvimento gerencial na Superintendência de Trens Urbanos do Rio de Janeiro STU-RJ, da Companhia Brasileira de Trens Urbanos C8TU, propondo as bases conceituais que podem nortear os esforços para a capacitação do corpo gerencial dessa organização. As bases conceituais propostas estão fundamentadas na revisão de diversas teorias do desenvolvimento gerencial e em uma pesquisa que revela as principais características do corpo gerencial da organização. O estudo apresenta um resumo da contribuição de diversos autores sobre o tema, o qual constitui o quadro teórico de referência. Apresenta, também a pesquisa realizada junto aos gerentes.

O centenário da ferrovia brasileira (1954): ensaio sobre a elabo-ração da memória ferroviária no Brasil

In 1954, it was celebrated the centenary of railways in Brazil. The date refers to the first section of 14.5 km of railway in Brazil (30/04/1854), in Rio de Janeiro, between Mauá and Fragoso, of the Petropolis Railway Company (Estrada de Ferro Petrópolis). Some of the texts and commemorative events indicated the symbolic values that the railroad took in the Brazilian history. Firstly, on 30.04.1954, the railway section Mauá-Fragoso and steam locomotive “Baroness” (the first used on the track) were declared national monuments(Decree No. 35,447-A, April 30, 1954). Secondly, some entities (Clube de Engenharia, Conselho Nacional de Geografia, Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas) highlighted the importance of celebrating the Brazilian railway history and its historical significance, economic and geographical. For this, some events was occurred (the commemoration of one hundred years in Rio de Janeiro and Recife on 30.04.1954). Among the texts wrought produced, we highlight the text I Centenary of Brazilian Railroad (1954), released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), and the National Council of Geography (Conselho Nacional de Geografia). The emphasis given to the railway refersto the geographical perspective (territorial expansion), but also makes mention of the Barãode Mauá, the founder of Petropolis Railway Company. We aim to understand the celebration from evocations about the Brazilian railroad history and some ideas that is assigned to the railway (and the Barãode Mauá), and railway heritage (the track and the locomotive “Baroneza”). On basis of this review will seek to understand how it was reconceived the railroad memory in view of these values and material elements.

Decreased expression of ADAMTS-1 in human breast tumors stimulates migration and invasion

Abstract Background ADAMTS-1 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs) is a member of the ADAMTS family of metalloproteases. Here, we investigated mRNA and protein levels of ADAMTS-1 in normal and neoplastic tissues using qPCR, immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analyses, and we addressed the role of ADAMTS-1 in regulating migration, invasion and invadopodia formation in breast tumor cell lines. Results In a series of primary breast tumors, we observed variable levels of ADAMTS-1 mRNA expression but lower levels of ADAMTS-1 protein expression in human breast cancers as compared to normal tissue, with a striking decrease observed in high-malignancy cases (triple-negative for estrogen, progesterone and Her-2). This result prompted us to analyze the effect of ADAMTS-1 knockdown in breast cancer cells in vitro. MDA-MB-231 cells with depleted ADAMTS-1 expression demonstrated increased migration, invasion and invadopodia formation. The regulatory mechanisms underlying the effects of ADAMTS-1 may be related to VEGF, a growth factor involved in migration and invasion. MDA-MB-231 cells with depleted ADAMTS-1 showed increased VEGF concentrations in conditioned medium capable of inducing human endothelial cells (HUVEC) tubulogenesis. Furthermore, expression of the VEGF receptor (VEGFR2) was increased in MDA-MB-231 cells as compared to MCF7 cells. To further determine the relationship between ADAMTS-1 and VEGF regulating breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 cells with reduced expression of ADAMTS-1 were pretreated with a function-blocking antibody against VEGF and then tested in migration and invasion assays; both were partially rescued to control levels. Conclusions ADAMTS-1 expression was decreased in human breast tumors, and ADAMTS-1 knockdown stimulated migration, invasion and invadopodia formation in breast cancer cells in vitro. Therefore, this series of experiments suggests that VEGF is involved in the effects mediated by ADAMTS-1 in breast cancer cells.

Roasting and Leaching Bulk Copper-Zinc Sulfide Concentrates with the Subsequent Recovery of the Metals by Electrolysis

The aim of this research was to investigate the possibilities of roasting and leaching a bulk copper-zinc sulfide concentrate, and the subsequent separation of the metals from the leach solution by electro­lytic deposition.

The Acropolitan - v. 5, no. 1

In this issue...Mr. W. B. Daly, Wise River Dam, Montana State Fair, Butte Electric Railway Company, Mines Smoker, St. Lawrence Mine, American Legion

The Geology and Mineral Deposits of British Columbia

The province of British Columbia, with an area of 359,279 square miles, includes a large part of the Canadian Cordillera that is the western mountains of Canada. It is the leading province of Canada in the production of lead, zinc, and silver, and third among the provinces in the output of gold, copper, and coal.

The Amplifier - v. 6, no. 12

In this issue...Coach Bill Cullen, Butte Rotary Club, American Cancer Society, Montana AAU, Magma staff, Dr. Arthur L. Underwood, Mines baseball, National Audubon Society

An Isothermal Study of an S.A.E. 6150 Steel

The purpose of this thesis is to set forth the method followed, the laboratory procedure practiced, the results obtained, the conclu­sions drawn, and the recommendations proposed as a consequence of a metallographic study of the isothermal transformation of an S.A.E. 6150 steel.

The Amplifier - v. 8, no. 1

In this issue...Copper Guard, Homecoming, Sigma Rho, Mountain View Methodist Church, Faculty Wives, Phil Judd, Glee Club, Mineral Club, Great Northern Railway

Adult weight gain and risk of colon cancer in men

Previous research supports the hypothesis that a "rich" diet (i.e., high in fat and low in fiber) increases the risk of colon cancer. Previous research also supports the hypothesis that physical inactivity increases the risk of colon cancer, perhaps because physical inactivity decreases gut motility, thereby increasing tee time that carcinogens are in contact with the intestinal mucosa. Habitual physical inactivity, combined with rich diet, ordinarily results in chronic energy imbalance and gain in weight, except when energy balance is modified by disease or factors such as cigarette smoking. Cigarette smokers typically stay lean because of effects of smoking on the resting metabolic rate as well as on efficiency of caloric intake and storage. Therefore, if physical inactivity and rich diet do increase the risk of colon cancer, then weight gain during young adulthood should be positively associated with incidence of colon cancer during later life, especially in nonsmokers.^ This hypothesis was investigated in a cohort of 2,059 randomly selected middle-aged men who were employed at the Western Electric Company in Chicago and were free of clinically diagnosed cancer at initial examination in 1958. Body mass index (BMI) in middle age was calculated from measured height and weight at the initial examination. BMI at age 20 was estimated from weight at age 20 as recalled at the initial examination and height as measured at the initial examination. Change in BMI between age 20 and middle age was estimated by subtracting the BMI at 20 from the BMI in middle age. Forty-nine incident cases of colon cancer were detected during 25 years (43,326 person-years) at risk. When stratified by level of change in BMI from age 20 to middle age ($\le$1.9, 2.0-3.9, 4.0-5.9, $\ge$6.0 kg/m$\sp2$), age-adjusted relative hazards of colon cancer in never-smokers were 1.00, 1.22, 2.31, and 5.01, respectively (p for trend = 0.008); corresponding values in ever-smokers were 1.00, 0.95, 0.77, and 0.87, These associations did not change appreciably after further adjustment for BMI at age 20, subscapular-triceps skinfold ratio, cigarette smoking, consumption of alcohol, energy, fat, and calcium.^ We also investigated the hypothesis that the risk of colon cancer was higher in men who were lean at age 20 and became fat by middle age (lean-to-fat) than in men who were fat at age 20 and stayed fat in middle-age (fat-to-fat). "Lean" was defined as BMI $<$24 kg/m$\sp2$ at age 20 and as BMI $<$27.0 kg/m$\sp2$ in middle age. Among never-smokers, in comparison to men who were lean at age 20 and in middle age (lean-to-lean), the age-adjusted relative hazard of colon cancer was 1.43 in the fat-to-fat group (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-5.52) and 3.36 in the lean-to-fat group (95% CI 1.21-9.37). This investigation provides new results on the magnitude of risk of colon cancer associated with weight gain during adulthood (from age 20 to middle age). This relation was obscured or underestimated in previous studies due to effect-modification by cigarette smoking. Finally, the result supports the idea that a life-style characterized by chronic energy imbalance during young adulthood increases risk of colon cancer. ^

World Map Showing Routes of Exploration and Discovery, 1790 (Image 1 of 8) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Chart of the world on Mercators projection : exhibiting all the new discoveries to the present time, with the tracks of the most distinguished navigators since the year 1700 carefully collected from the best charts, maps, voyages, &c. extant and regulated from the accurate astronomical observations made in three voyages performed under the command of Captn. James Cook in the years 1768, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79 & 80, compiled and published by A. Arrowsmith, geographer; by permission of Simon McTavish Esq[r] is correctly delineated the discoveries of Mr. McKenzie laid down from his original journal in the year 1789. It was published by A. Arrowsmith, April 1, 1790. Scale [ca. 1:20,000,000]. This layer is image 1 of 8 total images of the seven sheet source map. Covers portions of eastern Asia, Siberia, Russia, Pacific Islands, and western portions of Canada and the United States including Alaska. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to a non-standard 'World Mercator' projection, with the central meridian at 180 degrees west. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. Note: The central meridian of this map is not the same as the Prime Meridian and may wrap the International Date Line or overlap itself when displayed in GIS software. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Includes routes, locations, and dates of James Cook's voyages. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Where to spend the holidays : favourite resorts in North & Central Wales, the English Lake District, Scotland & Ireland.

Includes index.